%0 Journal Article %J Harvard Papers in Botany %D 2010 %T Asa Gray and the Development of Bryology in the United States %A N. G. Miller %K André Michaux %K Asa Gray %K Dillenius %K Henry Muhlenberg %K history of botany %K history of bryology %K John Torrey %K Lewis Beck %K Lewis Schweinitz %K Palisot de Beauvois %K William Sullivant %X

Asa Gray never expanded his knowledge of floristic bryology to the extent he developed expertise in flowering plant taxonomy. Nevertheless, he became experienced in bryological floristics early in his botanical career, and Gray absorbed new bryological information, both floristic and conceptual, throughout his life from wherever it was generated. He had plans to advance bryology in the United States, including an exsiccata and publishing a volume devoted to cryptogams as part two of the second edition of his Manual, but both never happened. His respect for the bryological talent and energy of William S. Sullivant, whose achievements Gray consistently encouraged and fostered, allowed Sullivant, a non-academic in Columbus, Ohio, to become a highly regarded bryologist of international stature and the designated Father of American Bryology. The growth of bryofloristic knowledge in the United States is traced from the earliest colonial period to later workers, including Dillenius, André Michaux, Palisot de Beauvois, Henry Muhlenberg, Lewis Schweinitz, Lewis Beck, and John Torrey, to Asa Gray, and eventually to William Sullivant. The bryological work and accomplishments of each of them show that all participated in a sophisticated international network of information exchange by letter or other conveyance, thereby building important collections of bryophyte specimens and printed references. For some, this happened during the 1800s when improvements in compound light microscopy led to the resolution of morphology not before revealed with certainty in bryophytes and to conceptual advances in understanding the biology of these plants, which in turn allowed the discovery of the mesoscale structural uniqueness of them and continuing advancements in their systematics in the post-Sullivant era.

%B Harvard Papers in Botany %V 15 %P 287-304 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.3100/025.015.0208 %R 10.3100/025.015.0208 %0 Journal Article %J Botany %D 2010 %T Introduction and recent range expansion in the moss Ptychomitrium serratum (Ptychomitriaceae) in the Southern and Eastern United States %A N. G. Miller %A Robinson, S. C. %K adventive and naturalized mosses %K calcicole %K concrete and mortar as moss habitat. %K plant introduction history %K species rarity %K spore dispersal %X

The moss Ptychomitrium serratum (C. Müll. Hal. ex Schimp.) Besch., is native to Mexico and parts of western Texas and southern New Mexico, and it is a rare adventive in the area from East Texas and Louisiana to Missouri, Tennessee, South Carolina, and northward to locations near the coast in New York State and Massachusetts. In the adventive part of this calcicole’s range, all collections are from the past 50 years. Concrete, mortar, and rarely asphalt shingle are its only known substrata in this region, which contrasts sharply with its common occurrence on limestone in the native portion of its range. These observations indicate recent, perhaps on-going, immigration into the eastern United States and dispersal from established populations in this region. This monoicous moss commonly produces spores, which are its primary means of spread. Given the low density occurrences in the adventive portion of the range of P. serratum, dispersal may be generally northeastward from Mexico – Texas – New Mexico, following northeastward storm tracks in the southern and eastern United States. The apparently recent spread of this moss does not show obvious reliance on any direct human activity.

%B Botany %V 88 %P 336-344 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/B09-099 %R 10.1139/B09-099 %0 Magazine Article %D 2010 %T Up in the Air: Aerobiological Discoveries at the New York State Museum %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum %V 6 %P 13-15 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Bryologist %D 2009 %T Lichens and Bryophytes of the Alpine and Subalpine Zones of Katahdin, Maine, III: Bryophytes. %A N. G. Miller %K Alpine and subalpine bryofloras %K bryophyte ecology and distribution %K Katahdin %K liverworts %K Maine %K mosses %K northeastern United States and adjacent Canada %K snow bed %X

Field studies on the east side of Mount Katahdin, Maine, from 2001 to 2004, and an appraisal of published and unpublished Katahdin records from previous work documented 203 different bryophytes (131 mosses and 72 liverworts) for subalpine conifer forest, alpine tundra and cirque walls, and krummholz in between. This work represents the only recent investigation of a high altitude bryoflora in the mountains of the northeastern United States. Two mosses (Hygrohypnum smithii, Pohlia tundrae) are new to this region, and six others, including Neckera oligocarpa, are new records for Maine. Investigations of Grimmia (4 spp.), Cynodontium (2 spp.) and Kiaeria (2 spp.) clarified the application of taxonomic concepts for these mosses relative to previous published work. In conjunction with parallel studies of Katahdin lichens, eight habitats were specified for the study area. These habitats were largely the same places as those recognized for lichens. The eight habitats differed in the number of Arctic mosses and in unique occurrences of various mosses and liverworts. Mean Arctic-boreal-cool temperate values, introduced as an analytical tool to evaluate the distributional affinities of Kathadin lichens, were calculated for bryophytes for seven of eight habitats. The mean for each habitat class was well predicted by a multiple regression equation, with altitude, solar gain and snowpack persistence, but not substratum, as independent variables. Upper and lower altitutinal limits of bryophyte species occurrence were determined. The documented presence of Katahdin alpine bryophytes in four other mountain areas in northeastern United States and adjacent Québec, Canada, showed fewer of them in western areas (the high Adirondack Mountains, New York and Mt. Mansfield, Vermont), a possible outcome of increasing oceanic conditions eastward.

%B Bryologist %V 112 %P 704-748 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-112.4.704 %R 10.1639/0007-2745-112.4.704 %0 Journal Article %J Evansia %D 2009 %T The Moss Grimmia muhlenbeckii (Grimmiaceae) is Widespread in Eastern New York %A N. G. Miller %K Grimmia muehlenbeckii %K moss %K New York %X

Grimmia muehlenbeckii, hitherto unrecorded in the bryoflora of New York State, is documented from eight counties in a large part of eastern New York. In this region G. muehlenbeckii grows at low to middle altitude on calcareous, weakly calcareous, and acidic rock, usually on bedrock outcrops that are weathered. The earliest collection from this area dates to 1955.

%B Evansia %V 26 %P 40-44 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1639/0747-9859-26.2.40 %R 10.1639/0747-9859-26.2.40 %0 Journal Article %J Harvard Papers in Botany %D 2009 %T Review of: Hu Ren-liang, Wang You-fang, & Marshall R. Crobsy, Eds.-in-Chief, Si He, Ed., Moss Flora of China, English Version, Volume 7: Amblystegiaceae-Plagiotheciaceae %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Harvard Papers in Botany %V 14 %P 87, 88 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Rhodaria %D 2009 %T Studies of Mosses Adventive and Naturalized in the Northeastern United States %A N. G. Miller %K Funaria %K Kindbergia %K lawn moss %K naturalized bryophytes %K plant introduction %K Pseudoscleropodium %K Rhytidiadelphus %X

Field and herbarium research has revealed three newly recognized introduced and naturalized mosses in the northeastern United States. Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, as that name is often applied in eastern North America, consists of a widespread common native species, R. subpinnatus, a carpet-forming moss of wet conifer and conifer-hardwood forest, and R. squarrosus in the strict sense, an introduced and naturalized moss that appears to be infrequent in eastern North America and restricted to weedy habitats such as lawns. Kindbergia praelonga is documented to occur on Nantucket Island, Massachusetts, in lawns in Nantucket town, indicating that it is a naturalized member of the bryoflora. There may also be native populations of this moss elsewhere in eastern North America, but this is unconfirmed. A moss of the southeastern and midwestern United States, Funaria flavicans, has been found with mature sporophytes in flower pots at a retail nursery on Nantucket Island in circumstances indicating it is an adventive. It may be a waif, or possibly a member of the naturalized bryoflora of Massachusetts, if in the future populations outside cultivation are found. New occurrences of a European moss, Psuedoscleropodium purum, from Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and in other places in eastern North America (Nova Scotia and North Carolina) add substantially to the previously known distribution of this moss. These new collections were in part from residential lawns and similar habitats outside of cemeteries where most of the previously known occurrences were concentrated, which may indicate that this moss is spreading.

