%0 Journal Article %J Harvard Papers in Botany %D 2010 %T Asa Gray and the Development of Bryology in the United States %A N. G. Miller %K André Michaux %K Asa Gray %K Dillenius %K Henry Muhlenberg %K history of botany %K history of bryology %K John Torrey %K Lewis Beck %K Lewis Schweinitz %K Palisot de Beauvois %K William Sullivant %X
Asa Gray never expanded his knowledge of floristic bryology to the extent he developed expertise in flowering plant taxonomy. Nevertheless, he became experienced in bryological floristics early in his botanical career, and Gray absorbed new bryological information, both floristic and conceptual, throughout his life from wherever it was generated. He had plans to advance bryology in the United States, including an exsiccata and publishing a volume devoted to cryptogams as part two of the second edition of his Manual, but both never happened. His respect for the bryological talent and energy of William S. Sullivant, whose achievements Gray consistently encouraged and fostered, allowed Sullivant, a non-academic in Columbus, Ohio, to become a highly regarded bryologist of international stature and the designated Father of American Bryology. The growth of bryofloristic knowledge in the United States is traced from the earliest colonial period to later workers, including Dillenius, André Michaux, Palisot de Beauvois, Henry Muhlenberg, Lewis Schweinitz, Lewis Beck, and John Torrey, to Asa Gray, and eventually to William Sullivant. The bryological work and accomplishments of each of them show that all participated in a sophisticated international network of information exchange by letter or other conveyance, thereby building important collections of bryophyte specimens and printed references. For some, this happened during the 1800s when improvements in compound light microscopy led to the resolution of morphology not before revealed with certainty in bryophytes and to conceptual advances in understanding the biology of these plants, which in turn allowed the discovery of the mesoscale structural uniqueness of them and continuing advancements in their systematics in the post-Sullivant era.
%B Harvard Papers in Botany %V 15 %P 287-304 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.3100/025.015.0208 %R 10.3100/025.015.0208 %0 Journal Article %J Botany %D 2010 %T Introduction and recent range expansion in the moss Ptychomitrium serratum (Ptychomitriaceae) in the Southern and Eastern United States %A N. G. Miller %A Robinson, S. C. %K adventive and naturalized mosses %K calcicole %K concrete and mortar as moss habitat. %K plant introduction history %K species rarity %K spore dispersal %XThe moss Ptychomitrium serratum (C. Müll. Hal. ex Schimp.) Besch., is native to Mexico and parts of western Texas and southern New Mexico, and it is a rare adventive in the area from East Texas and Louisiana to Missouri, Tennessee, South Carolina, and northward to locations near the coast in New York State and Massachusetts. In the adventive part of this calcicole’s range, all collections are from the past 50 years. Concrete, mortar, and rarely asphalt shingle are its only known substrata in this region, which contrasts sharply with its common occurrence on limestone in the native portion of its range. These observations indicate recent, perhaps on-going, immigration into the eastern United States and dispersal from established populations in this region. This monoicous moss commonly produces spores, which are its primary means of spread. Given the low density occurrences in the adventive portion of the range of P. serratum, dispersal may be generally northeastward from Mexico – Texas – New Mexico, following northeastward storm tracks in the southern and eastern United States. The apparently recent spread of this moss does not show obvious reliance on any direct human activity.
Field studies on the east side of Mount Katahdin, Maine, from 2001 to 2004, and an appraisal of published and unpublished Katahdin records from previous work documented 203 different bryophytes (131 mosses and 72 liverworts) for subalpine conifer forest, alpine tundra and cirque walls, and krummholz in between. This work represents the only recent investigation of a high altitude bryoflora in the mountains of the northeastern United States. Two mosses (Hygrohypnum smithii, Pohlia tundrae) are new to this region, and six others, including Neckera oligocarpa, are new records for Maine. Investigations of Grimmia (4 spp.), Cynodontium (2 spp.) and Kiaeria (2 spp.) clarified the application of taxonomic concepts for these mosses relative to previous published work. In conjunction with parallel studies of Katahdin lichens, eight habitats were specified for the study area. These habitats were largely the same places as those recognized for lichens. The eight habitats differed in the number of Arctic mosses and in unique occurrences of various mosses and liverworts. Mean Arctic-boreal-cool temperate values, introduced as an analytical tool to evaluate the distributional affinities of Kathadin lichens, were calculated for bryophytes for seven of eight habitats. The mean for each habitat class was well predicted by a multiple regression equation, with altitude, solar gain and snowpack persistence, but not substratum, as independent variables. Upper and lower altitutinal limits of bryophyte species occurrence were determined. The documented presence of Katahdin alpine bryophytes in four other mountain areas in northeastern United States and adjacent Québec, Canada, showed fewer of them in western areas (the high Adirondack Mountains, New York and Mt. Mansfield, Vermont), a possible outcome of increasing oceanic conditions eastward.
