PIN 9044.53.121, Route 30/Mine Kill Creek, Level II HAER Documentation, Town of Gilboa, Schoharie County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

33Ms391: A Paleoindian Site in Southeastern Ohio - J. C. Lothrop; Cremeens, D. L. (Current Research in the Pleistocene, 2010)
A 2006 CRM study explored Paleoindian Site 33Ms391, located in Meigs County, southeastern Ohio, in the unglaciated Appalachian Plateaus province (GAI 2006a, 2006b). The site lies on a late-Pleistocene dune field that mantles a T3 terrace above the Ohio River.
Keywords: late Pleistocene; Paleoindian settlement; southern Ohio

Prehistoric Birdstones - J. C. Lothrop (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2010)
Keywords: anthropology

Diagenetic Uvite with Overgrown Dravite: Bigelow, St. Lawrence County, New York - M. V. Lupulescu; S. C. Chamberlain; Walter, M.; Wallace, S. (Rocks & Minerals, 2010)
Keywords: geology

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 7720.85.111, County Route 23 (Miner Farm Road), Town of Plattsburgh, Clinton County, New York - A. Lynch (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Addendum Survey Report for PIN 8145.17.121, Route 211, Town of Montgomery, Orange County, New York - A. Lynch (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2805.23.121, Route 5 over Sterling Creek, Town of Schuyler, Herkimer County, New York - A. Lynch (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2805.27.121, Route 30/Unnamed Creek, Town of Long Lake, Hamilton County, New York - A. Lynch (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3021.19.121, Route 89, Town of Tyre, Seneca County, New York - A. Lynch (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 8145.17.121, Route 211 over Wallkill River, Town of Montgomery, Orange County, New York - A. Lynch (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Data Recovery Plan for PIN A031.03.701, Papscanee Creek 3 Site, Town of East Greenbush, Rensselaer, New York - D. E. Mazeau (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Data Recovery Report for the Naima Site, PIN 0054.05.121, Town of Smithtown, Suffolk County, New York - D. E. Mazeau (New York State Museum, 2010)

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 0059.08, NYS Route 27 from Route 112 to Wading River Road, Town of Brookhaven, Suffolk County, New York - D. E. Mazeau; M.S. LoRusso; Pellerin, J. (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Data Recovery Plan for the Papscanee Creek 3 Site, Town of East Greenbush, Rennselaer County, New York - D. E. Mazeau (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

The Karner Blue Butterfly - T. L. McCabe (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2010)
Keywords: biology

Asa Gray and the Development of Bryology in the United States - N. G. Miller (Harvard Papers in Botany, 2010)
Asa Gray never expanded his knowledge of floristic bryology to the extent he developed expertise in flowering plant taxonomy. Nevertheless, he became experienced in bryological floristics early in his botanical career, and Gray absorbed new bryological information, both floristic and conceptual, throughout his life from wherever it was generated. He had plans to advance bryology in the United States, including an exsiccata and publishing a volume devoted to cryptogams as part two of the second edition of his Manual, but both never happened. His respect for the bryological talent and energy of William S. Sullivant, whose achievements Gray consistently encouraged and fostered, allowed Sullivant, a non-academic in Columbus, Ohio, to become a highly regarded bryologist of international stature and the designated Father of American Bryology. The growth of bryofloristic knowledge in the United States is traced from the earliest colonial period to later workers, including Dillenius, André Michaux, Palisot de Beauvois, Henry Muhlenberg, Lewis Schweinitz, Lewis Beck, and John Torrey, to Asa Gray, and eventually to William Sullivant. The bryological work and accomplishments of each of them show that all participated in a sophisticated international network of information exchange by letter or other conveyance, thereby building important collections of bryophyte specimens and printed references. For some, this happened during the 1800s when improvements in compound light microscopy led to the resolution of morphology not before revealed with certainty in bryophytes and to conceptual advances in understanding the biology of these plants, which in turn allowed the discovery of the mesoscale structural uniqueness of them and continuing advancements in their systematics in the post-Sullivant era.
Keywords: André Michaux; Asa Gray; Dillenius; Henry Muhlenberg; history of botany; history of bryology; John Torrey; Lewis Beck; Lewis Schweinitz; Palisot de Beauvois; William Sullivant

Introduction and recent range expansion in the moss Ptychomitrium serratum (Ptychomitriaceae) in the Southern and Eastern United States - N. G. Miller; Robinson, S. C. (Botany, 2010)
The moss Ptychomitrium serratum (C. Müll. Hal. ex Schimp.) Besch., is native to Mexico and parts of western Texas and southern New Mexico, and it is a rare adventive in the area from East Texas and Louisiana to Missouri, Tennessee, South Carolina, and northward to locations near the coast in New York State and Massachusetts. In the adventive part of this calcicole’s range, all collections are from the past 50 years. Concrete, mortar, and rarely asphalt shingle are its only known substrata in this region, which contrasts sharply with its common occurrence on limestone in the native portion of its range. These observations indicate recent, perhaps on-going, immigration into the eastern United States and dispersal from established populations in this region. This monoicous moss commonly produces spores, which are its primary means of spread. Given the low density occurrences in the adventive portion of the range of P. serratum, dispersal may be generally northeastward from Mexico – Texas – New Mexico, following northeastward storm tracks in the southern and eastern United States. The apparently recent spread of this moss does not show obvious reliance on any direct human activity.
Keywords: adventive and naturalized mosses; calcicole; concrete and mortar as moss habitat.; plant introduction history; species rarity; spore dispersal

Up in the Air: Aerobiological Discoveries at the New York State Museum - N. G. Miller (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2010)
Keywords: biology

Investigation of the endosymbionts of Dreissena stankovici with Morphological and Molecular Confirmation of Host Species - D. P. Molloy; L. Giamberini; Burlakova, L. E.; Karatayev, A. Y.; J. R. Cryan; Trajanovski, S. L.; Trajanovska, S. P. (The Zebra Mussel in Europe, 2010)
We investigated the types of endosymbionts present in Dreissena mussels in Lake Ohrid, Republic of Macedonia, and characterized their intensity, prevalence, location, and host impact. Considering the taxonomic uncertainty of many Balkan dreissenid populations, accurate host identity was considered a very high priority. Our efforts using both morphological and molecular approaches confirmed the identity of all mussels examined to be Dreissena stankovici. Key external shell characteristics of D. stankovici are its possession of a: 1) a carina, 2) a convex posterior ventral surface, and 3) a sharp dorsal longitudinal ridge that is distinctively-peaked in most specimens and slightly convex to almost straight immediately posterior to its peak. Nucleotide sequence data were successfully generated for 67 Lake Ohrid Dreissena. For each mussel, sequences were obtained for at least 1 of the following 3 DNA loci: mitochondrial gene 16S rRNA, nuclear gene 28S rRNA, and mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI). Remarkably little intraspecific variation was observed in our data matrices for these 3 gene regions, and we interpreted this, in combination with BLAST searches of the NCBI database, as strong evidence that the specimens examined were all conspecific D. stankovici. Specimens of Dreissena polymorpha and Dreissena rostriformis bugensis were used for comparison purposes in both morphological and molecular analyses. This is the first study documenting the endosymbiont community in D. stankovici. This dreissenid population in Lake Ohrid appears to have a rich endosymbiont assemblage, ranging from commensals to parasites, and is comprised primarily of ciliates (Conchophthirus, Hypocomagalma, Ophryoglena, and Sphenophrya), trematodes (Echinostomatidae and Phyllodistomum), and intracytoplasmic prokaryote infections. One of the most interesting findings of our study was how similar this endosymbiont assemblage was to that reported from European D. polymorpha populations. This perhaps should not be unexpected, however, since D. stankovici and D. polymorpha are considered sister taxa with divergence estimated at only several million years ago.
Keywords: Dreissena; endosymbionts; Lake Ohrid; mussels; Republic of Macedonia

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3805.44.121, Culvert Replacement, Town of New Haven, Oswego County, New York - Moragne, S.; M.S. LoRusso (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Screening Survey for PIN 1935.49, Livingston Ave Railroad Bridge, Albany and Rensselaer Counties, New York - Moragne, S. (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Citizen Soldier: New York's National Guard in the American Century - Noble, A. (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2010)
Keywords: history