%B Rhodaria %V 111 %P 218-230 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.3119/08-7.1 %R 10.3119/08-7.1 %0 Book Section %B Island Life, A Catalog of the Biodiversity On and Around Martha's Vineyard %D 2008 %T The Bryoflora of Martha's Vineyard %A N. G. Miller %E Keith, A. R. %E Spongberg, S. A. %K biology %B Island Life, A Catalog of the Biodiversity On and Around Martha's Vineyard %I Marine Biological Laboratories %C Woods Hole, Massachusetts %P 149-158 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Evansia %D 2008 %T Bryological Results of the 31st A. L. Andrews Foray in Rhode Island %A N. G. Miller %A Buck, W. R. %K bryophytes %K moss %K Rhode Island %X

A bryological inventory of four natural areas in northeastern and southern Rhode Island documented
the presence of 97 mosses (including 13 peat mosses) and 21 liverworts. While no modern checklist
of Rhode Island bryophytes exists, the list of the species found is a starting point for further exploration
and documentation of the bryoflora of this New England State.

%B Evansia %V 25 %P 47-52 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1639/0747-9859-25.2.47 %R 10.1639/0747-9859-25.2.47 %0 Journal Article %J Evansia %D 2008 %T Bryum tenuisetum and B. violaceum, Mosses with Rhizoid Tubers New to New England, U.S.A %A N. G. Miller %K bryophytes %K Bryum tenuisetum %K Bryum violaceum %K rhizoid-tuber-bearing mosses %X

The rhizoid-tuber-bearing mosses, Bryum tenuisetum and B. violaceum, have been found on Nantucket Island, Massachusetts, on acidic sandy soil in areas of anthropogenic disturbance. Neither one has evidently been reported before for New England, and they are known only from a few places elsewhere in eastern North America. The plants of B. violaceum had strongly papillose rhizoids (vs. smooth according to descriptions of plants from elsewhere) but agree with other collections in various diagnostic characteristics. Plants in both collections were without sporophytes, which is typical of these dioicous bryums.

%B Evansia %V 25 %P 57-61 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1639/0747-9859-25.3.57 %R 10.1639/0747-9859-25.3.57 %0 Report %D 2008 %T The Cohoes Mastodon and Younger Dryas in Eastern New York %A N. G. Miller %E De Simone, D. J. %E Wall, G. R. %E N. G. Miller %E Rayburn, J. A. %E A. L. Kozlowski %K paleontology %B Glacial Geology of the Northern Hudson Through Southern Champlain lowlands. Guidebook to Field Trips. %C Glens Falls, New York %P 19-25 %G eng %0 Book Section %B Mastodon Paleobiology, Taphonomy, and Paleoenvironment in the Late Pleistocene of New York State: studies on the Hyde Park, Chemung, and North Java Sites %D 2008 %T Contemporary and Prior Environments of the Hyde Park, New York, Mastodon, on the Basis of Associated Plant Macrofossils %A N. G. Miller %E Allmon, W. D. %E Nester, P. L. %K biology paleontology %B Mastodon Paleobiology, Taphonomy, and Paleoenvironment in the Late Pleistocene of New York State: studies on the Hyde Park, Chemung, and North Java Sites %S Palaeontographica Americana %I Paleontological Research Institute %C Ithaca, New York %P 151-181 %G eng %0 Magazine Article %D 2008 %T A Look Back: Bryologist Lewis Caleb Beck %A N. G. Miller %K biology history %B Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum %V 4 %P 14 %G eng %0 Magazine Article %D 2006 %T More on Mastodons and Their Extinction %A N. G. Miller %K biology paleontology %B Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum %V 2 %P 4-5 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J GSA Special Publications %D 2006 %T Paleoecology of a late Pleistocene Wetland and Associated Mastodon Remains in the Hudson Valley, Southeastern New York State %A N. G. Miller %A Nester, P. L. %K calcareous wetland %K late Pleistocene %K mastodon %K New York %K paleoecology %K plant macrofossils %X

Late Quaternary history and paleoecology of a small oxbow wetland on glaciated terrain were investigated using sediment lithology (cores, bulk samples, backhoedug trenches), ground-penetrating radar, vascular plant and moss macrofossil stratigraphies, and accelerator mass spectrometric radiocarbon dating. A nearly complete mastodon skeleton was recovered from late Pleistocene detrital peat and peaty marl near the top of the sediment sequence. Sedimentation in the basin began with silt and clay over dense cobble outwash transported southward from the nearby Hyde Park Moraine. Overbank sediment deposition occurred between ∼13,000 and 12,220 yr B.P. during a period of tundra vegetation, which ended with a sharp rise in spruce needle abundance and a shift to autochthonous marl and finally peat deposition. Fossils of aquatic and wetland plants began to accumulate before the tundra-spruce transition and increased after it. Rich fen wetland began to infill the pond with peat, while the upland supported open white spruce and later white spruce–balsam fir–tamarack forest. The mastodon, 11,480 ± 40 radiocarbon years old, was contemporaneous with spruce–balsam fir–tamarack forest and rich fen wetland. Many mastodon bones were articulated or nearly so, indicating that the animal died in the basin and that postmortem bone dispersal was slight.

%B GSA Special Publications %V 399 %P 291-304 %G eng %U http://specialpapers.gsapubs.org/content/399/291.abstract %0 Journal Article %J Rhodora %D 2006 %T Review of: Maine Mosses, SphagnaceaeTimmiaceae, by Bruce Allen %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Rhodora %V 108 %P 184-187 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Bryologist %D 2006 %T Review of: Moosflora, 4. Neubearbietete und erweiterte Auflage, by J-P. Frahm & W. Frey %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Bryologist %V 109 %P 423, 424 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Rhodora %D 2005 %T The Bryoflora of Mt. Everett, Taconic Mountains, Massachusetts %A N. G. Miller %K Berkshires %K bryophytes %K liverworts %K Massachusetts %K mosses %K Mt. Everett %K Mt. Greylock %K pine barrens %K pitch pine %K Taconic Mountains %X

An inventory of the bryophyte flora of Mt. Everett and vicinity, southwestern Massachusetts, a 795 m mountain with an unusual dwarf Pinus rigida (pitch pine) summit forest, produced records for 109 mosses and 45 liverworts (153 species and one variety). The summit pine vegetation contained some bryophytes known to occur in lowland pitch pine forest elsewhere in the northeastern United States, but no species unique to this vegetation type. Some species more characteristic of higher elevation mountains with red spruce-balsam fir forest in the northeastern United States were present in the summit and subsummit areas of Mt. Everett, especially the latter. These azonal northern bryophytes may be descendents of populations of species that were more abundant in the past. Species richness on the mountain increased from summit to lowland, and the subsummit area contained more species than the summit forest area. Substantial differences exist between the bryofloras of Mt. Everett and Mt. Greylock, Massachusetts, 70 km to the north, reflecting edaphic and climatic dissimilarities between the two areas. Bryum flaccidum, Plagiomnium medium, Pseudotaxiphyllum distichaceum, and Sphagnum quinquefarium, on the basis of collections from Mt. Everett and vicinity, are added to the flora of Massachusetts.