%B Bryologist %V 112 %P 704-748 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-112.4.704 %R 10.1639/0007-2745-112.4.704 %0 Journal Article %J Evansia %D 2009 %T The Moss Grimmia muhlenbeckii (Grimmiaceae) is Widespread in Eastern New York %A N. G. Miller %K Grimmia muehlenbeckii %K moss %K New York %XGrimmia muehlenbeckii, hitherto unrecorded in the bryoflora of New York State, is documented from eight counties in a large part of eastern New York. In this region G. muehlenbeckii grows at low to middle altitude on calcareous, weakly calcareous, and acidic rock, usually on bedrock outcrops that are weathered. The earliest collection from this area dates to 1955.
%B Evansia %V 26 %P 40-44 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1639/0747-9859-26.2.40 %R 10.1639/0747-9859-26.2.40 %0 Journal Article %J Harvard Papers in Botany %D 2009 %T Review of: Hu Ren-liang, Wang You-fang, & Marshall R. Crobsy, Eds.-in-Chief, Si He, Ed., Moss Flora of China, English Version, Volume 7: Amblystegiaceae-Plagiotheciaceae %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Harvard Papers in Botany %V 14 %P 87, 88 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Rhodaria %D 2009 %T Studies of Mosses Adventive and Naturalized in the Northeastern United States %A N. G. Miller %K Funaria %K Kindbergia %K lawn moss %K naturalized bryophytes %K plant introduction %K Pseudoscleropodium %K Rhytidiadelphus %XField and herbarium research has revealed three newly recognized introduced and naturalized mosses in the northeastern United States. Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, as that name is often applied in eastern North America, consists of a widespread common native species, R. subpinnatus, a carpet-forming moss of wet conifer and conifer-hardwood forest, and R. squarrosus in the strict sense, an introduced and naturalized moss that appears to be infrequent in eastern North America and restricted to weedy habitats such as lawns. Kindbergia praelonga is documented to occur on Nantucket Island, Massachusetts, in lawns in Nantucket town, indicating that it is a naturalized member of the bryoflora. There may also be native populations of this moss elsewhere in eastern North America, but this is unconfirmed. A moss of the southeastern and midwestern United States, Funaria flavicans, has been found with mature sporophytes in flower pots at a retail nursery on Nantucket Island in circumstances indicating it is an adventive. It may be a waif, or possibly a member of the naturalized bryoflora of Massachusetts, if in the future populations outside cultivation are found. New occurrences of a European moss, Psuedoscleropodium purum, from Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and in other places in eastern North America (Nova Scotia and North Carolina) add substantially to the previously known distribution of this moss. These new collections were in part from residential lawns and similar habitats outside of cemeteries where most of the previously known occurrences were concentrated, which may indicate that this moss is spreading.
%B Rhodaria %V 111 %P 218-230 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.3119/08-7.1 %R 10.3119/08-7.1 %0 Book Section %B Island Life, A Catalog of the Biodiversity On and Around Martha's Vineyard %D 2008 %T The Bryoflora of Martha's Vineyard %A N. G. Miller %E Keith, A. R. %E Spongberg, S. A. %K biology %B Island Life, A Catalog of the Biodiversity On and Around Martha's Vineyard %I Marine Biological Laboratories %C Woods Hole, Massachusetts %P 149-158 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Evansia %D 2008 %T Bryological Results of the 31st A. L. Andrews Foray in Rhode Island %A N. G. Miller %A Buck, W. R. %K bryophytes %K moss %K Rhode Island %XA bryological inventory of four natural areas in northeastern and southern Rhode Island documented
the presence of 97 mosses (including 13 peat mosses) and 21 liverworts. While no modern checklist
of Rhode Island bryophytes exists, the list of the species found is a starting point for further exploration
and documentation of the bryoflora of this New England State.
The rhizoid-tuber-bearing mosses, Bryum tenuisetum and B. violaceum, have been found on Nantucket Island, Massachusetts, on acidic sandy soil in areas of anthropogenic disturbance. Neither one has evidently been reported before for New England, and they are known only from a few places elsewhere in eastern North America. The plants of B. violaceum had strongly papillose rhizoids (vs. smooth according to descriptions of plants from elsewhere) but agree with other collections in various diagnostic characteristics. Plants in both collections were without sporophytes, which is typical of these dioicous bryums.