The Story of a WWII Citizen Soldier - Noble, A. (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2010)
Keywords: history

Encounters with Postcolonialism in Irish Archaeology - Orser, C. E. (Handbook of Postcolonial Archaeology, 2010)
Keywords: anthropology

Foreword - Orser, C. E. (Soldiers, Cities, and Landscapes: Papers in Honor of Charles L. Fisher, 2010)
Keywords: anthropology

Three 19th-Century House Sites in Rural Ireland - Orser, C. E. (Post-Medieval Archaeology, 2010)
This report describes archaeological research at three house sites in rural Ireland. The anthropologically-based research began in 1994 with the goal of attempting to understand the material conditions of daily life in the 19th-century Irish countryside. The excavation results presented here were obtained from individual households in counties Roscommon, Sligo and Donegal, at sites dating from the early to mid-19th century. Two of the sites are known to have been abandoned as a result of forced eviction. Particular attention is paid to the ceramics found.
Keywords: 19th-century; Archaeology; daily life; house sites; Ireland

Twenty-First Century Historical Archaeology - Orser, C. E. (Journal of Archaeological Research, 2010)
The practice of historical archaeology has exploded over the past two decades, and especially since 2000. Methodological advances and new theoretical insights mean that archaeological research requires periodic evaluation, and this overview builds on the work of three earlier assessors of the discipline. Here, I concentrate on four areas of research currently being pursued by historical archaeologists: analytical scale, capitalism, social inequality, and heritage and memory. I conclude that historical archaeologists have made major strides in understanding the modern world and that future research promises to offer diverse perspectives that will deepen our appreciation for how the past influences the present.
Keywords: Capitalism; Heritage and memory; Historical archaeology; Inequality; Scale

Cultural Resources Screening Evaluation for PIN 5512.52.101, Route 33 Kensington Expressway, City of Buffalo, Erie County, New York - J. F. Pasquini (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Screening Evaluation for Various Locations in Clinton and Franklin Counties, New York - J. F. Pasquini (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Sensitivity Evaluation for Various Locations in Albany County, New York - J. F. Pasquini (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

A Local Industry Reflects a Local Community--The Watts Blacksmith Shop - M. Pickands (Soldiers, Cities, and Landscapes: Papers in Honor of Charles L. Fisher, 2010)
Keywords: anthropology history

Cultural Resources Historic Preservation Monitoring Report # 1 (August 2010), Crown Point Historic Site, Lake Champlain Bridge Project, Crown Point, New York - C. B. Rieth (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey and Site Examination Report for PIN 8809.73.101, The Peaslee Paper Mill Site, Town of Chatham, Columbia County, New York. - C. B. Rieth; A. Lynch; Pellerin, J.; H. Brown; T. Thomas; Moragne, S. (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Survey Report for PIN AX16.13.701, Documentation of pre-1929 Ferry Landing, Lake Champlain Bridge Project, Town of Crown Point, Essex County, New York - C. B. Rieth (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Historic Preservation Monitoring Report #5 for the Lake Champlain Bridge Project, Crown Point, New York - C. B. Rieth (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Historic Preservation Monitoring Report # 6 for the Lake Champlain Bridge Project, Crown Point, New York - C. B. Rieth (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Letter Report for PIN 1807.72, Route 9N, Town of Hague, Warren County, New York - C. B. Rieth (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Stylistic and Technological Analysis of Ceramic Vessels from the Bailey Site, Onondaga County, New York - C. B. Rieth; Horton, E. (Preserving Tradition and Understanding the Past: Papers from the Conference on Iroquois Research, 2001-2005, 2010)
Iroquoian village and hamlet sites are known for their large and diverse artifact assemblages. Lithic and ceramic artifacts constitute the majority of the artifacts found on these sites in New York and southern Ontario (Lennox 1995; Ritchie and Funk 1973; Snow 1995). Detailed analyses of these materials often provide insights into the settlement, subsistence, economic, and interaction patterns of the community (Snow 1994; Rieth and Horton 2006). Archaeological excavations by the New York State Museum’s Cultural Resource Survey Program at the precontact Bailey site in Onondaga County, New York, produced a large ceramic assemblage consisting of vessel fragments (Rieth and Horton 2006). Stylistic and technological analyses of these artifacts contribute to our understanding of the chronology of the site and enhance our understanding of Native manufacturing techniques. This chapter provides an overview of the ceramic assemblage fromthe Bailey site, describes howthe vessels were used, and discusses the role of ceramic vessels within the larger realm of Iroquoian settlement and subsistence. Adiscussion of howthis information can be used to understand Iroquoian culture and history follows.
Keywords: anthropology

A 23-Year Assessment of Vegetation Composition and Change in the Adirondack Alpine Zone, New York State - Robinson, S. C.; Ketchledge, E. H.; Fitzgerald, B. T.; Raynal, D. J.; Kimmerer, R. W. (Rhodora, 2010)
The Adirondack Mountains of New York State hold some of the southernmost communities of alpine vegetation in the eastern United States. Containing the greatest concentration of rare and endangered species in New York State, this ∼12,000-year-old ecosystem is important to understanding the ecological history of northeastern North America. In order to monitor floristic and vegetational shifts over time, 11 permanent transects were established in 1984 on four summits (Wright, Algonquin, Boundary, and Iroquois) of the MacIntyre Range in the Adirondack High Peaks region. Using the point-intercept method, all 11 transects were sampled in 1984, 1994, 2002, and 2007. Vegetation composition changed significantly over the 23-year period, with an overall decrease in bryophytes/lichens and an increase in vascular plants, indicating that vascular plants were replacing bryophytes, particularly in areas not disturbed by hikers. Community similarity was high among all transects, and increased with time for vascular plants as they became more abundant, indicating a successional convergence. Compositional shifts may also reflect effects of global warming and atmospheric deposition on alpine plant communities.
Keywords: Adirondack Mountains; alpine flora; bryophytes; permanent transect; succession; vegetation change

Cultural Resource Addendum Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 3501.52.121, Sentinel Heights Road over Interstate 81, Town of Onondaga, Onondaga County, New York - J. Ross (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report for PIN 3057.57.121, The Carter Creek I and II Sites, Town of Newfield, Tompkins County, New York - J. Ross (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Architectural Report for PIN 2805.02.121, 15 Intersections on Routes 5 and 20, Amsterdam, New York - V. A. Schmitt (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1805.68.101, Ferry Road/Mohawk River Barge Channel, Level II HAER Documentation, Town of Niskayuna, Schenectady County, New York - V. A. Schmitt (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3806.47.121, Route 49, ADA Sidewalk Replacement, Town of Constantia, Oswego County, New York - V. A. Schmitt (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cypripedium parviflorum in the Northwest, with the Description of a New Variety - C. J. Sheviak (The Native Orchid Conference Journal, 2010)
Keywords: biology

On a Hypothetical Evolutionary Process in Platanthera - C. J. Sheviak (The Native Orchid Conference Journal, 2010)
Keywords: biology

Orchids of New York - C. J. Sheviak; Young, S. (New York State Conservationist, 2010)
Keywords: biology

The Roots of the Herbarium - C. J. Sheviak (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2010)
Keywords: biology

Surficial Geology of the Pine Island Quadrangle, New York - Smith, C. A.; Stefanik, P. A.; A. L. Kozlowski (Map & Chart Series, 2010)

Surficial Geology of the Shandaken Quadrangle, NY - Smith, C. A.; A. L. Kozlowski; Stefanik, P. A. (Map & Chart Series, 2010)