%B Rhodora %V 107 %P 34-51 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.3119/04-13.1 %R 10.3119/04-13.1 %0 Journal Article %J Rhodora %D 2005 %T Bryophytes and Lichens of a Calcium-Rich Spring Seep Isolated on the Granitic Terrain of Mt. Katahdin, Maine, U.S.A %A N. G. Miller %A Fryday, A. M. %A Hinds, J. W. %K Base-rich spring seep %K bryophytes %K calcicole %K lichens %K Maine %K microrefugia %K Mt. Katahdin %K rich fen %X

An unexpected concentration of calcicole mosses and lichens has been discovered at and near a small spring seep on the granite headwall of the North Basin of Mt. Katahdin, Piscataquis County, Maine. Water samples from the spring were circumneutral and high in calcium ion content, whereas other springs, ponds, and streams on the mountain tested acidic and low in calcium. Because the Katahdin granite contains no primary carbonate minerals, it is suggested that the source of calcium enrichment in the North Basin spring water is secondary calcium carbonate (calcite) precipitated in cavities and fractures near the base of the upper Katahdin granite and its subsequent dissolution and mobilization by percolating groundwater. Plagioclase, epidote, and other calcic minerals in the granite supply the primary calcium ions. The moss calcicoles grew in small discontinuous patches on wet humified peaty soil over alpine bedrock ledges in communities having floristics and water chemistry similar to lowland rich fens. Present in or near the seep were mosses previously unrecorded for New England or Maine [Loeskypnum wickesiae (Grout) Tuom., Neckera oligocarpa Bruch in Hartm., Pseudoleskea radicosa (Mitt.) Mac. & Kindb., Tortella tortuosa var. fragilifolia (Jur.) Limpr., Warnstorfia sarmentosa (Wahlenb.) Hedenäs], one lichen [Hymenelia cyanocarpa (Anzi) Lutzoni], reported here for the first time from North America, and another lichen (Thelidium minutulum Körb.) for the first time from the contiguous United States. An area adjacent to the seep, but unaffected by calcareous seep-water, was remarkable for a concentration of rare lichen species of acidic rocks, including Catillaria contristans (Nyl.) Zahlbr. and Lecanora caesiosora Poelt, that have not previously been reported from North America. The bryophyte and lichen flora of the seep area is an example of a Holocene alpine microrefugium. Refugia such as these can serve as a source of propagules that allow new populations to establish elsewhere in mountainous terrain, or beyond, during climatic and other environmental change. Therefore, extant, cryptic microrefugia are important biogeographically and especially worthy of preservation efforts.

%B Rhodora %V 107 %P 339-358 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.3119/05-7.1 %R 10.3119/05-7.1 %0 Book Section %B The Encyclopedia of New York State %D 2005 %T Flora and Vegetation %A N. G. Miller %E Eisenstadt, P. %E L. E-. Moss %K biology %B The Encyclopedia of New York State %I Syracuse University Press %C Syracuse, NY %P 573-574 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Evansia %D 2004 %T Additions to the Liverwort Flora of Connecticut %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Evansia %V 21 %P 141-144 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J American Journal of Botany %D 2004 %T Bryophyte Dispersal Inferred from Colonization of an Introduced Substratum on Whiteface Mountain, New York %A N. G. Miller %A McDaniel, S. F. %K Adirondack Mountains %K bryophyte %K calcicole %K calcium carbonate substrata %K Long-distance dispersal %K ruderal %X

A long-standing debate in bryophyte biogeography concerns the frequency of long-distance spore dispersal. The diversity of bryophytes on mortared rock walls along the Veterans Memorial Highway on Whiteface Mountain, New York, USA, was studied to document the recruitment of species over the 65 years since the highway was constructed. The highway is situated in the Adirondack Mountains, a relatively unpopulated region with a largely acidic flora. The introduction of mortar has increased the bryophyte diversity by 50% above that of native lithic substrata on the mountain. The composition of the native and mortar floras differed greatly, suggesting that the walls were not colonized by locally abundant ruderal species. Many of the species sampled on the walls are typically found only in lower elevation forested sites, distant (∼5 km or more) from the highway, and not on anthropogenic calcium carbonate. These results suggest that a bryophyte community consisting of common and uncommon species assembled from distant sites at the rate of at least one species per year in the last 65 years. These data provide the ecological context for experimental and phylogeographic studies and suggest that some bryophytes may be capable of routine dispersal over distances of at least 5 km.

%B American Journal of Botany %V 91 %P 1173-1182 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.3732/ajb.91.8.1173 %R 10.3732/ajb.91.8.1173 %0 Journal Article %J Rhodora %D 2003 %T The Asian Weed Fatoua villosa (Moraceae) in New York State and Massachusetts %A N. G. Miller %A C. E. Wood Jr. %K biology %B Rhodora %V 105 %P 286-291 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Bul. Buffalo Soc. of Natural Sciences %D 2003 %T Extending the Paleobotanical Record at the Hiscock Site, New York: Correlations Among Stratigraphic Pollen Assemblages from Nearby Lake and Wetland Basins %A N. G. Miller %A Futyma, R. P. %K biology paleontology %B Bul. Buffalo Soc. of Natural Sciences %V 37 %P 43-62 %G eng %0 Book Section %B Natural History of the Albany Pine Bush %D 2003 %T The Pine Bush Bryophyte Flora %A N. G. Miller %A L. Leonardi %E Barnes, J. K. %K biology %B Natural History of the Albany Pine Bush %S New York State Museum Bulletin %I The University of the State of New York %C Albany, New York %P 35- 36 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Rhodora %D 2002 %T Aneura maxima (Hepaticae:Aneuraceae) in Maine, U.S.A %A N. G. Miller %K biology %X

Aneura maxima (Schiffn.) Steph. Maine: Kennebec Co., Mud Pond, ca. 5 km SW of Litchfield along Highway 126, 44°12'N,
69°58'W, bottom of an animal run over wet peat, minerotrophic edge of fen mat near pond, 19 Sep 1987, Miller 9497 (nys).