%B Evansia %V 25 %P 57-61 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1639/0747-9859-25.3.57 %R 10.1639/0747-9859-25.3.57 %0 Report %D 2008 %T The Cohoes Mastodon and Younger Dryas in Eastern New York %A N. G. Miller %E De Simone, D. J. %E Wall, G. R. %E N. G. Miller %E Rayburn, J. A. %E A. L. Kozlowski %K paleontology %B Glacial Geology of the Northern Hudson Through Southern Champlain lowlands. Guidebook to Field Trips. %C Glens Falls, New York %P 19-25 %G eng %0 Book Section %B Mastodon Paleobiology, Taphonomy, and Paleoenvironment in the Late Pleistocene of New York State: studies on the Hyde Park, Chemung, and North Java Sites %D 2008 %T Contemporary and Prior Environments of the Hyde Park, New York, Mastodon, on the Basis of Associated Plant Macrofossils %A N. G. Miller %E Allmon, W. D. %E Nester, P. L. %K biology paleontology %B Mastodon Paleobiology, Taphonomy, and Paleoenvironment in the Late Pleistocene of New York State: studies on the Hyde Park, Chemung, and North Java Sites %S Palaeontographica Americana %I Paleontological Research Institute %C Ithaca, New York %P 151-181 %G eng %0 Magazine Article %D 2008 %T A Look Back: Bryologist Lewis Caleb Beck %A N. G. Miller %K biology history %B Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum %V 4 %P 14 %G eng %0 Magazine Article %D 2006 %T More on Mastodons and Their Extinction %A N. G. Miller %K biology paleontology %B Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum %V 2 %P 4-5 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J GSA Special Publications %D 2006 %T Paleoecology of a late Pleistocene Wetland and Associated Mastodon Remains in the Hudson Valley, Southeastern New York State %A N. G. Miller %A Nester, P. L. %K calcareous wetland %K late Pleistocene %K mastodon %K New York %K paleoecology %K plant macrofossils %XLate Quaternary history and paleoecology of a small oxbow wetland on glaciated terrain were investigated using sediment lithology (cores, bulk samples, backhoedug trenches), ground-penetrating radar, vascular plant and moss macrofossil stratigraphies, and accelerator mass spectrometric radiocarbon dating. A nearly complete mastodon skeleton was recovered from late Pleistocene detrital peat and peaty marl near the top of the sediment sequence. Sedimentation in the basin began with silt and clay over dense cobble outwash transported southward from the nearby Hyde Park Moraine. Overbank sediment deposition occurred between ∼13,000 and 12,220 yr B.P. during a period of tundra vegetation, which ended with a sharp rise in spruce needle abundance and a shift to autochthonous marl and finally peat deposition. Fossils of aquatic and wetland plants began to accumulate before the tundra-spruce transition and increased after it. Rich fen wetland began to infill the pond with peat, while the upland supported open white spruce and later white spruce–balsam fir–tamarack forest. The mastodon, 11,480 ± 40 radiocarbon years old, was contemporaneous with spruce–balsam fir–tamarack forest and rich fen wetland. Many mastodon bones were articulated or nearly so, indicating that the animal died in the basin and that postmortem bone dispersal was slight.
%B GSA Special Publications %V 399 %P 291-304 %G eng %U http://specialpapers.gsapubs.org/content/399/291.abstract %0 Journal Article %J Rhodora %D 2006 %T Review of: Maine Mosses, SphagnaceaeTimmiaceae, by Bruce Allen %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Rhodora %V 108 %P 184-187 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Bryologist %D 2006 %T Review of: Moosflora, 4. Neubearbietete und erweiterte Auflage, by J-P. Frahm & W. Frey %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Bryologist %V 109 %P 423, 424 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Rhodora %D 2005 %T The Bryoflora of Mt. Everett, Taconic Mountains, Massachusetts %A N. G. Miller %K Berkshires %K bryophytes %K liverworts %K Massachusetts %K mosses %K Mt. Everett %K Mt. Greylock %K pine barrens %K pitch pine %K Taconic Mountains %XAn inventory of the bryophyte flora of Mt. Everett and vicinity, southwestern Massachusetts, a 795 m mountain with an unusual dwarf Pinus rigida (pitch pine) summit forest, produced records for 109 mosses and 45 liverworts (153 species and one variety). The summit pine vegetation contained some bryophytes known to occur in lowland pitch pine forest elsewhere in the northeastern United States, but no species unique to this vegetation type. Some species more characteristic of higher elevation mountains with red spruce-balsam fir forest in the northeastern United States were present in the summit and subsummit areas of Mt. Everett, especially the latter. These azonal northern bryophytes may be descendents of populations of species that were more abundant in the past. Species richness on the mountain increased from summit to lowland, and the subsummit area contained more species than the summit forest area. Substantial differences exist between the bryofloras of Mt. Everett and Mt. Greylock, Massachusetts, 70 km to the north, reflecting edaphic and climatic dissimilarities between the two areas. Bryum flaccidum, Plagiomnium medium, Pseudotaxiphyllum distichaceum, and Sphagnum quinquefarium, on the basis of collections from Mt. Everett and vicinity, are added to the flora of Massachusetts.