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report Department of Enviornmetnal Conservation, Stony Kill Environmental Center, Town of Fishkill, Dutchess County, New York - Sobik, C. (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 2071.08.101, Route 291 over Nine Mile Creek, Town of Marcy, Oneida County, New York - Sobik, C.; M.S. LoRusso (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 3805.44.121, Route 176, Town of Hannibal, Oswego County, New York - Sobik, C. (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3805.44.121, Route 176, Town of Hannibal, Oswego County, New York - Sobik, C. (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 1808.31.101, Interstate 87, Town of Halfmoon, Saratoga County, New York - Sobik, C. (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Data Recovery Report of NYSM Site 10168, Hobby Farm Site, PIN 2801.27.123, Judd Road Extension, Town of New Hartford, Oneida County, New York - J. Sopko (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1043.50.101, Route 9 and NY 32 at 5th Street and Main Street Intersection, Village of South Glens Falls, Town of Moreau, Saratoga County, New York - D. Staley; M.S. LoRusso (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3805.44.121, Route 264@Biddlecum Road, Town of Schroeppel, Oswego County, New York - D. Staley (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3806.39.121, ADA Sidewalk Replacement, Hamlet of Williamstown, Oswego County, New York - D. Staley; V. A. Schmitt (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3806.39.121, ADA Sidewalk Replacement, Village of Hannibal, Oswego County, New York - D. Staley; V. A. Schmitt (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 2037.20.121, New York State Route 31 over Oneida Creek, Town of Verona, Oneida County, New York and Town of Lenox, Madison County, New York - D. Staley; M.S. LoRusso (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report of the Deansboro Creamery Co. Site, PIN 2030.06.121, Route 315 over Oriskany Creek, Town of Marshall, Oneida County, New York - D. Staley (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Deansboro Creamery Co. Site - D. Staley (Newsletter of the New York Archaeological Council, 2010)
Keywords: anthropology

Letter Report on Archaeological Monitoring for PIN 2064.01.122, Construction along Route 5S Corridor at Culver Avenue Ramp, City of Utica, Oneida County, New York - D. Staley (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Evolution of Delphacidae (Hemiptera:Fulgoroidea): Combined-Evidence Phylogenetics Reveals Importance of Grass Host Shifts - J. M. Urban; Bartlett, C. R.; J. R. Cryan (Systematic Entomology, 2010)
The planthopper family Delphacidae is a speciose lineage of phloem-feeding insects, with many species considered as pests of economic significance on essential world food commodities (including rice, maize, wheat, barley and sugar cane). Despite their economic importance, evolutionary relationships among delphacids, particularly those within the speciose tribe Delphacini, are largely unknown. Presented here are the results of a phylogenetic investigation of Delphacidae based on DNA nucleotide sequence data from four genetic loci (18S rDNA, 28S rDNA, wingless and cytochrome oxidase I) and 132 coded morphological characters. The resulting topologies are used to test the higher classification of Delphacidae and to examine evolutionary patterns in host–plant associations. Our results generally support the higher classifications of Delphacidae proposed by Asche, Emeljanov and Hamilton, and suggest that the rapid diversification of the Delphacini was associated with host shifts to, and within, Poaceae, and specifically from C3 to C4 grasses.
Keywords: Delphacidae; phloem-feeding insects; Phylogenetics; planthopper; taxonomy

Bedrock Geology of the Westerlo Quadrangle, New York - C. A. Ver Straeten (Map & Chart Series, 2010)

Lessons from the Foreland Basin: Northern Appalachian Basin Perspectives on the Acadian Orogeny - C. A. Ver Straeten (From Rodinia to Pangea: The Lithotectonic Record of the Appalachian Region, 2010)
Foreland basin rocks of the northern Appalachian basin in New York and adjacent areas contain a significant Upper Silurian to Devonian record of Acadian orogenesis. Sediment composition, stratal geometry, stratigraphic anomalies, and distribution of volcanic air-fall tephras through time and space provide insights into patterns of tectonism and quiescence, uplift and unroofing, tectonically induced basin flexure, and explosive volcanism in the orogenic belt. Herein, I combine a literature review and new data to examine several aspects of the foreland basin fill and their implications. Established models of Acadian-related impacts on the foreland, including tectophase development, are tested against a more refined high-resolution stratigraphy. Some sedimentary patterns are cyclic; others evolve through time. Initial study of synorogenic conglomerates across 40 m.y. of sedimentation sketches an unroofing history of the orogen. Stratigraphic anomalies delineate a flexural history interpreted directly from the rock record: topographic features in the foredeep migrate toward the craton in tectonically active intervals and toward the orogen during quiescent intervals. In addition, the forebulge undergoes cyclic uplift and leveling. These results differ from predictions in existing models of foreland basin kinematics. Preserved air-fall tephras reflect a history of explosive volcanism along the orogen. Comparisons of igneous rocks from the foreland and orogen portray a larger picture of Lower Emsian magmatism. Finally, I summarize the chronology of foreland basin signatures of orogenesis. Data and interpretations presented here should be compared with the record of Acadian orogenesis from the mountain belt in order to better determine causation and outline a more detailed synthesis of the Acadian orogeny.
Keywords: Acadian orogenesis; Devonian; Foreland basin rocks; New York; northern Appalachian Basin; Upper Silurian

Not Just Another Pretty Face - Walsh, J. P.; Lenig, W. (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2010)
Keywords: anthropology

Large-range Movements of Neotropical Orchid Bees Observed Via Radio Telemetry (Belorussian translation) - M. Wikelski; Moxley, J.; Eaton-Mordas, A.; Lopez-Uribe, M. M.; Holland, R.; Moskowitz, D.; Roubik, D. W.; R. W. Kays (PLoS One, 2010)
Neotropical orchid bees (Euglossini) are often cited as classic examples of trapline-foragers with potentially extensive foraging ranges. If long-distance movements are habitual, rare plants in widely scattered locations may benefit from euglossine pollination services. Here we report the first successful use of micro radio telemetry to track the movement of an insect pollinator in a complex and forested environment. Our results indicate that individual male orchid bees (Exaerete frontalis) habitually use large rainforest areas (at least 42–115 ha) on a daily basis. Aerial telemetry located individuals up to 5 km away from their core areas, and bees were often stationary, for variable periods, between flights to successive localities. These data suggest a higher degree of site fidelity than what may be expected in a free living male bee, and has implications for our understanding of biological activity patterns and the evolution of forest pollinators.
Keywords: foraging ranges; micro radio telemetry; Neotropical orchid bees; trapline-foragers

New York's Wildflowers in True Colors - Williams, C. (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2010)
Keywords: photography; wild flowers

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3805.44.121, Route 176 at mile marker 176-3402-1065, Town of Granby, Oswego County, New York - L. J. Xinakes (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3805.44.121, Route 176 at mile marker 176-3402-1065, Town of Granby, Oswego County, New York - L. J. Xinakes (New York State Department of Transportation, 2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 8239.38.101, Route 9W at Young Ave, Town of Marlboro, Ulster County, New York - L. J. Xinakes; N. L. Davis; M.S. LoRusso (New York State Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration, 2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 8239.38.101, Route 9W at Young Ave, Town of Marlboro, Ulster County, New York - L. J. Xinakes; N. L. Davis; M.S. LoRusso (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 8561.34.121, Route 35/202 Crompound Road, Town of Yorktown, Westchester, New York - L. J. Xinakes; N. L. Davis; M.S. LoRusso (New York State Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration, 2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 8561.34.121, Route 35/202 Crompound Road, Town of Yorktown, Westchester, New York - L. J. Xinakes; N. L. Davis; M.S. LoRusso (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Letter Report for PIN 2029.25, Archaeological Monitoring and Data Recovery for Routes 5s, 10 and 920T, Town of Canajoharie, Montogmery County, New York - L. J. Xinakes (New York State Department of Transporation and the Federal Highway Administration, 2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Letter Report for PIN 2029.25, Archaeological Monitoring and Data Recovery for Routes 5s, 10 and 920T, Town of Canajoharie, Montogmery County, New York - L. J. Xinakes (2010)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Update on the Schuyler Flats Burial Ground - L. M. Anderson (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2009)
Keywords: anthropology

