03212nas a2200217 4500008004100000245017200041210006900213300000900282490000800291520232300299653001702622653001302639653003202652653002402684653001302708653001302721100002202734700001802756700002102774856019902795 2024 eng d00aTwo new species of lichenicolous Arthonia (Arthoniaceae) from southeastern North America highlight the need for comparative studies of lichen parasites and their hosts0 aTwo new species of lichenicolous Arthonia Arthoniaceae from sout a1-210 v1273 a

Arthonia frostiicola and A. galligena are described as new to science based on collections from mountainous regions of southeastern North America. Arthonia frostiicola infects the saxicolous lichen Dirinaria frostii, producing emarginate black apothecia which erupt from within the host thallus. It is characterized by a dark hypothecium and 1-septate, obovoid ascospores which turn brownish and verruculose in age. It is known from five collections made in the southern Appalachian Mountains and Ozark Mountains in southeastern North America. Arthonia galligena produces galls in the thallus and apothecia of the corticolous lichens Lecanora masana and L. rugosella, and is apparently endemic to the high elevations of the southern Appalachian Mountains. It is characterized by a variably pigmented, pale to red-brown hypothecium and 2-septate, macrocephalic ascospores which turn brownish and verruculose in age. Keys to the species of Arthonia on Caliciales and Lecanoraceae are provided.

10abiodiversity10aendemism10ahost-parasite relationships10alichenicolous fungi10aNew taxa10ataxonomy1 aHollinger, J., P.1 aScott, P., A.1 aLendemer, J., C. uhttps://bioone.org/journals/the-bryologist/volume-127/issue-1/0007-2745-127.1.001/Two-new-species-of-lichenicolous-Arthonia-Arthoniaceae-from-southeastern-North/10.1639/0007-2745-127.1.001.short02905nas a2200289 4500008004100000245016600041210006900207300001400276490000800290520199200298653002102290653001002311653001002321653001402331653000902345653001902354653002602373653002202399653002002421653001302441100002002454700002602474700002102500700001802521700001402539856006202553 2024 eng d00aPhylogeny of the genus Loxospora s.l. (Sarrameanales, Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota), with Chicitaea gen. nov. and five new combinations in Chicitaea and Loxospora0 aPhylogeny of the genus Loxospora sl Sarrameanales Lecanoromycete a155–1810 v1023 a

Loxospora is a genus of crustose lichens containing 13 accepted species that can be separated into two groups, based on differences in secondary chemistry that
correlate with differences in characters of the sexual reproductive structures (asci and ascospores). Molecular phylogenetic analyses recovered these groups as monophyletic and support their recognition as distinct genera that differ in phenotypic characters. Species containing 2’-O-methylperlatolic acid are transferred to the new genus, Chicitaea Guzow-Krzem., Kukwa & Lendemer and four new combinations are proposed: C. assateaguensis (Lendemer) Guzow-Krzem., Kukwa & Lendemer, C. confusa (Lendemer) Guzow-Krzem., Kukwa & Lendemer, C. cristinae (Guzow-Krzem., Łubek, Kubiak & Kukwa) Guzow-Krzem., Kukwa & Lendemer and C. lecanoriformis (Lumbsch,
A.W. Archer & Elix) Guzow-Krzem., Kukwa & Lendemer. The remaining species produce thamnolic acid and represent Loxospora s.str. Haplotype analyses recovered sequences
of L. elatina in two distinct groups, one corresponding to L. elatina s.str. and one to Pertusaria chloropolia, the latter being resurrected from synonymy of L. elatina and, thus,
requiring the combination, L. chloropolia (Erichsen) Ptach-Styn, Guzow-Krzem., Tønsberg & Kukwa. Sequences of L. ochrophaea were found to be intermixed within the otherwise
monophyletic L. elatina s.str. These two taxa, which differ in contrasting reproductive mode and overall geographic distributions, are maintained as distinct, pending further studies with additional molecular loci. Lectotypes are selected for Lecanora elatina, Pertusaria chloropolia and P. chloropolia f. cana. The latter is a synonym of Loxospora chloropolia. New primers for the amplification of mtSSU are also presented.