%B Rhodora %V 107 %P 34-51 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.3119/04-13.1 %R 10.3119/04-13.1 %0 Journal Article %J Rhodora %D 2005 %T Bryophytes and Lichens of a Calcium-Rich Spring Seep Isolated on the Granitic Terrain of Mt. Katahdin, Maine, U.S.A %A N. G. Miller %A Fryday, A. M. %A Hinds, J. W. %K Base-rich spring seep %K bryophytes %K calcicole %K lichens %K Maine %K microrefugia %K Mt. Katahdin %K rich fen %XAn unexpected concentration of calcicole mosses and lichens has been discovered at and near a small spring seep on the granite headwall of the North Basin of Mt. Katahdin, Piscataquis County, Maine. Water samples from the spring were circumneutral and high in calcium ion content, whereas other springs, ponds, and streams on the mountain tested acidic and low in calcium. Because the Katahdin granite contains no primary carbonate minerals, it is suggested that the source of calcium enrichment in the North Basin spring water is secondary calcium carbonate (calcite) precipitated in cavities and fractures near the base of the upper Katahdin granite and its subsequent dissolution and mobilization by percolating groundwater. Plagioclase, epidote, and other calcic minerals in the granite supply the primary calcium ions. The moss calcicoles grew in small discontinuous patches on wet humified peaty soil over alpine bedrock ledges in communities having floristics and water chemistry similar to lowland rich fens. Present in or near the seep were mosses previously unrecorded for New England or Maine [Loeskypnum wickesiae (Grout) Tuom., Neckera oligocarpa Bruch in Hartm., Pseudoleskea radicosa (Mitt.) Mac. & Kindb., Tortella tortuosa var. fragilifolia (Jur.) Limpr., Warnstorfia sarmentosa (Wahlenb.) Hedenäs], one lichen [Hymenelia cyanocarpa (Anzi) Lutzoni], reported here for the first time from North America, and another lichen (Thelidium minutulum Körb.) for the first time from the contiguous United States. An area adjacent to the seep, but unaffected by calcareous seep-water, was remarkable for a concentration of rare lichen species of acidic rocks, including Catillaria contristans (Nyl.) Zahlbr. and Lecanora caesiosora Poelt, that have not previously been reported from North America. The bryophyte and lichen flora of the seep area is an example of a Holocene alpine microrefugium. Refugia such as these can serve as a source of propagules that allow new populations to establish elsewhere in mountainous terrain, or beyond, during climatic and other environmental change. Therefore, extant, cryptic microrefugia are important biogeographically and especially worthy of preservation efforts.
%B Rhodora %V 107 %P 339-358 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.3119/05-7.1 %R 10.3119/05-7.1 %0 Book Section %B The Encyclopedia of New York State %D 2005 %T Flora and Vegetation %A N. G. Miller %E Eisenstadt, P. %E L. E-. Moss %K biology %B The Encyclopedia of New York State %I Syracuse University Press %C Syracuse, NY %P 573-574 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Evansia %D 2004 %T Additions to the Liverwort Flora of Connecticut %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Evansia %V 21 %P 141-144 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J American Journal of Botany %D 2004 %T Bryophyte Dispersal Inferred from Colonization of an Introduced Substratum on Whiteface Mountain, New York %A N. G. Miller %A McDaniel, S. F. %K Adirondack Mountains %K bryophyte %K calcicole %K calcium carbonate substrata %K Long-distance dispersal %K ruderal %XA long-standing debate in bryophyte biogeography concerns the frequency of long-distance spore dispersal. The diversity of bryophytes on mortared rock walls along the Veterans Memorial Highway on Whiteface Mountain, New York, USA, was studied to document the recruitment of species over the 65 years since the highway was constructed. The highway is situated in the Adirondack Mountains, a relatively unpopulated region with a largely acidic flora. The introduction of mortar has increased the bryophyte diversity by 50% above that of native lithic substrata on the mountain. The composition of the native and mortar floras differed greatly, suggesting that the walls were not colonized by locally abundant ruderal species. Many of the species sampled on the walls are typically found only in lower elevation forested sites, distant (∼5 km or more) from the highway, and not on anthropogenic calcium carbonate. These results suggest that a bryophyte community consisting of common and uncommon species assembled from distant sites at the rate of at least one species per year in the last 65 years. These data provide the ecological context for experimental and phylogeographic studies and suggest that some bryophytes may be capable of routine dispersal over distances of at least 5 km.