Terminology of Geological Time: Establishment of a Community Standard - Aubry, M.-P.; Van Covering, J. A.; Christie-Blick, N.; E. Landing; Pratt, B. R.; Owen, D. E.; Ferrusquía-Villafranca, I. (Stratigraphy, 2009)
It has been recommended that geological time be described in a single set of terms and according to metric or SI (“Système International d’Unités”) standards, to ensure “worldwide unification of measurement”. While any effort to improve communication in scientific research and writing is to be encouraged, we are also concerned that fundamental differences between date and duration, in the way that our profession expresses geological time, would be lost in such an oversimplified terminology. In addition, no precise value for ‘year’ in the SI base unit of second has been accepted by the international bodies.Under any circumstances, however, it remains the fact that geological dates – as points in time – are not relevant to the SI. Known dates may define durations, just as known durations may define dates, or dates may simply be punctual references that support historical narratives, but dates are not quantities. Furthermore, dates, as datum points, belong to a specific type of guiding information that is in constant use not only by the disciplines that explore the unwritten past, but in the physical sciences and engineering as well. Accordingly, we recommend a new standardization of the distinction between geohistorical date, in years before present expressed in ‘annus’, symbol ‘a’,with the multiples ‘ka’, ‘Ma’, and ‘Ga’ for thousands, millions and billions of years ago, according to a convention that has been very widely adopted during the last 30 years, and geohistorical duration, expressed in ‘year’, symbol ‘yr’, with multiples ‘kyr’, ‘Myr’ and ‘Gyr’, respectively, as the most appropriate among the various formats in the current literature. Agreement on these two sets of terms throughout the wide community that deals with paleochronology would remove a false impression of improvisation and uncertainty as to appropriate terminology, and would lead to more effective communication in areas where a simplified but needlessly SI-conisistent terminology would be less, not more useful.
Keywords: geology

Minerals of the Silurian Lockport Group Central and Western New York State - Bailey, D. G.; M. Hawkins; Hiler, C. (Rocks & Minerals, 2009)
Keywords: geology

Refining the Timing of Faunal Turnover in the Middle Devonian Appalachian Basin: Paleoecological Analysis of the Earliest Hamilton Fauna and a Revision of the Base of the Givetian Stage in Eastern North America - Bartholomew, A. J.; Schramm, T. J.; C. A. Ver Straeten; Over, D. J. (New York State Geological Association, 81st Annual Meeting Guidebook, 2009)
Keywords: geology paleontology

Cultural Resources Documentation for PIN A600.08, Railroad Depot, Syracuse, New York - H. Brown; M.S. LoRusso (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2125.16.101, Route 30A with NY Route 29 and 67, City of Johnstown, Fulton County, New York - J. S. Cardinal; V. A. Schmitt (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 8239.36.121 Monitoring of Underground Well and Cistern at 172-174 Broadway, Town of Esopus, Ulster County, New York - J. S. Cardinal (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Geoarchaeology of a Strath Terrace in the Upper Ohio Valley, West Virginia - Cremeens, D. L.; J. C. Lothrop (Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2009)
Soil characterization and distribution on a narrow ridge strath terrace bordering the Ohio River in the northern panhandle of West Virginia was evaluated to determine the stratigraphic context of the cultural remains of two prehistoric archaeological sites. Five soil map units were delineated in the project area based on the distribution of regolith materials and associated soil characteristics. Shale and sandstone residuum in the central crest of the ridge is covered with a laterally discontinuous mantle of Pleistocene alluvium, 0.25 to >1.2 m thick, and a continuous mantle of Late Pleistocene loess, 0.25 to 1.1 m thick. Hapludalfs formed in the loess over alluvium, or in loess over residuum, indicate moderate to long-term (e.g., 12,000 yr) pedogenesis. On steep shoulder slopes, Dystrudepts in shallow residuum with little to no loess indicate limited pedogenesis and possible early to mid-Holocene erosion. Panhandle Archaic inhabitants of Site 46Br31 (∼6090–3400 yr BP) harvested freshwater mussels from the Ohio River below the ridge, and after consumption discarded the shells on the shoulder slopes at the southern end of the ridge. The resultant shell middens, largely disturbed by 20th century relic hunters, form a complex map unit of Dystrudepts and Udorthents. The distribution of soils on this ridge and the associated archaeological remains indicate that the successive occupations of prehistoric Native American inhabitants lived on the same ground surface. The resultant cultural remains were not buried or stratigraphically separated. The modern soil surface is an approximate, although eroded, remnant of the occupied ground surface. The vertical distribution of artifacts reflects several millennia on a mature soil surface with an evolving biomantle.
Keywords: Archaic; Dystrudepts; pedogenesis; Soil characterization

Holocene Alluvial Geoarchaeology of the Memorial Park Site (36Cn164), West Branch Susquehanna River, Pennsylvania - Cremeens, D. L.; J. P. Hart (Archaeology of Eastern North America, 2009)
The Memorial Park Site (36Cn164) is a deeply stratified, multicomponent prehistoric site on a Holocene terrace of the West Branch Susquehanna River in central Pennsylvania. Archaeological excavations and geoarchaeological analyses revealed silt loam to loam overbank sediments, punctuated by seven buried soils spanning a time interval of 7090-1480 yrs B.P. Changes in the buried surficial environments and soils were the result of the late Pleistocene to Holocene channel dynamics of the West Branch and the formation three landforms: the evolving Port Huron terrace, an abandoned channel remnant, and a natural levee. The eastward migration of the West Branch meander channel resulted in lateral and vertical variability in the distinctness of the buried soils. Older, more stable geomorphic surfaces prevailed on the western portion of the site, defining the Port Huron terrace, a pedocomplex of a fragipan Btx horizon superimposed over one or more weakly developed soils. The Port Huron terrace was the primary focus of occupation during the mid-Holocene. Younger, less stable geomorphic surfaces characterize the eastern portions of the site and define the abandoned channel remnant and the natural levee. These landforms are characterized with thin, diffuse Ab horizons associated with weak B horizons and C horizons. The natural levee and channel remnant were not intensively used until ca. 4500-5000 B.P. when these landforms first afforded elevated, stable loci for human activity. The upper two buried soils extend across the entire site and contain evidence of site-wide late Holocene occupations. These uppermost soils formed in sediments that blanketed the terrace-channel-levee topography.
Keywords: Archaeology; Fragipan; Port Huron terrace; Susquehanna River basin

Phylogenetics: Reconstructing the Tree of Life - J. R. Cryan (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2009)
Keywords: biology

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1722.04.101, Route 9 and I-87 Utility Pole Placement, Town of Chester, Hamlet of Pottersville, Warren County, New York - B. R. Dale (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3045.51.121, Route 104 Stormwater Drainage and Wetland Mitigation, Town of Scriba and Oswego, Oswego County, New York - B. R. Dale; V. A. Schmitt (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for Route 67 and 50, Towns of Ballston and Malta, Saratoga County, New York - B. R. Dale; V. A. Schmitt (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report of the Henry Knox Cannon Trail Restoration Project, Town of Hague, Warren County, New York and City of Albany, New York - B. R. Dale; Moragne, S. (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report for the Mattitson Site, Dr. Snyder Site, and the Grange Site, Village of Scriba, Oswego County, New York - B. R. Dale (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report of The Mattison Site, Dr. Snyder Site, and Grange Site, Village of Scriba, Oswego County, New York - B. R. Dale (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Effects of Global Warming on Ancient Mammalian Communities and Their Environments - DeSantis, L. R. G.; R. S. Feranec; MacFadden, B. J. (Plos One, 2009)
Background Current global warming affects the composition and dynamics of mammalian communities and can increase extinction risk; however, long-term effects of warming on mammals are less understood. Dietary reconstructions inferred from stable isotopes of fossil herbivorous mammalian tooth enamel document environmental and climatic changes in ancient ecosystems, including C3/C4 transitions and relative seasonality. Methodology/Principal Findings Here, we use stable carbon and oxygen isotopes preserved in fossil teeth to document the magnitude of mammalian dietary shifts and ancient floral change during geologically documented glacial and interglacial periods during the Pliocene (~1.9 million years ago) and Pleistocene (~1.3 million years ago) in Florida. Stable isotope data demonstrate increased aridity, increased C4 grass consumption, inter-faunal dietary partitioning, increased isotopic niche breadth of mixed feeders, niche partitioning of phylogenetically similar taxa, and differences in relative seasonality with warming. Conclusion/Significance Our data show that global warming resulted in dramatic vegetation and dietary changes even at lower latitudes (~28°N). Our results also question the use of models that predict the long term decline and extinction of species based on the assumption that niches are conserved over time. These findings have immediate relevance to clarifying possible biotic responses to current global warming in modern ecosystems.
Keywords: global warming; Pleistocene; Pliocene; stable isotope analysis