10aLichenised fungi10amtSSU10anuITS10aphylogeny10aRPB110aSarrameanaceae10asecondary metabolites10asorediate lichens10asterile lichens10ataxonomy1 aPtach-Styn, Ł.1 aGuzow-Krzemińska, B.1 aLendemer, J., C.1 aTønsberg, T.1 aKukwa, M. uhttps://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/116196/download/pdf/02970nas a2200313 4500008004100000022001400041245010700055210006900162300000700231490000700238520208600245653001702331653001302348653001302361653002402374653001202398653001102410653001302421653001702434653001702451653001502468653001302483100002702496700002602523700001802549700002102567700002302588856004502611 2017 eng d a1712-656800aTaxonomy and distribution of the imperilled Newfoundland Gray-cheeked Thrush, Catharus minimus minimus0 aTaxonomy and distribution of the imperilled Newfoundland Grayche a100 v123 a

Gray-cheeked Thrushes breeding on Newfoundland are purported to be a distinct subspecies (Catharus minimus minimus) and have declined precipitously since the 1980s. To assess the validity of Gray-cheeked Thrush subspecies we collected blood samples and morphological measurements from 51 individuals captured at 15 sites in Newfoundland and Labrador (2013–2015). Analysis of mitochondrial (ND2) and nuclear intron (ADAM-TS 6, FIB7) sequences from these and additional samples from Nova Scotia, Newfoundland, Labrador, Quebec, Alaska, and Siberia showed low genetic variation at both nuclear loci, and shallow mitochondrial divergence between subspecies; there were no shared haplotypes between thrushes from Newfoundland / Nova Scotia (n = 41) and those from western Labrador and further west (n = 24). Thrushes from Newfoundland also had shorter wing chords, tails, and culmens and less black in the mandible compared to those from western Labrador and Quebec. Samples from the southeast coast of Labrador (n = 13) included ND2 haplotypes both from Newfoundland and western Labrador plus one putative hybrid that was phenotypically a Gray-cheeked Thrush but that had a Bicknell’s Thrush (C. bicknelli) ND2 haplotype and was heterozygous at a segregating site in FIB7. We detected thrushes during point counts at 7 of 24 sites on Newfoundland, but failed to detect them at 10 historically occupied sites on Newfoundland or in the reported distribution gap between subspecies in Labrador. Sites where thrushes have apparently disappeared had less shrub habitat within 1250 m and more large broadleaf trees within territory-scale areas compared to sites where they persist. Additionally, red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) are an introduced species on Newfoundland and thrush occurrence was > 3x higher at sites where red squirrels were not detected. Our results support previous designations of C. m. minimus from Newfoundland and southeastern Labrador as a subspecies distinct from C. m. aliciae found further west.

10adistribution10aendemism10agenetics10aGray-cheeked Thrush10ahabitat10ahybrid10aLabrador10aNewfoundland10ared squirrel10asubspecies10ataxonomy1 aFitzGerald, Alyssa, M.1 aWhitaker, Darroch, M.1 aRalston, Joel1 aKirchman, J., J.1 aWarkentin, Ian, G. uhttp://www.ace-eco.org/vol12/iss1/art10/02377nas a2200277 4500008004100000245010000041210006900141300001200210490000700222520156900229653002101798653001901819653001301838653001901851653001801870653002101888653001301909653002301922653001301945100002101958700001701979700001601996700002502012700001802037856004402055 2015 eng d00aMiddle Devonian (Givetian) Sharks from Cairo, New York (USA): Evidence of Early Cosmopolitanism0 aMiddle Devonian Givetian Sharks from Cairo New York USA Evidence a183-2000 v603 a

Whereas cosmopolitan distribution patterns are established for many Late Devonian vertebrates (e.g., placoderms, onychodontiforms), few palaeobiogeographic studies have considered chondrichthyans. Recent discoveries of shark material demonstrate that some chondrichthyans were cosmopolitan by the Middle Devonian. Abundant Givetian microremains have been recovered from the Cairo quarry in eastern New York State, USA. These include teeth of two shark species with Gondwanan affinities, the omalodontid Portalodus mannoliniae sp. nov. and the antarctilamnid Wellerodus priscus. Abundant teeth of P. mannoliniae sp. nov. are characterized by a smooth diplodont crown, polarized cusps, and a labially oriented base. The teeth demonstrate monognathic heterodonty. The juvenile morph is distinguished from the adult by smaller size, slender cusps, and variation in the shape of the base. W. priscus is represented by rare juvenile teeth. Two groups of scales that show affinity to material from northern (Spain) and East Gondwana (Antarctica) are tentatively attributed to the two described species. Antarctilamnid distribution suggests a north Gondwanan origin and a colonization of the margin of the landmass before dispersing to Laurentia by the Middle Devonian. This material further indicates that vertebrate global dispersal was initiated by the Middle Devonian, and emphasizes earlier palaeogeographic interpretations that the Middle Devonian “Hamilton fauna” of North American Laurussia originated in the Early Devonian in South American Gondwana.