%B Rhodora %V 104 %P 77-82 %G eng %U http://www.jstor.org/stable/23313549 %0 Magazine Article %D 2001 %T Jack Pine at 4000 feet in the Giant Mountain Wilderness Area, Adirondack Mountains, New York %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B New York Flora Association Newsletter %V 12 %P 1-3 %G eng %0 Magazine Article %D 2001 %T Recent Bryological Studies of Adirondack Mountain Alpine Summits %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Newsletter of the Friends of the Farlow, Havard University %V 38 %P 1-3 %G eng %0 Magazine Article %D 2001 %T Tales from the field: North to Tundra and ice-Kalaallit Nunaat (Greenland) %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Members Update %V 11 %P 7 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Harvard Papers in Botany %D 2000 %T The Callitrichaceae in the Southeastern United States %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Harvard Papers in Botany %V 5 %P 277-301 %G eng %U http://www.jstor.org/stable/41761610 %0 Journal Article %J The Bryologist %D 2000 %T A European Feather Moss, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Naturalized Widely in New York State in Cemeteries %A N. G. Miller %A Trigoboff, N. %K moss %K naturalizing %K New York %X

Plants of Pseudoscleropodium purum, a moss native to central and western Europe, are well established in western, central, and eastern New York State, mainly in lawns of cemeteries, especially those with moist clayey soil, shade provided by conifers (Picea abies, Thuja occidentalis) in small groves, and periodic mowing. Male and female plants occur in Rensselaer County, New York cemeteries, but not in the same ones. Sporophytes have not been found, and reproduction appears to occur vegetatively as plants are cut and spread during lawn maintenance. If spore production is established within the naturalized range of this moss in the northeastern United States, the species may become more widespread, and possibly invasive. While the date and method of introduction into the State of New York are unknown, a 19th century specimen of P. purum from the West Coast of North America indicates that the moss may have reached that region as packing material in the late-1800's.

%B The Bryologist %V 103 %P 98-103 %G eng %U http://www.jstor.org/stable/3244919 %0 Journal Article %J Rhodora %D 2000 %T First Records of the European Moss, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Naturalized in New England %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Rhodora %V 102 %P 514-517 %G eng %U http://www.jstor.org/stable/23313460 %0 Journal Article %J Arctoa %D 2000 %T Male Plants of Cyrtomnium hymenophylloides (Bryophyta: Mniaceae) in Siberia %A N. G. Miller %A Mogensen, G. S. %K arctic-alpine %K Asian Russia %K Cyrtomnium hymenophylloides %K Lena River Valley %K moss %K Siberia %X

Male plants of the arctic-alpine moss Cyrtomnium hymenophylloides are present in a collection of this species from the unglaciated Lena River Valley, Siberia, Asian Russia. Male plants are otherwise known from near or in unglaciated refugia in arctic Canada and Alaska. Female plants are more widespread in northern regions of glaciated North America and Fennoscandia. The differential distribution of male and female plants, and the apparent absence of sporophytes in the few known places were males and females occur together, indicate that there is limited potential of dispersal by spores throughout the range of this moss, and not only in North America as was previously documented.

%B Arctoa %V 9 %P 1-2 %G eng %U http://arctoa.ru/ru/Archive-ru/9/miller.pdf %0 Magazine Article %D 2000 %T Pseudoscleropodium purum, A European Moss Widely Naturalized in New York State %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B New York Flora Association Newsletter %V 11 %P 1-2 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Sida Bot. Misc. %D 2000 %T Web Site and Unpublished Data Sets for the Southeastern Flora %A N. G. Miller %A Arriagada., J. E. %K biology %B Sida Bot. Misc. %V 18 %P 83-96 %G eng %0 Book Section %B The Lamb Site: A Pioneering Clovis Encampment %D 1999 %T Lamb Site Pollen and Macro-fossils %A N. G. Miller %E Gramly, R. M. %K anthropology biology %B The Lamb Site: A Pioneering Clovis Encampment %I Persimmon Press %C Buffalo, New York %P 107, 108 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Geographie Physique et Quaternaire %D 1999 %T Late-Quaternary History of the Alpine Flora of the New Hampshire White Mountains %A N. G. Miller %A Spear, R. W. %K alpine tundra %K alpine zone %K bryophytes %K Lakes of the Clouds %K late- Quaternary distribution %K Mount Washington. %K New Hampshire %K plant macrofossils %K pollen %K vascular plants %K White Mountains %X

A distinctive flora of 73 species of vascular plants and numerous bryophytes occurs in the ca. 20 km 2 of alpine tundra in the White Mountains, New Hampshire. The late- Quaternary distribution of these plants, many of which are disjuncts, was investigated by studies of pollen and plant macrofossils from lower Lakes of the Clouds (1 542 m) in the alpine zone of Mount Washington. Results were compared with pollen and macrofossils from lowland late-glacial deposits in western New England. Lowland paleofloras contained fossils of 43 species of vascular plants, 13 of which occur in the contemporary alpine flora of the White Mountains. A majority of species in the paleoflora has geographic affinities to Labrador, northern Québec, and Greenland, a pattern also apparent for mosses in the lowland deposits. The first macrofossils in lower Lakes of the Clouds were arctic-alpine mosses of acid soils. Although open-ground mosses and vascular plants continued to occur throughout the Holocene, indicating that alpine tundra persisted, fossils of a low-elevation moss Hylocomiastrum umbratum are evidence that forest (perhaps as krummholz) covered a greater area near the basin from 7 500 to 3 500 yBP. No calcicolous plants were recovered from sediments at lower Lakes of the Clouds. Climatic constraints on the alpine flora during the Younger Dryas oscillation and perhaps during other cold-climate events and intervening periods of higher temperature may have led to the loss of plant species in the White Mountain alpine zone. Late-glacial floras of lowland western New England were much richer than floras of areas above treeline during late-glacial time and at the present.

%B Geographie Physique et Quaternaire %V 53 %P 137-157 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/004854ar %R 10.7202/004854ar %0 Journal Article %J Haussknechtia Beih. %D 1999 %T Pleurocladula albescens in the Late-Pleistocene of Vermont, U.S.A., and on the Rarity of Hepaticae in Glacial Sediments %A N. G. Miller %K biology paleontology %B Haussknechtia Beih. %V 9 %P 251-257 %G eng %0 Magazine Article %D 1998 %T More on Pyrola minor (Pyrolaceae %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B NYFA (New York Flora Association) Newsletter %V 9 %P 2-4 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society %D 1998 %T Occurrence of the Leafy Liverwort, Frullania bolanderi, in Old-growth Forests of Northeastern North America %A N. G. Miller %A Miller, A. D. %K Frullania bolanderi %K liverwort %K Maine %K New York %K old-growth forests %X
Populations of Frullania bolanderi were discovered on trunks of deciduous treesin an oak-northern hardwoods transitional forest in eastern New York State and a coastal spruce-balsam fir forest in northeastern Maine where this epiphyte, a rarity in eastern North America, was previously unknown. The New York station is in a selectively cut, old-growth remnant that survived from the onset of Euro-American settlement (late 1700s) surrounded by agricultural land for many of the ensuing years. Secondary forest developed later around the remnant as farming declined, beginning early in the 20th century. The forest in which F. bolanderi occurs in Maine was never cleared for agriculture, but conifers were harvested from it at least twice in the 20th century. These new data suggest that forest removal during settlement may explain the rarity of this plant in at least parts of the northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. It is a potential indicator species of old-growth forest in this region. Study of herbarium specimens establishes that F. bolanderi does not occur in Ohio as previously reported. New stations for it are cited for southern Quebec in the old-growth northern hardwoods forest of the Mont Saint Hilaire Biosphere Reserve near Montreal.
%B Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society %V 125 %P 109-116 %G eng %U http:/doi.org/10.2307/2997298 %R 10.2307/2997298 %0 Journal Article %J Evansia %D 1997 %T Books for Beginners in Bryology %A N. G. Miller %A Buck, W. R. %K biology %B Evansia %V 14 %P 109-122 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Bryologist %D 1997 %T Cyrtomnium hymenophylloides (Bryophyta, Mniaceae) in North America and Greenland: Male Plants, Sex-differential Geographic Distribution, and Reproductive Characteristics %A N. G. Miller %A Mogensen, G. S. %K biology %X