%B American Journal of Botany %V 91 %P 1173-1182 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.3732/ajb.91.8.1173 %R 10.3732/ajb.91.8.1173 %0 Journal Article %J Rhodora %D 2003 %T The Asian Weed Fatoua villosa (Moraceae) in New York State and Massachusetts %A N. G. Miller %A C. E. Wood Jr. %K biology %B Rhodora %V 105 %P 286-291 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Bul. Buffalo Soc. of Natural Sciences %D 2003 %T Extending the Paleobotanical Record at the Hiscock Site, New York: Correlations Among Stratigraphic Pollen Assemblages from Nearby Lake and Wetland Basins %A N. G. Miller %A Futyma, R. P. %K biology paleontology %B Bul. Buffalo Soc. of Natural Sciences %V 37 %P 43-62 %G eng %0 Book Section %B Natural History of the Albany Pine Bush %D 2003 %T The Pine Bush Bryophyte Flora %A N. G. Miller %A L. Leonardi %E Barnes, J. K. %K biology %B Natural History of the Albany Pine Bush %S New York State Museum Bulletin %I The University of the State of New York %C Albany, New York %P 35- 36 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Rhodora %D 2002 %T Aneura maxima (Hepaticae:Aneuraceae) in Maine, U.S.A %A N. G. Miller %K biology %XAneura maxima (Schiffn.) Steph. Maine: Kennebec Co., Mud Pond, ca. 5 km SW of Litchfield along Highway 126, 44°12'N,
69°58'W, bottom of an animal run over wet peat, minerotrophic edge of fen mat near pond, 19 Sep 1987, Miller 9497 (nys).
Plants of Pseudoscleropodium purum, a moss native to central and western Europe, are well established in western, central, and eastern New York State, mainly in lawns of cemeteries, especially those with moist clayey soil, shade provided by conifers (Picea abies, Thuja occidentalis) in small groves, and periodic mowing. Male and female plants occur in Rensselaer County, New York cemeteries, but not in the same ones. Sporophytes have not been found, and reproduction appears to occur vegetatively as plants are cut and spread during lawn maintenance. If spore production is established within the naturalized range of this moss in the northeastern United States, the species may become more widespread, and possibly invasive. While the date and method of introduction into the State of New York are unknown, a 19th century specimen of P. purum from the West Coast of North America indicates that the moss may have reached that region as packing material in the late-1800's.
%B The Bryologist %V 103 %P 98-103 %G eng %U http://www.jstor.org/stable/3244919 %0 Journal Article %J Rhodora %D 2000 %T First Records of the European Moss, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Naturalized in New England %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Rhodora %V 102 %P 514-517 %G eng %U http://www.jstor.org/stable/23313460 %0 Journal Article %J Arctoa %D 2000 %T Male Plants of Cyrtomnium hymenophylloides (Bryophyta: Mniaceae) in Siberia %A N. G. Miller %A Mogensen, G. S. %K arctic-alpine %K Asian Russia %K Cyrtomnium hymenophylloides %K Lena River Valley %K moss %K Siberia %XMale plants of the arctic-alpine moss Cyrtomnium hymenophylloides are present in a collection of this species from the unglaciated Lena River Valley, Siberia, Asian Russia. Male plants are otherwise known from near or in unglaciated refugia in arctic Canada and Alaska. Female plants are more widespread in northern regions of glaciated North America and Fennoscandia. The differential distribution of male and female plants, and the apparent absence of sporophytes in the few known places were males and females occur together, indicate that there is limited potential of dispersal by spores throughout the range of this moss, and not only in North America as was previously documented.