Surficial Geology of the Phoenicia 7.5-Minute Quadrangle, Greene and Ulster Counties, New York - Desimone, D. D; Manchester, J.; Backhaus, K. J. (Map & Chart, 2009)

Lichens and Bryophytes of the Alpine and Subalpine Zones of Katahdin, Maine, I: Overview, Ecology, Climate and Conservation Aspects - Dibble, A. C.; N. G. Miller; Hinds, J. W.; Fryday, A. M. (Bryologist, 2009)
Katahdin, the highest peak in Maine at 1606 m, has about 13 km2 (1300 ha) of alpine and subalpine tundra and krummholz on a summit plateau and in upper cirque basins. Lichens and bryophytes have been collected above tree line since the mid-19th century, but the cryptogam biota of the mountain has remained incompletely documented. For 16 days during 2001–2004 we inventoried lichens and bryophytes of the subalpine and alpine zones of Katahdin (above 884 m), visiting open alpine tundra, alpine cliffs in glacial cirques, seeps, fellfields, krummholz and subalpine forests. We relocated most species represented by historic collections and added many more to the documented biota, including significant range extensions and species new to North America or northeastern United States. The floristic results are presented in two associated papers. Here we (1) summarize previous studies of the botany, ecology and geology of Katahdin; (2) compare quadrats from a Diapensia heath in exposed alpine tundra on the Table Land with a snow bed community just below the Table Land, where a marked difference in the bryophyte and lichen assemblages may reflect cryptogam-vascular plant interactions and/or site-specific differences; and (3) summarize unpublished weather data collected at the Chimney Pond Ranger Station (ca. 890 m). Katahdin and Mt. Washington, New Hampshire, have similar recent temperature and precipitation records on the basis of the available data. Katahdin shares some vegetation components and climate features with mountain ranges in the Pacific Northwest, New Zealand and the Scottish Highlands that have been studied for lichens and/or bryophytes.
Keywords: alpine; bryophytes; Chimney Pond weather data; conservation; Diapensia heath; Katahdin; lichens; Maine; snow bed; species rarity

The Fort Ancient Archaeological Tradition - P. B. Drooker (Archaeology in America: An Encyclopedia, vol. 2, Midwest and Great Plains/Rocky Mountains, 2009)
Keywords: anthropology

Understanding a Globe Basket and Its Makers - Duggan, B. J. (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2009)
Keywords: anthropology

MOHICAN SEMINAR 3 The Journey--An Algonquian Peoples Seminar - Dunn, S. W. (New York State Museum Bulletin, 2009)
Keywords: anthropology history

Evolution Every Day - R. S. Feranec; J. R. Cryan; J. J. Kirchman (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2009)
Keywords: biology

Evolution of Ecology in Mammals - R. S. Feranec (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2009)
Keywords: biology paleontology

Implications of Radiocarbon Dates from Potter Creek Cave, Shasta County, California, USA - R. S. Feranec (Radiocarbon, 2009)
New dates obtained from the bone collagen of mammals from the deposits in Potter Creek Cave, Shasta County, California, USA, show that these fossils were emplaced over the last 30,000 yr. The dates support the assignment of the fauna in the cave to the late Pleistocene and are contemporaneous to the dates obtained from the fauna of Samwel Cave located 5 km to the north. These new dates do not support previous radiocarbon dates suggesting a Holocene extinction of the extinct bovid Euceratherium collinum, and demonstrate that this and other megafauna were not present in the vicinity after the terminal Pleistocene.
Keywords: Euceratherium collinum; extinction; late Pleistocene mammals; radiocarbon dating

Stable Isotopes Reveal Seasonal Competition for Resources Between Late Pleistocene Bison (Bison) and Horse (Equus) from Rancho La Brea, Southern California - R. S. Feranec; Hadley, E. A.; Paytan, A. (Paleogeography, Paleoclimatology, Paleoecology, 2009)
Determining how organisms partition or compete for resources within ecosystems can reveal how communities are assembled. The Late Pleistocene deposits at Rancho La Brea are exceptionally diverse in large mammalian carnivores and herbivores, and afford a unique opportunity to study resource use and partitioning among these megafauna. Resource use was examined in bison and horses by serially sampling the stable carbon and oxygen isotope values found within tooth enamel of individual teeth of seven bison and five horses. Oxygen isotope results for both species reveal a pattern of seasonal enamel growth, while carbon isotope values reveal a more subtle seasonal pattern of dietary preferences. Both species ate a diet dominated by C3 plants, but bison regularly incorporated C4 plants into their diets, while horses ate C4 plants only occasionally. Bison had greater total variation in carbon isotope values than did horses implying migration away from Rancho La Brea. Bison appear to incorporate more C4 plants into their diets during winter, which corresponds to previous studies suggesting that Rancho La Brea, primarily surrounded by C3 plants, was used by bison only during late spring. The examination of intra-tooth isotopic variation which reveals intra-seasonal resource use among bison and horse at Rancho La Brea highlights the utility of isotopic techniques for understanding the intricacies of ecology within and between ancient mammals.
Keywords: C-13; Competition; Diet; Enamel; Migration; O-18; Population; Resource partitioning; Species coexistence; Stable isotopes; Ungulata

Beneath the City: An Archaeological Perspective of Albany - C. L. Fisher (New York State Museum Circular, 2009)
Keywords: anthropology history

Early Historic Archaeology in Albany - C. L. Fisher (Archaeology in America: An Encyclopedia, vol. 1, Northeast and Southeast, 2009)
Keywords: anthropology

Scatter Hoarding by the Central-American Agouti: A Test of Optimal Cache Spacing Theory - Galvez, D.; Kranstauber, G.; R. W. Kays; Jansen, P. A. (Animal Behaviour, 2009)
Optimal cache spacing theory predicts that scatter-hoarding animals store food at a density that balances the gains of reducing cache robbery against the costs of spacing out caches further. We tested the key prediction that cache robbery and cache spacing increase with the economic value of food: the ratio of food to consumer abundance. We quantified cache pilferage and cache spacing by the Central American agouti, Dasyprocta punctata, in the tropical forest of Barro Colorado Island, Panama, across 10 1 ha plots that encompassed a more than100-fold range in the availability of Astrocaryum palm seeds, the agouti's principal food. We found that caches were pilfered at higher rates in plots with lower seed availability, and that agoutis cached seeds further away and into lower densities where seed availability was lower. Food scarcity apparently increased the pressure of food competitors on caches, stimulating agoutis to put more effort into caching seeds to create lower cache densities, fully consistent with theory. We conclude that the optimal cache density depends not only on the nutritional value of food but also on the economic value, which may vary in space as well as time.
Keywords: cache pilferage; camera trapping; Central American agouti; Dasyprocta punctata; food availability; optimal cache spacing; scatter hoarding; Seed dispersal; tropical forest

Isotopic Analysis of the Ecology of Herbivores and Carnivores from the Middle Pleistocene Deposits of the Sierra de Atapuerca, Northern Spain - Garcia, N.; R. S. Feranec; Arsuaga, J. L.; Bermudez de Castro, J. M.; Carbonell, C. (Journal of Archaeological Science, 2009)
Carbon and oxygen isotope values reveal resource partitioning among the large mammal fauna from three contemporaneous Middle Pleistocene hominid-bearing localities within the Sierra de Atapuerca (northern Spain). Carbon isotope values sampled from the tooth enamel of fauna present during Atapuerca Faunal Unit 6 show that a C3-dominated ecosystem surrounded the area where fossils were preserved during this time. For the herbivores, Fallow deer isotope values are significantly different from Red deer and horses and show that this species did not forage in open environments at this locality. Red deer and horses show similar feeding strategies with less negative carbon values implying use of more open environments for these taxa. For the carnivores, carbon isotope values for Ursus deningeri are significantly different from either lions (Panthera leo) or foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and support the contention that this species is herbivorous. Special metabolic mechanisms involved in hibernation in U. deningeri might also have influenced its isotope values. The carbon isotope values of remaining carnivores were similar and suggest that each was typically a generalist carnivore, eating a wide variety of prey items. While the isotopic results generally correspond to ecology indicated by previous techniques, this study shows that isotope analyses can provide further insights that alternate techniques do not provide. Isotope analyses can help elucidate the ancient ecology of taxa present in the Sierra de Atapuerca during the Middle Pleistocene allowing for an accurate portrayal of the setting in which humans lived.
Keywords: C-13; Diet; Ecology; Enamel; Mammal; O-18; Pleistocene