10aAntarctilamnidae10aChondrichthyes10aDevonian10aElasmobranchii10aNorth America10aOmalodontiformes10aontogeny10apalaeobiogeography10ataxonomy1 aPotvin-Leduc, D.1 aCloutier, R.1 aLanding, E.1 aVanAller Hernick, L.1 aMannolini, F. uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.4202/app.2012.010101662nas a2200229 4500008004100000245006900041210006900110300001100179490000600190520098400196653001001180653001501190653001301205653001301218653002301231653003001254100001701284700001901301700002101320700001401341856007701355 2011 eng d00aTeosinte Inflorescence Phytolith Assemblages Mirror Zea Taxonomy0 aTeosinte Inflorescence Phytolith Assemblages Mirror Zea Taxonomy aE183490 v63 a

Molecular DNA analyses of the New World grass (Poaceae) genus Zea, comprising five species, has resolved taxonomic issues including the most likely teosinte progenitor (Zea mays ssp. parviglumis) of maize (Zea mays ssp. mays). However, archaeologically, little is known about the use of teosinte by humans both prior to and after the domestication of maize. One potential line of evidence to explore these relationships is opaline phytoliths produced in teosinte fruit cases. Here we use multidimensional scaling and multiple discriminant analyses to determine if rondel phytolith assemblages from teosinte fruitcases reflect teosinte taxonomy. Our results indicate that rondel phytolith assemblages from the various taxa, including subspecies, can be statistically discriminated. This indicates that it will be possible to investigate the archaeological histories of teosinte use pending the recovery of appropriate samples.

10amaize10aphytoliths10ataxonomy10ateosinte10aZea mays ssp. mays10aZea mays ssp. parviglumis1 aHart, J., P.1 aMatson, R., G.1 aThompson, R., G.1 aBlake, M. uhttp://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.001834902587nas a2200193 4500008004100000245010500041210006900146300001200215490000700227520197900234653001602213653001802229653002502247653001502272653001302287100001802300700002002318856005502338 2010 eng d00aFamily-level Relationships of the Spittlebugs and Froghoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Cercopoidea)0 aFamilylevel Relationships of the Spittlebugs and Froghoppers Hem a393-4150 v353 a

The spittlebug superfamily Cercopoidea (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha) comprises approximately 3000 phytophagous species (including some economically important pests of grass crops) classified among the families Cercopidae, Aphrophoridae, Epipygidae, Clastopteridae and Machaerotidae. However, the monophyly of these taxa has never been tested and the evolutionary relationships among these major lineages are unknown. Presented here are the results of the first ever phylogenetic investigation of the higher-level relationships within Cercopoidea, based on DNA nucleotide sequence data from six loci (18S rDNA, 28S rDNA, histone 3, wingless, cytochrome oxidase I and cytochrome oxidase II) generated from exemplars of 109 spittlebug species representing all five described families, seven of eight subfamilies and 61 genera (eight additional exemplars, representing a selection of other Auchenorrhyncha taxa, were included as outgroups). The resulting topologies are used to evaluate the monophyly of each cercopoid family, and further to calculate divergence date estimates to examine the chronological origins and historical diversification of Cercopoidea. The results of this investigation suggest that: (i) four of the five described families are monophyletic; Epipygidae was recovered consistently as originating within Aphrophoridae; (ii) the exclusively Old World Machaerotidae is the most anciently diversified family of extant spittlebugs; (iii) New World Cercopidae (i.e. Ischnorhininae) constitute a derived monophyletic lineage; (iv) the genus Microsargane Fowler, classified currently within Aphrophoridae, actually belongs within Cercopidae; and (v) the origins of the major spittlebug lineages probably coincided with the breakup of Pangaea and, subsequently, Gondwana, as well as major floristic diversification such as the rise of angiosperms.