%B Arctoa %V 9 %P 1-2 %G eng %U http://arctoa.ru/ru/Archive-ru/9/miller.pdf %0 Magazine Article %D 2000 %T Pseudoscleropodium purum, A European Moss Widely Naturalized in New York State %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B New York Flora Association Newsletter %V 11 %P 1-2 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Sida Bot. Misc. %D 2000 %T Web Site and Unpublished Data Sets for the Southeastern Flora %A N. G. Miller %A Arriagada., J. E. %K biology %B Sida Bot. Misc. %V 18 %P 83-96 %G eng %0 Book Section %B The Lamb Site: A Pioneering Clovis Encampment %D 1999 %T Lamb Site Pollen and Macro-fossils %A N. G. Miller %E Gramly, R. M. %K anthropology biology %B The Lamb Site: A Pioneering Clovis Encampment %I Persimmon Press %C Buffalo, New York %P 107, 108 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Geographie Physique et Quaternaire %D 1999 %T Late-Quaternary History of the Alpine Flora of the New Hampshire White Mountains %A N. G. Miller %A Spear, R. W. %K alpine tundra %K alpine zone %K bryophytes %K Lakes of the Clouds %K late- Quaternary distribution %K Mount Washington. %K New Hampshire %K plant macrofossils %K pollen %K vascular plants %K White Mountains %XA distinctive flora of 73 species of vascular plants and numerous bryophytes occurs in the ca. 20 km 2 of alpine tundra in the White Mountains, New Hampshire. The late- Quaternary distribution of these plants, many of which are disjuncts, was investigated by studies of pollen and plant macrofossils from lower Lakes of the Clouds (1 542 m) in the alpine zone of Mount Washington. Results were compared with pollen and macrofossils from lowland late-glacial deposits in western New England. Lowland paleofloras contained fossils of 43 species of vascular plants, 13 of which occur in the contemporary alpine flora of the White Mountains. A majority of species in the paleoflora has geographic affinities to Labrador, northern Québec, and Greenland, a pattern also apparent for mosses in the lowland deposits. The first macrofossils in lower Lakes of the Clouds were arctic-alpine mosses of acid soils. Although open-ground mosses and vascular plants continued to occur throughout the Holocene, indicating that alpine tundra persisted, fossils of a low-elevation moss Hylocomiastrum umbratum are evidence that forest (perhaps as krummholz) covered a greater area near the basin from 7 500 to 3 500 yBP. No calcicolous plants were recovered from sediments at lower Lakes of the Clouds. Climatic constraints on the alpine flora during the Younger Dryas oscillation and perhaps during other cold-climate events and intervening periods of higher temperature may have led to the loss of plant species in the White Mountain alpine zone. Late-glacial floras of lowland western New England were much richer than floras of areas above treeline during late-glacial time and at the present.
%B Geographie Physique et Quaternaire %V 53 %P 137-157 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/004854ar %R 10.7202/004854ar %0 Journal Article %J Haussknechtia Beih. %D 1999 %T Pleurocladula albescens in the Late-Pleistocene of Vermont, U.S.A., and on the Rarity of Hepaticae in Glacial Sediments %A N. G. Miller %K biology paleontology %B Haussknechtia Beih. %V 9 %P 251-257 %G eng %0 Magazine Article %D 1998 %T More on Pyrola minor (Pyrolaceae %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B NYFA (New York Flora Association) Newsletter %V 9 %P 2-4 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society %D 1998 %T Occurrence of the Leafy Liverwort, Frullania bolanderi, in Old-growth Forests of Northeastern North America %A N. G. Miller %A Miller, A. D. %K Frullania bolanderi %K liverwort %K Maine %K New York %K old-growth forests %XMale plants of Cyrtomnium hymenophylloides are described in detail for the first time. They difer from female plants only in gametangial features, particularly in having a splashcup perigonium similar to that of male plants in most dioicous species of Mniaceae. The isomorphic paraphyses of male and female plants are unique within the Mniaceae. Male plants producing
perigonia were found in nine herbarium specimens from parts of northeastern Alaska and arctic Canada that may have served as refugia during the Wisconsinan (Pleistocene) ice-sheet maximum. Female plants are much more common, occurring in arctic Alaska and Canada, Greenland, and southward in the Canadian Rocky Mountains, and in parts of eastern Canada to the Catskill Mountains of New York. No sporophytes have been found in North America and Greenland, and outside this area only one sporophyte is known. Stems of this moss are shown to fragment into leafy pieces of variable size, and the subsequent dispersal of these, and the initiation of new growth from axillary and apical buds, appear to be the principal means of reproduction. We assume that wind is the major dispersal agent in the Arctic, but water and gravity may play a role in local dispersal in forested regions of the northeastern United States where the species displays a relictual distribution.
From various lines of evidence, including handwriting, contemporary correspondence, and study of herbarium specimens, the holotype of Grevilleanum serratum, the name of a moss that dates from 1826, is shown to be a specimen in the Bryophyte Herbarium of the New York State Museum. The holotype of G. serratum is identical taxonomically to Timmia megapolitana Hedwig (1801), making the former name a taxonomic synonym of the latter. The bryological contributions of the authors of G. serratum, L. C. Beck and E. Emmons, are discussed. Beck's bryophyte herbarium, mentioned as the foundation of an evidently completed but unpublished early moss flora of the United States, has been located largely intact but unrecognized as such in the collections of the New York State Museum. Ebenezer Emmons, remembered today mainly for his significant contributions to stratigraphic geology, had only a passing interest in mosses; Lewis Beck, in contrast, worked extensively on mosses between about 1825 and the 1830s, although the results of his studies were largely unpublished.