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for Shower Building and Water/Gas Lines Replacement, Lake George Battlefield Campground, Town of Lake George, Warren County, New York - A. Gore (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for I-87, City of Plattsburgh, Clinton County, New York - A. Gore (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 7024.06, NY 22B, Hamlet of Morrisonville, Schuyler Falls, Clinton County, New York - A. Gore; V. A. Schmitt (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 7720.97.221, NYSDOT Commercial Vehicle Inspection Facility, Town of Champlain, Clinton County, New York - A. Gore (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 7804.89.101, NY 37, Town of Waddington, St. Lawrence County, New York--Addendum - A. Gore; M.S. LoRusso (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for Shower Building and Water/Gas Lines Replacement, Lake George Battlefield Campground, Town of Lake George, Warren County, New York - A. Gore (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 7720.79.211, US 11 over I-87, Town of Champlain, Clinton County, New York - A. Gore (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 7720.88.111, NY 22 over I-87, Town of Plattsburgh, Clinton County, New York - A. Gore (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Non-linear Relationship Between Bulk d13C and Percent Maize in Carbonized Cooking Residues and the Potential of False-negatives in Detecting Maize - J. P. Hart; Urquhart, G. R.; R. S. Feranec; Lovis, W. A. (Journal of Archaeological Science, 2009)
Bulk δ13C values on charred cooking residues adhering to pottery sherd interior surfaces have been used as a source of information on the histories of maize in various locations in the western hemisphere. This approach is based on an assumption of a linear relationship between the percent maize in the resource mix cooked in a pot and δ13C. Previous experiments suggest that this relationship is non-linear, and maize may not be identified from bulk δ13C values even when it contributed substantially to the resource mix. A second round of experiments, presented here, indicates that the mobilization of carbon from maize and C3 resources over time is the critical variable in residue formation and the resulting bulk δ13C value. This is influenced by the form of maize being cooked.
Keywords: Bulk δ13C; Maize history; Pottery residue; Prehistoric cooking techniques

On Pottery Change and Northern Iroquoian Origins: An Assessment from the Finger Lakes Region of Central New York - J. P. Hart; H. J. Brumbach (Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 2009)
Pots as tools is a concept that has been widely accepted and developed since Braun’s classic 1983 publication. However, in northeastern North America archaeologists continue to use pottery primarily as an aid to culture history and research problems based thereon. In central New York State it has been postulated that a change in pottery forming technique heralds the onset of Iroquoian pottery traditions at around AD 1000. Empirical data on pottery forming and two other pottery traits do not support this postulation. Rather the trends in these traits are consistent with social learning theory and changes in mobility and population aggregation. Following Engelbrecht (1999, 2003) we suggest that a more fruitful approach to understanding the evolution of northern Iroquoian groups is to be found in ethnogenesis theory as described by Moore (1994, 2001).
Keywords: Ethnogenesis; Local populations; Northern Iroquoians; Pottery; Social learning

The Use of Multiple Discriminant Analysis in Classifying Prehistoric Phytolith Assemblages Recovered from Cooking Residues - J. P. Hart; Matson, R. G. (Journal of Archaeological Science, 2009)
In the investigation of the dispersal of maize (Zea mays ssp. mays) from south-central Mexico to the northern and southern limits of agriculture in the Western Hemisphere archaeologists and paleoethnobotanists are increasingly turning to the microbotanical record. Recent analysis of phytolith assemblages from charred cooking residues on pottery sherds in central New York recovered using 209 rondel phytolith variables has identified maize as early as 2270 ± 35 B.P. In this article we use discriminant analysis to re-classify these rondel phytolith assemblages resulting in only seven variables. The results are consistent with those achieved earlier using many more variables and a less formal statistical approach in terms of classification and in similarity of the original and reduced data matrix as seen by the Mantel test and cluster analyses.
Keywords: Chord distance; Cluster analysis; Discriminant analysis; maize; Mantel test; Northeastern North American archaeology; Rondel phytoliths; Zea mays ssp. mays

Taxonomic Boundaries and Geographic Distributions Revealed by an Integrative Systematic Overview of the Mountain Coatis, Nasuella (Carnivora: Procyonidae) - Helgen, K. M.; R. W. Kays; Helgen, L. E.; Tsuchiya-Jerep, M. T. N.; Pinto, C. M.; Koepfli, K.-P.; Eizirik, E.; Maldonado, J. E. (Small Carnivore Conservation, 2009)
The procyonid taxon Nasuella Hollister, 1915, is currently recognized as a monotypic genus comprising the single species N. olivacea (Gray, 1865), the Mountain Coati, found in montane habitats (circa 1300-4250 m) in the Andes of Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador. In this study we utilize museum specimens to examine the phylogenetic relationships, taxonomy and geographic distribution of Nasuella populations with an integrative systematic approach. Drawing on morphological comparisons of pelage, cranial, and dental characters, and molecular comparisons of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b (from recent and historical samples), we confirm that Nasuella is closely related to other coatis (Nasua) and show that there are two deeply divergent lineages represented within the taxonomic bounds of Nasuella. We recognize and diagnose these taxa as two distinctive mountain coati species, corresponding to the Eastern Mountain Coati Nasuella meridensis (Thomas, 1901), endemic to the Venezuelan Andes, and the Western Mountain Coati N. olivacea, distributed in the Andes of Colombia and Ecuador. We use locality and habitat data associated with museum specimens to model the global geographic range of both species. From this we predict areas of undocumented (i.e., currently unvouchered) occurrence, areas of habitat loss associated with land use changes, and the geographic barrier separating the distributions of N. meridensis and N. olivacea. This newfound understanding of taxonomy and distribution should allow for a revised conservation assessment for mountain coatis.
Keywords: Andes; cytochrome b; ecomorphology; geographic range modeling; Nasua; Nasuella; Phylogenetics; taxonomy

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report for the Tobehanna Creek Site, Route 226 and Mud Lake Road, Town of Tyrone, Schuyler County, New York - S. Higgins (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Midiendo una metrópoli: metodología y asentamiento en Chunchucmil, Yucatán - Hutson, S. R.; Hixson, D.; Magnoni, R.; D. E. Mazeau; Dahlin, B. (Estudios de Cultura Maya, 2009)
Chunchucmil (northwest Yucatan, Mexico) and other large Maya sites from the Classic period often do not exhibit clear edges. Though clusters of massive architecture define the center of these sites, delimiting the extent of settlement sometimes requires arbitrary judgments. Yet many issues depend upon where those edges are and what they are like. For example, identities that may be shared, contested, and imagined in the social and physical construction of boundaries within and around sites. Research at Chunchucmil furnishes a number of lines of evidence for delimiting the edges of this city and the ways in which households beyond the edge affiliated themselves with the site. In other words, spatial concepts such as site and city are not necessarily isomorphic with relational concepts such as community. This paper presents the results of our fieldwork at the edges of Chunchucmil and discusses the kinds of difference that constitute community identity.
Keywords: Chunchucmil; Classic Period; Maya archaeology; Settlement patterns; Yucatan

Hydrothermal Alteration, Mass Transfer and Magnetite Mineralization in Dextral Shear Zones, Western Hudson Highlands, NY - Kalczynski, M. J.; Gates, A. E.; Gorring, M. L.; M. V. Lupulescu (2009)
Keywords: geology