Male plants of Cyrtomnium hymenophylloides are described in detail for the first time. They difer from female plants only in gametangial features, particularly in having a splashcup perigonium similar to that of male plants in most dioicous species of Mniaceae. The isomorphic paraphyses of male and female plants are unique within the Mniaceae. Male plants producing
perigonia were found in nine herbarium specimens from parts of northeastern Alaska and arctic Canada that may have served as refugia during the Wisconsinan (Pleistocene) ice-sheet maximum. Female plants are much more common, occurring in arctic Alaska and Canada, Greenland, and southward in the Canadian Rocky Mountains, and in parts of eastern Canada to the Catskill Mountains of New York. No sporophytes have been found in North America and Greenland, and outside this area only one sporophyte is known. Stems of this moss are shown to fragment into leafy pieces of variable size, and the subsequent dispersal of these, and the initiation of new growth from axillary and apical buds, appear to be the principal means of reproduction. We assume that wind is the major dispersal agent in the Arctic, but water and gravity may play a role in local dispersal in forested regions of the northeastern United States where the species displays a relictual distribution.

%B Bryologist %V 100 %P 499-506 %G eng %U http://doi.org/10.2307/3244412 %R 10.2307/3244412 %0 Journal Article %J Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory %D 1997 %T Fossil Mosses in Holocene Alluvium: A Case study from New York State and Prospects %A N. G. Miller %K biology paleontology %B Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory %V 81 %P 171-180 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Bryologist %D 1997 %T Nomenclatural Status of the Moss Grevilleanum serratum, With Notes on the Early 18th Century American scientists, L. C. Beck and E. Emmons, Senior %A N. G. Miller %A McKinley, D. %K biology %X

From various lines of evidence, including handwriting, contemporary correspondence, and study of herbarium specimens, the holotype of Grevilleanum serratum, the name of a moss that dates from 1826, is shown to be a specimen in the Bryophyte Herbarium of the New York State Museum. The holotype of G. serratum is identical taxonomically to Timmia megapolitana Hedwig (1801), making the former name a taxonomic synonym of the latter. The bryological contributions of the authors of G. serratum, L. C. Beck and E. Emmons, are discussed. Beck's bryophyte herbarium, mentioned as the foundation of an evidently completed but unpublished early moss flora of the United States, has been located largely intact but unrecognized as such in the collections of the New York State Museum. Ebenezer Emmons, remembered today mainly for his significant contributions to stratigraphic geology, had only a passing interest in mosses; Lewis Beck, in contrast, worked extensively on mosses between about 1825 and the 1830s, although the results of his studies were largely unpublished.

%B Bryologist %V 100 %P 198-203 %G eng %U http:/doi.org/10.2307/3244049 %R 10.2307/3244049 %0 Magazine Article %D 1997 %T A Rare Moss, Aulacomnium turgidum, Rediscovered in the Adirondacks %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B NYFA (New York Flora Association) Newsletter %V 8 %P 2, 3 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Systematic Botany %D 1997 %T Review of: H.-D. Behnke et al. Progress in Botany/Fortschritte der Botanik %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Systematic Botany %V 20 %P 406, 407 %G eng %0 Magazine Article %D 1996 %T Cyrtomnium hymenophylloides (Hüb.) Nyh. ex T. Kop. [Synonym: Mnium hymenophylloides Hüb.] %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B New York Rare Bryophytes Newsletter %V 4 %P 4-7 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Bryologist %D 1996 %T On the Distributional History of the Arctic-alpine Moss Cyrtomnium hymenophylloides (Mniaceae) in North America. %A N. G. Miller %K biology %X

Herbarium specimens of Cyrtomnium hymenophylloides document that this calcicole moss is widespread at lowland stations across the North American Arctic, largely north of treeline. It is found southward in the Rocky Mountains of western Canada, often in high elevation vegetation, and in New York-New England-eastern Canada in mountainous areas, but at lower altitudes beneath deciduous or conifer-deciduous forest. Its southeasternmost disjunct stations, which occur north of the glacial boundary, are interpreted as relicts on the basis of a late-Pleistocene fossil recovered from sediment of glacial Lake Hitchcock, southeastern Vermont. Extant
populations occur near where the fossil was found. Spore production is unknown in North America in this dioicous moss, but its fragile stems may allow local dispersal at edaphically favorable sites and over longer distances in treeless vegetation. The southeasternmost disjunct populations may be clones, the persistence of which is favored by vegetative spread through the proliferation of new leafy branches from portions of the plants growing at or below the surface of the soil.

%B Bryologist %V 99 %P 187-192 %G eng %U http://www.jstor.org/stable/3244547 %R 10.2307/3244547 %0 Book Section %B Biological Diversity in Maine: An Assessment of Status and Trends in the Terrestrial and Freshwater Landscape %D 1996 %T Liverwort Diversity in Maine %A N. G. Miller %E Gawler, S. C. %E Albright, J. J. %E Vickery, P. D. %E Smith, F. C. %K biology %B Biological Diversity in Maine: An Assessment of Status and Trends in the Terrestrial and Freshwater Landscape %I Maine Natural Areas Program %P 72-79 %G eng %0 Book Section %B Biological Diversity in Maine: An Assessment of Status and Trends in the Terrestrial and Freshwater Landscape %D 1996 %T Liverworts %A N. G. Miller %E Gawler, S. C. %E Albright, J. J. %E Vickery, P. D. %E Smith, F. C. %K biology %B Biological Diversity in Maine: An Assessment of Status and Trends in the Terrestrial and Freshwater Landscape %I Maine Natural Areas Program %P 18-19 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Bryologist %D 1996 %T Review of: A. K. Bahrensmeyer et al. Terrestrial Ecosystems Through Time %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Bryologist %V 99 %P 483-484 %G eng %0 Magazine Article %D 1996 %T Review of E. H. Ketchledge. Forests and Trees of the Adirondack High Peaks Region, ed. 3. %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B NYFA (New York Flora Association) Newsletter %V 8 %P 3, 4 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Clintonia %D 1996 %T Review of: R. H. Zander. The genera of pottiaceae, mosses of harsh environments %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Clintonia %V 11 %P 5 %G eng %0 Magazine Article %D 1995 %T ASC Membership and Dues Categories Reviewed %A N. G. Miller %A Hoagland, K. E. %K biology %B Association of Systematics Collections Newsletter %V 23 %P 23-25 %G eng %0 Magazine Article %D 1995 %T Consolida regalis S. Gray Naturalized in Genesee County, New York %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B NYFA (New York Flora Association) Newsletter %V 6 %P 6, 7 %G eng %0 Book Section %B Our Living Resources: A Report to the Nation on the Distribution, Abundance, and Health of U.S. Plants, Animals, and Ecosystems %D 1995 %T Tracking the Mosses and Vascular Plants of New York State (1836-1994) %A N. G. Miller %A R. S. Mitchell %E LaRoe, E. T. %E Farris, G. S. %E Puckett, C. E. %E Doran, D. P. %E Mac, M. J. %K biology %B Our Living Resources: A Report to the Nation on the Distribution, Abundance, and Health of U.S. Plants, Animals, and Ecosystems %I U.S. Department of the Interior %C Washington, D.C. %P 209-21 %G eng %0 Magazine Article %D 1994 %T The Consortium of State Biological Surveys %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Association of Systematics Collections Newsletter %V 22 %P 6, 7 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Curator %D 1994 %T Facing up to budgetary challenges at the Biological Survey, New York State Museum %A N. G. Miller %K biology %X