10aCercopoidea10aPhylogenetics10aphytophagous insects10aspittlebug10ataxonomy1 aCryan, J., R.1 aSvenson, G., J. uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2009.00520.x01778nas a2200205 4500008004100000245010400041210006900145300001200214490000600226520114800232653002101380653001001401653002601411653001301437100002101450700001701471700002001488700001901508856004501527 2010 eng d00aDNA from a 100-year-old Holotype Confirms the Validity of a Potentially Extinct Hummingbird Species0 aDNA from a 100yearold Holotype Confirms the Validity of a Potent a112-1150 v63 a

We used mtDNA sequence data to confirm that the controversial 100-year-old holotype of the Bogotá sunangel (Heliangelus zusii) represents a valid species. We demonstrate that H. zusii is genetically well differentiated from taxa previously hypothesized to have given rise to the specimen via hybridization. Phylogenetic analyses place H. zusii as sister to a clade of mid- to high-elevation Andean species currently placed in the genera Taphrolesbia and Aglaiocercus. Heliangelus zusii, presumed extinct, has never been observed in nature by biologists. We infer that the species occupied a restricted distribution between the upper tropical and temperate zones of the northern Andes and that it was most probably driven to extinction by deforestation that accompanied human population growth during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. We demonstrate the feasibility of obtaining DNA from nearly microscopic tissue samples from old hummingbird specimens and suggest that these methods could be used to resolve the taxonomy of dozens of avian taxa known only from type specimens.

10aBogotá sunangel10amtDNA10aPhylogenetic analyses10ataxonomy1 aKirchman, J., J.1 aWitt, C., C.1 aMcGuire, J., A.1 aGraves, G., R. uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2009.054501893nas a2200205 4500008004100000245012600041210006900167300001200236490000700248520120400255653001601459653002701475653001801502653001601520653001301536100001801549700002101567700001801588856008101606 2010 eng d00aEvolution of Delphacidae (Hemiptera:Fulgoroidea): Combined-Evidence Phylogenetics Reveals Importance of Grass Host Shifts0 aEvolution of Delphacidae HemipteraFulgoroidea CombinedEvidence P a678-6910 v353 a

The planthopper family Delphacidae is a speciose lineage of phloem-feeding insects, with many species considered as pests of economic significance on essential world food commodities (including rice, maize, wheat, barley and sugar cane). Despite their economic importance, evolutionary relationships among delphacids, particularly those within the speciose tribe Delphacini, are largely unknown. Presented here are the results of a phylogenetic investigation of Delphacidae based on DNA nucleotide sequence data from four genetic loci (18S rDNA, 28S rDNA, wingless and cytochrome oxidase I) and 132 coded morphological characters. The resulting topologies are used to test the higher classification of Delphacidae and to examine evolutionary patterns in host–plant associations. Our results generally support the higher classifications of Delphacidae proposed by Asche, Emeljanov and Hamilton, and suggest that the rapid diversification of the Delphacini was associated with host shifts to, and within, Poaceae, and specifically from C3 to C4 grasses.

10aDelphacidae10aphloem-feeding insects10aPhylogenetics10aplanthopper10ataxonomy1 aUrban, J., M.1 aBartlett, C., R.1 aCryan, J., R. uhttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00539.x/abstract02574nas a2200301 4500008004100000245015900041210006900200300001000269490000700279520158800286653001001874653001701884653001801901653003001919653001001949653001301959653001801972653001301990100001902003700001702022700001902039700003002058700001802088700001902106700001602125700002202141856010902163 2009 eng d00aTaxonomic Boundaries and Geographic Distributions Revealed by an Integrative Systematic Overview of the Mountain Coatis, Nasuella (Carnivora: Procyonidae)0 aTaxonomic Boundaries and Geographic Distributions Revealed by an a65-740 v413 a

The procyonid taxon Nasuella Hollister, 1915, is currently recognized as a monotypic genus comprising the single species N. olivacea (Gray, 1865), the Mountain Coati, found in montane habitats (circa 1300-4250 m) in the Andes of Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador. In this study we utilize museum specimens to examine the phylogenetic relationships, taxonomy and geographic distribution of Nasuella populations with an integrative systematic approach. Drawing on morphological comparisons of pelage, cranial, and dental characters, and molecular comparisons of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b (from recent and historical samples), we confirm that Nasuella is closely related to other coatis (Nasua) and show that there are two deeply divergent lineages represented within the taxonomic bounds of Nasuella. We recognize and diagnose these taxa as two distinctive mountain coati species, corresponding to the Eastern Mountain Coati Nasuella meridensis (Thomas, 1901), endemic to the Venezuelan Andes, and the Western Mountain Coati N. olivacea, distributed in the Andes of Colombia and Ecuador. We use locality and habitat data associated with museum specimens to model the global geographic range of both species. From this we predict areas of undocumented (i.e., currently unvouchered) occurrence, areas of habitat loss associated with land use changes, and the geographic barrier separating the distributions of N. meridensis and N. olivacea. This newfound understanding of taxonomy and distribution should allow for a revised conservation assessment for mountain coatis.