Camera Traps as Sensor Networks for Monitoring Animal Communities - R. W. Kays; Kranstauber, B.; Jansen, P. A.; Carbone, C.; Rowcliffe, M.; Fountain, T.; Tilak, S. (IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks, 2009)
Studying animal movement and distribution is of critical importance to addressing environmental challenges including invasive species, infectious diseases, climate and land-use change. Motion sensitive camera traps offer a visual sensor to record the presence of a species at a location, recording their movement in the Eulerian sense. Modern digital camera traps that record video present new analytical opportunities, but also new data management challenges. This paper describes our experience with a year-long terrestrial animal monitoring system at Barro Colorado Island, Panama. The data gathered from our camera network shows the spatio-temporal dynamics of terrestrial bird and mammal activity at the site-data relevant to immediate science questions, and long-term conservation issues. We believe that the experience gained and lessons learned during our year long deployment and testing of the camera traps are applicable to broader sensor network applications and are valuable for the advancement of the sensor network research. We suggest that the continued development of these hardware, software, and analytical tools, in concert, offer an exciting sensor-network solution to monitoring of animal populations which could realistically scale over larger areas and time spans.
Keywords: biological techniques; cameras; video surveillance; wireless sensor networks; zoology

Family Procyonidae (Raccoons) - R. W. Kays (Handbook to Mammals of the World: Volume 1 - The Carnivores, 2009)
Keywords: biology

Fish and Wildlife Communities of the Adirondacks - R. W. Kays; R. A. Daniels (The Great Experiment in Conservation: Voices From the Adirondack Park, 2009)
Keywords: biology

Mammals of North America, second edition - R. W. Kays; Wilson, D. E. (Princeton Field Guides, 2009)
Keywords: biology

Proglacial Megaflooding Along the Margins of the Laurentide Ice Sheet - A. E. Kehew; Lord, M. L.; A. L. Kozlowski; Fisher, T. G. (Megaflooding on Earth and Mars, 2009)
Keywords: geology

Extinct Birds - J. J. Kirchman (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2009)
Keywords: biology

Genetic Tests of Rapid Parallel Speciation of Flightless Birds from an Extant Volant Ancestor - J. J. Kirchman (Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009)
Prior to the extinction wave that followed the human colonization of Oceania, flightless rails (Aves: Rallidae) were among the largest radiations of island birds, and perhaps the most species-rich example of convergent evolution in vertebrates. Insular flightless species are thought to have evolved from extant, volant species that colonized from continental sources and rapidly followed parallel adaptive pathways to flightlessness. The present study provides the first test of this model of speciation using genetic data sampled throughout the range of a putative ancestral species. Mitochondrial control region sequences from 71 individuals of the Gallirallus philippensis species complex reveal essentially no geographic structure within archipelagos and only weak structure among archipelagos, with no major genetic breaks except for birds sampled in the Philippines. Demographic tests of coalescent models support a recent rapid expansion into Oceania (including Australia) out of the Philippines approximately 20 000 years ago. The estimated coalescence of G. philippensis mitochondrial alleles approximately 33 000 years ago closely corresponds to the expansion of humans into the archipelagoes of Near Oceania, suggesting that humans may have facilitated its colonization by exterminating flightless competitors and clearing lowland forests. Phylogenetic analyses that included all G. philippensis haplotypes and samples from 11 single-island endemic flightless species of Gallirallus indicate that G. philippensis is polyphyletic, but is not the ancestor of most of its flightless congeners, as previously thought. Nuclear gene sequences (β-actin inron 3) suggest that G. philippensis polyphyly is at least partly due to hybridization. The flightless condition evolves in rails before reproductive isolation is complete. © 2009 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009, 96, 601–616.
Keywords: ancient DNA; insular flightlessness; island biogeography; mitochondrial control region; Oceania; reproductive isolation

Natural History Collections and Evolution - J. J. Kirchman (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2009)
Keywords: biology

Surficial Geology of the Cayuga Quadrangle, New York - A. L. Kozlowski; Smith, C.; Stefanik, P. A. (Map & Chart Series, 2009)

Cephalopods and Paleoenvironments of the Fort Cassin Formation (upper Lower Ordovician), Eastern New York and Adjacent Vermont - Kroger, B.; E. Landing (Journal of Paleontology, 2009)
The dramatic late Early Ordovician radiation of cephalopods on tropical paleocontinents is illustrated by the diverse fauna (21 genera, 30 species) of the Fort Cassin Formation (Floian and lower Blackhillsian Stage) in northeast Laurentia. Cephalopods occur through the thin (ca. 30–65 m) depositional sequence of the Fort Cassin but are most common and diverse in mollusk-rich, trilobite-poor parts of the formation that characterize the thrombolite-bearing intervals in the shoaling part of the highstand systems tract. This lithofacies-biofacies linkage persists from the Tribes Hill and Rochdale Formations (lower and lower upper Tremadocian, and upper Skullrockian and Stairsian Stages, respectively), and suggests that the Early Ordovician radiations of cephalopods took place in shallow-marine, thrombolite reef facies of tropical carbonate platforms. These habitats differed strongly from the near-shore, peritidal habitats of the older Cambrian evolutionary radiation. Genus-level diversity and absolute abundance changed little through the Skullrockian–Blackhillsian, but morphologic diversity and body size increased dramatically by the late Early Ordovician. The morphological diversification suggests cephalopods diversified into a wider variety of macropredators and more complex late Early Ordovician ecosystems. Anrangeroceras whitehallense n. gen. and n. sp. is proposed. The following are emended: the Protocycloceratidae, Centrotarphyceras and C. seelyi, Protocycloceras and P. lamarcki, and Rudolfoceras cornuoryx. The following are indeterminate and abandoned: Baltoceras? pusillum Ruedemann, 1906; Cameroceras annuliferum Flower, 1941; Cyptendoceras whitfieldi Ulrich et al., 1944; Endoceras? champlainense Ruedemann, 1906; Wolungoceras valcourense Flower, 1964. Beekmanoceras Ulrich and Foerste, 1936 is a gastropod.
Keywords: Cephalopoda; Fort Cassin Formation; Lower Ordovician; New York; Ordovician Radiation; Vermont

Taxonomy and Identification of Phoberia species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Catocalinae) - Lafontaine, J. D.; Dickel, T. S.; Schweitzer, D. F.; T. L. McCabe; Metlevski, J. (Lepidoptera Novae, 2009)
Keywords: biology

Nocturnal Activity by the Primarily Diurnal Central American Agouti (Dasyprocta punctata) in Relation to Environmental Conditions, Resources Abundance and Predation Risk - Lambert, T. D.; R. W. Kays; Aliaga-Rossel, E.; Jansen, P.; M. Wikelski (Journal of Tropical Ecology, 2009)
An animal's fitness is in part based on its ability to manage the inherent risks (foraging costs, predation, exposure to disease) with the benefits (resource gain, access to mates, social interactions) of activity (Abrams 1991, Altizer et al. 2003, Lima & Bednekoff 1999, Rubenstein & Hohmann 1989, Wikelski et al. 2001). Thus, understanding an animal's pattern of activity is key to understanding behavioural and ecological processes. However, while numerous laboratory methodologies are available to continuously quantify activity over long periods of time, logistical difficulties have greatly hindered activity studies of animals in the field (DeCoursey 1990).
Keywords: activity patterns; BCI; Panama; radio-telemetry; risk behaviour