Collection and research activities in biology at the New York State Museum (NYSM) are centered in the Biological Survey. Its operating funds are set by the governor, the state legislature, and the state education department. Additional funding is provided from grants and the New York State Museum Institute. Operating budgets and staff size between 1973 and 1994 were rather constant or rose somewhat during the first three-fourths of this period, then increased dramatically as a result of special appropriations by the legislature. In recent fiscal years, there were major cuts in the NYSM's operating budget, and the Biological and Geological Surveys were especially targeted for “downsizing.” The museum embarked on a campaign to have the proposed cuts more broadly assigned or the funding restored. The methods used included testimonials to legislators by survey clients and visits by museum staff to explain the benefits of the surveys. The Museum Visiting Committee and the Business and Industry Advisory Council were formed to further ensure support of the surveys. This advocacy emphasized the importance of a clear focus on actual and potential client needs in research and other programs of the surveys, constantly advertising what we do, and broadly-based collaborative projects that make good use of expertise existing in the state. The Biodiversity Research Institute (BRI) was created by legislation in 1993 and placed within the NYSM.

%B Curator %V 37 %P 108-121 %G eng %U http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.2151-6952.1994.tb01014.x/abstract %R 10.1111/j.2151-6952.1994.tb01014.x %0 Magazine Article %D 1994 %T Heterocladium dimorphum (Brid.) Schimp. in B.S.G. [Synonym: H. squarrosulum (Voit) Lindb.]. %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B New York Rare Bryophytes Newsletter %V 3 %P 1-5. %G eng %0 Journal Article %J The Bryological Times %D 1994 %T Male plants of Cyrtomnium hymenophylloides? %A N. G. Miller %A Mogensen, G. S. %K biology %B The Bryological Times %V 77 %P 7 %G eng %0 Book Section %B Natural Areas of Rensselaer County, New York %D 1994 %T Natural History of Rensselaer County [New York] %A N. G. Miller %E Schmitt, C. K. %K biology %B Natural Areas of Rensselaer County, New York %I Rensselaer-Taconic Land Conservancy, Inc.; and Environmental Clearing House of Schenectady, Inc. %C , New York %P 5-24 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Hikobia %D 1994 %T A study of the moss Splachnum pensylvanicum using scanning electron microscopy %A N. G. Miller %K biology %X

Fresh, liquid-preserved, air-dried, and critical-point dried materials of Splachnum pensylvanicum from New York State, U.S.A., examined by light and scanning electron microscopy, revealed the following. The plants are autoicous; the spores are minutely reticulate; the apophysis is translucent, yellow-green, and wider than the urn when fresh and green but more opaque when dry; the operculum is blunt and rounded when fresh but mamillate when dry; the inner surfaces of peristome teeth are papillose, while the sculpturing of the outer faces is in parallel sinuose rows; the spore sac seems to participate in spore presentation at the mouth of the urn; setae grow about three times in length during spore release; and polysety. Distinctions between this moss and Tetraplodon angustatus in the shape of the capsule and operculuin are clarified. In S. pensylvanicum the apophysis is wider than the urn when fresh but narrower when dry; in T. angustatus it is wider in fresh and dry plants. In S. pensylvanicum the operculum apex is broad and rounded when fresh (and similar to that of T. angustatus) but mamillate when dry. Vegetative leaves of S. pensylvanicum and S. ampullaceum, which are found at the base of the plants often among the rhizoids, are similar in shape and dentation but differ somewhat in areolation and in the degree of tapering toward the leaf base.

%B Hikobia %V 13 %P 471-478 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club %D 1993 %T Modern Research with Bryophytes: An Overview %A N. G. Miller %K bryophyte epiphytes %K fossil phytodebris %K land plant fossils %K molecular systematics %K moss banks %X
The idea that bryophytes form a truly ancient lineage of plants rests upon inadequate fossil evidence of their presumed lower Paleozoic origins from Charalean-like or Coleochaetalean-like algae. In this regard a special challenge is the unequivocal interpretation of the biphasic life cycle of bryophyte-like plant fossils. Unique among land plants in having a dominant gametophyte phase, bryophytes present opportunities for a broad array of research not readily undertaken in sporophyte-dominated organisms. This is enhanced by the ease with which bryophytes in culture can be manipulated experimentally and subjected to analytical testing. Such attributes have permitted numerous recent advances in what is known about the cell biology and physiology of this group of plants. Progress is also evident in deciphering the natural products chemistry of bryophytes. Of far reaching importance are recent advancements in understanding speciation and genetic diversity within species. Where bryophytes are vegetation dominants (e.g., polar, arctic, and boreal regions, and low latitude-high elevation forests), the importance of research involving these organisms will increase in proportion to environmental pressures created by the expanding human population and its agricultural and industrial base.
%B Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club %V 25 %P 1-10 %G eng %U http://www.jstor.org/stable/43390659 %N 1 %0 Journal Article %J Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory %D 1993 %T New Late-Pleistocene Moss Assemblages from New England, U.S.A., and Their Bearing on the Migrational History of the North American Moss Flora %A N. G. Miller %K biology paleontology %B Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory %V 75 %P 235-248 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Contributions from University of Michigan Herbarium %D 1992 %T A Contribution Toward a History of the Arctic Moss Flora %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Contributions from University of Michigan Herbarium %V 18 %P 73-86 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Quaternary Research %D 1992 %T Paleoecological interpretation and age of an interstadial lake bed in western New York. %A N. G. Miller %A Calkin, P. E. %K biology %X
Pollen assemblages from a 6.6-m exposure of Pleistocene lake silt in central western New York consist of anomalous mixtures dominated by spruce, pine, and sedge but with a significant representation of deciduous forest elements. Leaves of Dryas integrifolia and plants of the terrestrial moss Distichium from the lake silt yielded AMS ages of 24,900 ± 1000 and 24,180 ± 900 yr B.P., indicating that the silt was deposited during the middle Wisconsinan Plum Point interstade and that the pollen of beech, hickory, and other deciduous trees was recycled from an interglacial deposit. Caution therefore must be exercised in the paleoecological interpretation of interstadial lake deposits. Plant macrofossil assemblages (seeds, fruits, mosses) from the silt also probably are mixtures of primary and secondary fossils. Scanning electron microscopy of surface features of fruits and seeds revealed two classes of preservation. The best-preserved fossils had intact surface microfeatures and are considered of primary origin. Those with the outer cell layer degraded or absent probably have been recycled. The distributions of species represented in the latter category center on the Great Lakes region and southward, whereas those of the primary fossils are more northern and indicate tundra and spruce-jack pine forest. The late Wisconsinan Kent ice margin advanced across central western New York after ca. 24,500 yr B.P. into a mosaic of tundra and conifer forest.
%B Quaternary Research %V 35 %P 75-88 %G eng %U http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0033589492900076 %R 10.1016/0033-5894(92)90007-6 %0 Report %D 1991 %T Combined Biennial Reports for 1987-1988 and 1989-1990, Biological Survey %A N. G. Miller %A Barnes, J. K. %K biology %C Albany, New York %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Bryologist %D 1991 %T Review of: C. B. McQueen. Field Guide to the Peat Mosses of Boreal North America %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Bryologist %V 94 %P 129 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Taxon %D 1991 %T Review of: J. J. Engel & S. Hattori (Eds.). Bryological Contributions Presented in Celebration of the Distinguished Scholarship of Rudolph M. Schuster. Beih. Nova Hedwigia 90. 1988 %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Taxon %V 39 %P 457, 458 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Journal of the Arnold Arboretum %D 1990 %T The genera of Meliaceae in the southeastern United States %A N. G. Miller %K biology %X