10aAndes10acytochrome b10aecomorphology10ageographic range modeling10aNasua10aNasuella10aPhylogenetics10ataxonomy1 aHelgen, K., M.1 aKays, R., W.1 aHelgen, L., E.1 aTsuchiya-Jerep, M., T. N.1 aPinto, C., M.1 aKoepfli, K.-P.1 aEizirik, E.1 aMaldonado, J., E. uhttps://www.nysm.nysed.gov/staff-publications/taxonomic-boundaries-and-geographic-distributions-revealed01163nas a2200181 4500008004100000245010700041210006900148300000800217490000800225520057400233653002300807653002500830653001300855653002000868100002000888700002000908856005300928 2004 eng d00aDescription of the Larvel Stages of the Shield Darter, Percina peltata (Pisces: Percidae), in New York0 aDescription of the Larvel Stages of the Shield Darter Percina pe a1-70 v7743 a

A series of larvae of Percina peltata (Pisces: Percidae) was collected from the Neversink River, a Delaware River tributary, in spring of 2001 and 2002. We provide descriptions and illustrations of yolk sac larvae and post yolk sac larvae through the end of larval development. The larval morphology of P. peltata is plesiomorphic for the clade of the Etheostomatinae which we correlate with the
plesiomorphic position afforded P. peltata in other studies. We do not consider the larval morphology of this species to be an adaptation to its environment.

10aearly life history10apost yolk sac larvae10ataxonomy10ayolk sac larvae1 aSchmidt, R., E.1 aDaniels, R., A. uhttp://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2004f/zt00774.pdf01154nas a2200205 4500008004100000245011700041210006900158300001200227490000700239520051100246653001900757653001400776653001400790653001600804653001300820653001500833100001800848700002100866856006100887 2002 eng d00aA Redescription of Caribbean Treehopper Genus Antillotalinia Ramos (Hemiptera: Membracidae), and Two New Species0 aRedescription of Caribbean Treehopper Genus Antillotalinia Ramos a302-3080 v953 a

he Caribbean treehopper genus Antillotolania Ramos, classified in the subfamily Stegaspidinae, is redescribed based on adult morphology. Antillotolania doramariae Ramos, the type species, is redescribed and illustrated; descriptions and illustrations are also given for A. microcentroides, new species from Guadeloupe and the British Virgin Islands, and A. extrema, new species from Puerto Rico. A key for the identification of adults is provided for the genus.

10aAntillotolania10aCaribbean10aHemiptera10aMembracidae10ataxonomy10atreehopper1 aCryan, J., R.1 aBartlett, C., R. uhttp://aesa.oxfordjournals.org/content/95/3/302.abstract00426nas a2200145 4500008004100000245006300041210006000104300000900164490000700173653001400180653001700194653001300211100001600224856004000240 1994 eng d00aPseudopanderodus; Junior Synonym of Panderodus (Conodonta)0 aPseudopanderodus Junior Synonym of Panderodus Conodonta a11650 v6810aconodonta10apaleontology10ataxonomy1 aLanding, E. uhttp://www.jstor.org/stable/130618701842nas a2200169 4500008004100000245011700041210006900158300001200227490000700239520128000246653001401526653002001540653002301560653001301583100001901596856005701615 1979 eng d00aDescription and Bionomics of Mesomermis camdenensis n. sp. (Mermithidae), A Parasite of Black Flies (Simuliidae)0 aDescription and Bionomics of Mesomermis camdenensis n sp Mermith a321-3280 v113 a

Mesomermis camdenensis n. sp. is described from larvae of Simulium tuberosum (lundstroem) collected in Camden Valley Creek, Washington County, New York. This species possesses a barrel-shaped vagina, vulval flap. two short separate spicules, terminal mouth, six longitudinal chords, six cephalic papillae, large sexually dimorpbic anaphids, an esophagns of uniform width which extends for less than one-third of the body length, and a cone-shaped tail directed ventrally without appendage. Juveniles also are described and illustrated.

A detailed morphological comparison with the mermithid M. flumenalis Welch is presented. The most pronounced morphological differences between these species are in the shape of the vulva, juvenile tail, and infective stage. Cross-mating trials support the integrity of the new species.

The life cycle of M. camdenensis is closely synchronized with that of its primary host, S. tuberosum larvae. Infected S. tuberosum larvae were first collected in May. Emergence of postparasites from late instars took place from mid-June through mid-October. Sampling data indicate a lower susceptibility to infection among S. venuslum Say larvae.

10abionomics10aMesomermis spp.10aSimulium tuberosum10ataxonomy1 aMolloy, D., P. uhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2617980/