%B Bryologist %V 100 %P 198-203 %G eng %U http:/doi.org/10.2307/3244049 %R 10.2307/3244049 %0 Magazine Article %D 1997 %T A Rare Moss, Aulacomnium turgidum, Rediscovered in the Adirondacks %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B NYFA (New York Flora Association) Newsletter %V 8 %P 2, 3 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Systematic Botany %D 1997 %T Review of: H.-D. Behnke et al. Progress in Botany/Fortschritte der Botanik %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Systematic Botany %V 20 %P 406, 407 %G eng %0 Magazine Article %D 1996 %T Cyrtomnium hymenophylloides (Hüb.) Nyh. ex T. Kop. [Synonym: Mnium hymenophylloides Hüb.] %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B New York Rare Bryophytes Newsletter %V 4 %P 4-7 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Bryologist %D 1996 %T On the Distributional History of the Arctic-alpine Moss Cyrtomnium hymenophylloides (Mniaceae) in North America. %A N. G. Miller %K biology %XHerbarium specimens of Cyrtomnium hymenophylloides document that this calcicole moss is widespread at lowland stations across the North American Arctic, largely north of treeline. It is found southward in the Rocky Mountains of western Canada, often in high elevation vegetation, and in New York-New England-eastern Canada in mountainous areas, but at lower altitudes beneath deciduous or conifer-deciduous forest. Its southeasternmost disjunct stations, which occur north of the glacial boundary, are interpreted as relicts on the basis of a late-Pleistocene fossil recovered from sediment of glacial Lake Hitchcock, southeastern Vermont. Extant
populations occur near where the fossil was found. Spore production is unknown in North America in this dioicous moss, but its fragile stems may allow local dispersal at edaphically favorable sites and over longer distances in treeless vegetation. The southeasternmost disjunct populations may be clones, the persistence of which is favored by vegetative spread through the proliferation of new leafy branches from portions of the plants growing at or below the surface of the soil.
Collection and research activities in biology at the New York State Museum (NYSM) are centered in the Biological Survey. Its operating funds are set by the governor, the state legislature, and the state education department. Additional funding is provided from grants and the New York State Museum Institute. Operating budgets and staff size between 1973 and 1994 were rather constant or rose somewhat during the first three-fourths of this period, then increased dramatically as a result of special appropriations by the legislature. In recent fiscal years, there were major cuts in the NYSM's operating budget, and the Biological and Geological Surveys were especially targeted for “downsizing.” The museum embarked on a campaign to have the proposed cuts more broadly assigned or the funding restored. The methods used included testimonials to legislators by survey clients and visits by museum staff to explain the benefits of the surveys. The Museum Visiting Committee and the Business and Industry Advisory Council were formed to further ensure support of the surveys. This advocacy emphasized the importance of a clear focus on actual and potential client needs in research and other programs of the surveys, constantly advertising what we do, and broadly-based collaborative projects that make good use of expertise existing in the state. The Biodiversity Research Institute (BRI) was created by legislation in 1993 and placed within the NYSM.
Fresh, liquid-preserved, air-dried, and critical-point dried materials of Splachnum pensylvanicum from New York State, U.S.A., examined by light and scanning electron microscopy, revealed the following. The plants are autoicous; the spores are minutely reticulate; the apophysis is translucent, yellow-green, and wider than the urn when fresh and green but more opaque when dry; the operculum is blunt and rounded when fresh but mamillate when dry; the inner surfaces of peristome teeth are papillose, while the sculpturing of the outer faces is in parallel sinuose rows; the spore sac seems to participate in spore presentation at the mouth of the urn; setae grow about three times in length during spore release; and polysety. Distinctions between this moss and Tetraplodon angustatus in the shape of the capsule and operculuin are clarified. In S. pensylvanicum the apophysis is wider than the urn when fresh but narrower when dry; in T. angustatus it is wider in fresh and dry plants. In S. pensylvanicum the operculum apex is broad and rounded when fresh (and similar to that of T. angustatus) but mamillate when dry. Vegetative leaves of S. pensylvanicum and S. ampullaceum, which are found at the base of the plants often among the rhizoids, are similar in shape and dentation but differ somewhat in areolation and in the degree of tapering toward the leaf base.