Descriptions are given of the family and the 2 genera with representatives in the SE USA: Melia (the introduced M. azedarach) and Swietenia (S. mahagoni, native at the southern end of Florida).

%B Journal of the Arnold Arboretum %V 71 %P 453-486 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Current Research in the Pleistocene %D 1990 %T Late-Pleistocene cones of jack pine (Pinus banksiana) at the Hiscock Site, western New York %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Current Research in the Pleistocene %V 7 %P 95-98 %G eng %0 Book Section %B Proceedings of the 15th Annual Natural Areas Conference %D 1990 %T The management of rare plants: Suggestions derived from paleoecological studies of late-Pleistocene floras %A N. G. Miller %E R. S. Mitchell %E C. J. Sheviak %E Leopold, D. J. %K biology paleontology %B Proceedings of the 15th Annual Natural Areas Conference %S New York State Museum Bulletin %I The University of the State of New York %C Albany, New York %P 159-162 %G eng %0 Book Section %B Biological Techniques in Paleoecological Interpretation %D 1990 %T Plant macrofossils %A N. G. Miller %E Morgan, A. V. %K biology paleontology %B Biological Techniques in Paleoecological Interpretation %I Quaternary Sciences Institute. University of Waterloo %C Ontario, %P 30-72 %G eng %0 Magazine Article %D 1989 %T The Generic Flora of the Southeastern United States %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Flora of North America Newsletter %V 3 %P 49 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Bryology %D 1989 %T Late-Pleistocene Anthelia (Hepaticae), an arctic-alpine, snow-bed indicator at a low elevation site in Massachusetts, U.S.A. %A N. G. Miller %K biology paleontology %X

A fossil of Anthelia from late-Pleistocene sediments at Tom Swamp, Massachusetts, consisted of a portion of a plant bearing the characteristic three rows of isomorphic, deeply bifid leaves. The fossil Anthelia indicates the existence of areas of late-lying snow in an essentially treeless, late-Pleistocene landscape. Associated bryophyte (mainly moss) and tracheophyte fossils establish the presence of additional hygric and mesic habitat types.

The occurrence of Anthelia and other leafy liverwort fossils in the basal inorganic sediments at Tom Swamp is unusual. Features of these fossils suggest that the translucent quality of some of the fragments and their small size (1 mm or smaller), which relates to fragmentation during transport, diagenesis and extraction (the breakage resulting from a weak middle lamella between the cells), may be reasons for the rarity of Pleistocene and Holocene fossils of liverworts.