%B Hikobia %V 13 %P 471-478 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club %D 1993 %T Modern Research with Bryophytes: An Overview %A N. G. Miller %K bryophyte epiphytes %K fossil phytodebris %K land plant fossils %K molecular systematics %K moss banks %XDescriptions are given of the family and the 2 genera with representatives in the SE USA: Melia (the introduced M. azedarach) and Swietenia (S. mahagoni, native at the southern end of Florida).
%B Journal of the Arnold Arboretum %V 71 %P 453-486 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Current Research in the Pleistocene %D 1990 %T Late-Pleistocene cones of jack pine (Pinus banksiana) at the Hiscock Site, western New York %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Current Research in the Pleistocene %V 7 %P 95-98 %G eng %0 Book Section %B Proceedings of the 15th Annual Natural Areas Conference %D 1990 %T The management of rare plants: Suggestions derived from paleoecological studies of late-Pleistocene floras %A N. G. Miller %E R. S. Mitchell %E C. J. Sheviak %E Leopold, D. J. %K biology paleontology %B Proceedings of the 15th Annual Natural Areas Conference %S New York State Museum Bulletin %I The University of the State of New York %C Albany, New York %P 159-162 %G eng %0 Book Section %B Biological Techniques in Paleoecological Interpretation %D 1990 %T Plant macrofossils %A N. G. Miller %E Morgan, A. V. %K biology paleontology %B Biological Techniques in Paleoecological Interpretation %I Quaternary Sciences Institute. University of Waterloo %C Ontario, %P 30-72 %G eng %0 Magazine Article %D 1989 %T The Generic Flora of the Southeastern United States %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Flora of North America Newsletter %V 3 %P 49 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Bryology %D 1989 %T Late-Pleistocene Anthelia (Hepaticae), an arctic-alpine, snow-bed indicator at a low elevation site in Massachusetts, U.S.A. %A N. G. Miller %K biology paleontology %XA fossil of Anthelia from late-Pleistocene sediments at Tom Swamp, Massachusetts, consisted of a portion of a plant bearing the characteristic three rows of isomorphic, deeply bifid leaves. The fossil Anthelia indicates the existence of areas of late-lying snow in an essentially treeless, late-Pleistocene landscape. Associated bryophyte (mainly moss) and tracheophyte fossils establish the presence of additional hygric and mesic habitat types.
The occurrence of Anthelia and other leafy liverwort fossils in the basal inorganic sediments at Tom Swamp is unusual. Features of these fossils suggest that the translucent quality of some of the fragments and their small size (1 mm or smaller), which relates to fragmentation during transport, diagenesis and extraction (the breakage resulting from a weak middle lamella between the cells), may be reasons for the rarity of Pleistocene and Holocene fossils of liverworts.
%B Journal of Bryology %V 15 %P 583-588 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/jbr.1989.15.3.583 %R 10.1179/jbr.1989.15.3.583 %0 Journal Article %J Rhodora %D 1989 %T Pleistocene and Holocene floras of New England as a framework for interpreting aspects of plant rarity %A N. G. Miller %K biology paleontology %XThe type specimens of Drepanocladus minnesotensis Williams and Neocalliergon integrifolium Williams are shown to be D. aduncus var.kneiffii (B.S.G.) Monk. and Scorpidium scorpioides (Hedw.) Limpr., respectively. These fossils, which were originally obtained from late glacial sediments in Minneapolis, Minnesota, together with other mosses identified from the deposit, indicate that deposition probably took place in a shallow depression filled with calcareous water. Pleistocene mosses from near Bronson, Minnesota, originally namedD. minnesotensis are reidentified as D. aduncus (Hedw.) Warnst. and Calliergon giganteum (Schimp.) Kindb.
%B Brittonia %V 35 %P 87-92 %G eng %U http://link.springer.com/article/10.2307/2806057 %R 10.2307/2806057 %0 Journal Article %J Journal of the Arnold Arboretum %D 1982 %T The Caricaceae in the Southeastern United States %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Journal of the Arnold Arboretum %V 63 %P 411-427 %G eng %U http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9253052 %0 Journal Article %J Beih. Nova Hedwigia %D 1982 %T Extent of exploration in temperate North America; summarizing comments %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Beih. Nova Hedwigia %V 71 %P 467, 468 %G eng %0 Book %B New York State Museum Bulletin %D 1973 %T Late-glacial and Postglacial Vegetation Change in Southwestern New York State %A N. G. Miller %K biology paleontology %B New York State Museum Bulletin %I The University of the State of New York %C Albany, New York %G eng %U http://purl.nysed.gov/nysl/883477