%B Journal of Bryology %V 15 %P 583-588 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/jbr.1989.15.3.583 %R 10.1179/jbr.1989.15.3.583 %0 Journal Article %J Rhodora %D 1989 %T Pleistocene and Holocene floras of New England as a framework for interpreting aspects of plant rarity %A N. G. Miller %K biology paleontology %X
The times of arrival from southern sources and the rates and directions of migration are now known for many species of forest trees in New England. This information has made possible the reconstruction of generalized vegetation types for the period 14,000 to 9000 yr. B.P., as has been done recently by R. Davis and G. Jacobson for Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine. The regional pattern, which has been based mainly on studies of fossil pollen from wind-pollinated trees, includes a diverse and biogeographically interesting flora of bryophytes, herbs, and shrubs that only recently is becoming defined through studies of plant macrofossils. The most thoroughly investigated sites, Tom Swamp (Massachusetts), Columbia Bridge (Vermont), and Upper South Branch Pond (Maine) have produced late-glacial floras with numerous calcicoles, some of which are rare or lacking in the present New England flora. Fossils of arctic-alpine species are also present at these sites, which are all at low elevations. A prominent calcicole element exists in the late-glacial fossil record regardless of whether the extant flora near a site contains such plants. This pattern is evident for both seed plants and bryophytes. For areas with acidic soils, the loss of calcicoles is correlated with the late-Pleistocene arrival of spruce (as documented by increases in macrofossils) at 12,800 yr. B.P. in southern New England, and some 2300 radiocarbon years later in north-central Maine. Leaching, humus or litter accumulation, and other aspects of soil genesis may have been responsible for the loss, but what caused the pattern is poorly understood. As viewed on a continental scale and over thousands of years, the elimination of calcicoles has left fragmented ranges and rare occurrences in eastern North America of boreal or northern plants that otherwise are today widespread to the west.
%B Rhodora %V 91 %P 49-69 %G eng %U http://www.jstor.org/stable/23312461 %0 Journal Article %J American Journal of Botany %D 1989 %T Structurally preserved leaves of Harrimanella hypnoides (Ericaceae): Paleoecology of a new North American late-Pleistocene fossil %A N. G. Miller %K biology paleontology %X
Plant macrofossils from the basal inorganic sediments at Tom Swamp, north central Massachusetts, contained leaves, seeds, and fruits of arctic-alpine species, nearly all of which occur at present near the summits of Mt. Washington and Mt. Katahdin (New England) and in other alpine and arctic areas northward in eastern North America. Included were the needle-leaves of the dwarf shrub, Harrimanella hypnoides (L.) Coville, which matched comparative modern leaf samples in all anatomical details. The macrofossil assemblage was deposited before 12,830 ± 120 radiocarbon years ago and prior to the expansion of spruce populations in the region. Fossils of H. hypnoides suggest that snow beds were a regular feature of the summer landscape of southern New England during late glacial time. Calculations using the average lapse rate indicate that the mean annual paleotemperature in the Tom Swamp area may have been depressed 8-9 C below present means.
%B American Journal of Botany %V 76 %P 1089-1095 %G eng %U http://www.jstor.org/stable/2444531 %0 Journal Article %J Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences %D 1988 %T The late Quaternary Hiscock Site, Genesee County, New York: paleoecological studies based on pollen and plant macrofossils %A N. G. Miller %K biology paleontology %B Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences %V 33 %P 83-93 + foldout %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Bryologist %D 1988 %T Review of: C. Oostendorp, The Bryophytes of the Palaeozoic and the Mesozoic %A N. G. Miller %K biology paleontology %B Bryologist %V 91 %P 69 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Bryologist %D 1988 %T Review of: J. C. Ritchie Postglacial Vegetation of Canada %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Bryologist %V 91 %P 249 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Rhodora %D 1988 %T Review of: S. W. Eaton & E. F. Schrot. A Flora of the Vascular Plants of Cattaraugus County, New York %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Rhodora %V 90 %P 465, 466 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Symposia Biologica Hungarica %D 1987 %T Late Quaternary fossil moss floras of eastern North America: evidence of major floristic changes during the late Pleistocene-early Holocene transition %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Symposia Biologica Hungarica %V 35 %P 343-360 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Quaternary Research %D 1987 %T Paleohydrological implications of Holocene peatland development in northern Michigan %A N. G. Miller %A Futyma, R. P. %K biology paleontology %X
Sediment, pollen, and plant macrofossil stratigraphies from two small oligotrophic Chamaedaphne-Sphagnum peatlands provide data about local hydrologic changes in northern Michigan during the Holocene. Gleason Bog started about 8000 yr B.P. as a shallow pond that supported rich fen vegetation. After it was partly filled with peat and sand (about 4000 yr B.P.), the vegetation changed to oligotrophic bog. At Gates Bog paludification starting about 3800 yr B.P. caused peat accumulation over sand without an initial pond phase. The onset of peat accumulation at both sites is attributed to a rise in the water table resulting from the onset of cool and moist late Holocene climates. The water table of Gleason Bog is linked to the water level of adjacent Douglas Lake, which may have undergone a simultaneous rise. The results emphasize the individuality of hydrological conditions and hydroseral development in northern Michigan peatlands.
%B Quaternary Research %V 27 %P 297-311 %G eng %U http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0033589487900858 %R 10.1016/0033-5894(87)90085-8 %0 Journal Article %J Mem. New York Bot. Garden %D 1987 %T Phytogeography and paleoecology of a late Pleistocene moss assemblage from northern Vermont %A N. G. Miller %K biology paleontology %B Mem. New York Bot. Garden %V 45 %P 242-258 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Evansia %D 1987 %T Recent discoveries in the New York State bryoflora %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Evansia %V 4 %P 12-14 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J American Scientist %D 1987 %T Review of: W. B. Schofield, Introduction to Bryology %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B American Scientist %V 75 %P 433 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Association of Systematics Collections Newsletter %D 1986 %T New York State Museum, Sesquicentennial of the Biological and Geological Surveys %A N. G. Miller %A Barnes, J. K. %K biology %B Association of Systematics Collections Newsletter %V 14 %P 25-29 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J American Scientist %D 1986 %T Review of: A. F. Dyer and J. G. Duckett, The Experimental Biology of Bryophytes %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B American Scientist %V 74 %P 86 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden %D 1985 %T Fossil evidence of the dispersal and establishment of mosses as gametophyte fragments %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden %V 11 %P 71-78 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Bryologist %D 1985 %T Introduction [to Species Concepts in Bryophytes: Traditional and Innovative Approaches] %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Bryologist %V 88 %P 171 %G eng %U http://www.jstor.org/stable/3243025 %0 Journal Article %J Bryologist %D 1985 %T Species Concepts in Bryophytes: Traditional and Innovative Approaches %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Bryologist %V 88 %P 169-222 %G eng %U http://www.jstor.org/stable/i362921 %0 Journal Article %J The Michigan Botanist %D 1984 %T Fossombronia in Michigan %A N. G. Miller %A Crum, H. %K biology %B The Michigan Botanist %V 23 %P 157-163 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Arctic and Alpine Research %D 1984 %T Plant Associations and Edaphic Features of a High Arctic Mesotopographic Setting %A N. G. Miller %A Alpert, P. %K biology %X
Cover of blue-green algae, bryophytes, and vascular plants, and number of bryophyte species increased along a topographic gradient from the crest of a beach ridge down into a tundra meadow on Bathurst Island, Arctic Canada; lichen cover was greatest in the middle of the slope. Soil moisture, organic content, and nutrient concentrations increased along the same gradient, and pH became slightly less alkaline. Crest and slope plant associations varied between nearby sites and differed considerably from the more constant tundra meadow association, which resembled the Drepanocladus brevifolius community recognized elsewhere in the High Arctic. Among edaphic characteristics, soil moisture was most closely correlated with vegetation.
%B Arctic and Alpine Research %V 16 %P 11-23 %G eng %U http://www.jstor.org/stable/1551167 %R 10.2307/1551167 %0 Book Section %B New Manual of Bryology, Volume 2 %D 1984 %T Tertiary and Quaternary fossils %A N. G. Miller %E Schuster, R. M. %K biology paleontology %B New Manual of Bryology, Volume 2 %I Hattori Botanical Laboratory %P 1194-1237 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Brittonia %D 1983 %T The Identity of the Pleistocene Mosses Drepanocladus minnesotensis and Neocalliergon integrifolium (Amblystegiaceae) %A N. G. Miller %K biology paleontology %X

The type specimens of Drepanocladus minnesotensis Williams and Neocalliergon integrifolium Williams are shown to be D. aduncus var.kneiffii (B.S.G.) Monk. and Scorpidium scorpioides (Hedw.) Limpr., respectively. These fossils, which were originally obtained from late glacial sediments in Minneapolis, Minnesota, together with other mosses identified from the deposit, indicate that deposition probably took place in a shallow depression filled with calcareous water. Pleistocene mosses from near Bronson, Minnesota, originally namedD. minnesotensis are reidentified as D. aduncus (Hedw.) Warnst. and Calliergon giganteum (Schimp.) Kindb.

%B Brittonia %V 35 %P 87-92 %G eng %U http://link.springer.com/article/10.2307/2806057 %R 10.2307/2806057 %0 Journal Article %J Journal of the Arnold Arboretum %D 1982 %T The Caricaceae in the Southeastern United States %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Journal of the Arnold Arboretum %V 63 %P 411-427 %G eng %U http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9253052 %0 Journal Article %J Beih. Nova Hedwigia %D 1982 %T Extent of exploration in temperate North America; summarizing comments %A N. G. Miller %K biology %B Beih. Nova Hedwigia %V 71 %P 467, 468 %G eng %0 Book %B New York State Museum Bulletin %D 1973 %T Late-glacial and Postglacial Vegetation Change in Southwestern New York State %A N. G. Miller %K biology paleontology %B New York State Museum Bulletin %I The University of the State of New York %C Albany, New York %G eng %U http://purl.nysed.gov/nysl/883477