Epeirogenic Transgression Near a Triple Junction: The Oldest (latest early-middle Cambrian) Marine Onlap of Cratonic New York and Quebec - E. Landing; L. Amati; Franzi, D. A. (Geological Magazine, 2009)
The discovery of a fossiliferous interval (Altona Formation, new unit) under the Potsdam Formation requires a new geological synthesis of a large part of the northeast Laurentian craton. Potsdam sandstones can no longer be regarded as the oldest sedimentary unit on the middle Proterozoic Grenville orogen in northern New York and adjacent Quebec and Ontario. The thickest Potsdam sections (to 750 m) in the east Ottawa–Bonnechere aulocogen have been explained by deposition with normal faulting possibly associated with Ediacaran rifting (c. 570 Ma) that led to formation of the Iapetus Ocean. However, sparse trilobite faunas show a terminal early Cambrian–middle middle Cambrian age of the Altona, and indicate much later marine transgression (c. 510 Ma) of the northeast Laurentian craton. Altona deposition was followed by rapid accumulation of lower Potsdam (Ausable Member) sandstone in the middle–late middle Cambrian. The Altona–Ausable succession is probably conformable. The Altona is a lower transgressive systems tract unit deposited on the inner shelf (sandstone, reddish mudstone, and carbonates) followed by aggradation and the deposition of highstand systems tract, current cross-bedded, in part terrestrial(?), feldspathic Ausable sandstone. Unexpectedly late Altona transgression and rapid Ausable deposition may reflect renewed subsidence in the Ottawa–Bonnechere aulocogen with coeval (terminal early Cambrian) faulting that formed the anoxic Franklin Basin on the Vermont platform. Thus, the oldest cover units on the northeast New York–Quebec craton record late stages in a cooling history near an Ediacaran triple junction defined by the Quebec Reentrant and New York Promontory and the Ottawa–Bonnechere aulocogen.
Keywords: Altona Formation; Cambrian; epeirogeny; Laurentia; Potsdam Formation; sequence stratigraphy; trilobites

Evolution, Environments, and the Earliest Squid Relatives - E. Landing (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2009)
Keywords: paleontology

The Oldest Cephalopods from East Laurentia - E. Landing; Kroger, B. (Journal of Paleontology, 2009)
Keywords: paleontology

MtDNA Origins of an Enslaved Labor Force from the 18th Century Schuyler Flatts Burial Ground in Colonial Albany, NY: Africans, Native Americans, and Malagasy? - Lee, E. J.; L. M. Anderson; Dale, V.; Merriwether, D. A. (Journal of Archaeological Science, 2009)
A burial ground located in the Town of Colonie, NY along the Hudson River revealed fourteen individuals dated from the 17th through the early 19th centuries. Bioarchaeological analysis suggested some of these individuals were of African ancestry who had worked and died on the property owned by the prominent Schuyler family. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis was carried out on skeletal remains of seven adults using restriction fragment length polymorphism typing and direct sequencing of the control region to infer their origins and relatedness. Results show that none of the individuals were maternally related, with four individuals identified as African haplogroup L, one identified as Native American haplogroup X, and two identified as haplogroup M and M7. Individuals of African ancestry correlate with published mtDNA data on African Americans and their geographical origins corroborate with the various exit points during the African slave trade to New York State. Individuals identified as haplogroup M7 and M resemble lineages found in Madagascar. Historical documents suggest several hundred people were imported from Madagascar through illegal trading to New York by the end of the 17th century. This study highlights the diverse origins of the enslaved labor force in colonial New York and contributes to our understanding of African American history in the northeast.
Keywords: African American; ancient DNA; Colonial New York; DNA; Native American

Women - J. A. Lemak (Civil Rights Movement: People and Perspectives, 2009)
Keywords: history

An Addendum Cultural Resource Survey Report of Reconfiguration of the Intersection at U.S. Route 9 and George Avenue/Maltaville Road, Town of Malta, Village of Round Lake, Saratoga County, New York - M. Lenardi; M.S. LoRusso (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2031.04.121, Route 294, Town of Boonville, Oneida County, New York - M. Lenardi; M.S. LoRusso (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Survey Report for PIN 9306.94.121, Route 7 over the Canadian Pacific Railway, Village of Cobleskill, Schoharie County, New York - M. Lenardi; M.S. LoRusso (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

A Cultural Resources Survey Addendum Report for An Architectural Survey of PIN 1460.31.101, NY 32 Feura Bush Road to Tarrytown Road, Town of New Scotland, Albany County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

A Report for a Structural Investigation of the Spooner House, PIN 1743.26.121, Five Corners Site Examination Addendum US 11 and NY 177, Hamlet of Adams Center and Town of Adams, Jefferson County, New York - M.S. LoRusso; Whelan, L.; Pellerin, J. (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Route 3 Context Study, Various Counties with the Adirondack Park - M.S. LoRusso; Pellerin, J. (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Foreword - J. C. Lothrop (Paleoamericans and Paleoenvironment at the Vail site, Maine, 2009)
Keywords: anthropology

The New York Paleoindian Database Project: A Call for Data - J. C. Lothrop (New York State Archaeological Society Newsletter, 2009)
Keywords: anthropology

Fluoro-Potassichastingsite from the Greenwood Mine, Orange County, New York: a New End-Member Calcic Amphibole - M. V. Lupulescu; Rakovan, J.; Dyar, M. D.; Robinson, G. W.; Hughes, J. M. (The Canadian Mineralogist, 2009)
Fluoro-potassichastingsite, ideally KCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)Si6Al2O22F2, is found in compact aggregates of crystals up to 1 cm size on the waste-rock dump at the Greenwood mine, in Harriman State Park, Tuxedo, Orange County, New York, USA. It is associated with magnetite, diopside, enstatite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, pyrite and, rarely, phlogopite. Fluoro-potassichastingsite is transparent, black to greenish in very thin fragments, and non-fluorescent in ultraviolet light; it has a vitreous luster and a greenish gray streak. The Mohs hardness is 6, Dmeas is 3.289 g/cm3, and Dcalc is 3.37 g/cm3. The {110} cleavage is perfect, and the fracture is conchoidal. It is biaxial negative, with α 1.668(2), β 1.688(2), γ 1.698(2), 2Vmeas 40–70°, 2Vcalc 70°, Y = b, Z ∧ c = 23°, and r < v. The observed pleochroism is X bluish green, Y green to brownish green, Z blue to light blue. The Gladstone– Dale compatibility index is superior, with 1 – (KP/KC) = 0.012 (based on empirical formula and calculated density). The mineral is monoclinic, space group C2/m, a 9.9480(3), b 18.1777(6), c 5.3302(2) Å, β 105.140(1)°, V 930.41(8) Å3, and Z = 2. The strongest eight X-ray powder-diffraction lines [d in Å(I)(hkl)] are: 8.499(100)(110), 3.151(76)(310), 2.830 (53)(330), 3.299(32) (240), 2.722(23)(151), 2.402(17)(350), 3.401(11)(131), and 1.661(10)(461). Combined electron-microprobe and Mössbauer data yield: SiO2 40.49, TiO2 0.11, Al2O3 10.29, V2O3 0.03, Cr2O3 0.01, Fe2O3 4.49, FeO 19.80, CaO 11.13, MgO 6.68, MnO 0.20, K2O 2.93, Na2O 1.24, F 2.23, Cl 0.61, H2O 0.70, O = (F+Cl) −1.08, sum 99.86 wt.%, which corresponds to the following crystal-chemical formula based on 24 [O + (OH) + F + Cl]: A(K0.59Na0.25)∑0.84B(Ca1.87Na0.13)∑2.00C(Fe2+2.60Mg1.56Fe3+0.53Al0.26 Mn0.03Ti0.01)∑4.99T(Si6.36Al1.64)∑8.00 O22.68O3[F1.11(OH)0.73Cl0.16]∑2.00. The ICP–MS analyses on a crystal fragment different than the one analyzed for major elements yielded the following trace-element concentrations (ppm): Cu 278.9, Rb 162.5, Y 343.2, La 257, Ce 568, Nd 156. The new species and name have been approved by IMA–CNMMN (2005–006).
Keywords: calcic amphibole; end member; fluoro-potassichastingsite; Grenville rocks; Hudson Highlands; New York; structure determination

Microminerals - M. V. Lupulescu (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2009)
Keywords: geology

Proterozoic Low Ti-Fe Oxide Deposits from New York, USA - M. V. Lupulescu (Mineralogy and Geodiversity: Tributes to the Career of Professor Emil Constantinescu, 2009)
Keywords: geology

Cultural Resource Pre-Reconnaissance and Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3104.18.101/BIN 4045180, Route 298, Bear Street, City of Syracuse, Onondaga County, New York - A. Lynch; C. B. Rieth; M.S. LoRusso (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3501.52.101, Sentinel Heights Road over Interstate 81, Town of Onondaga County, New York - A. Lynch; C. B. Rieth; V. A. Schmitt; J. Ross (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

With Mica We Mourn: Fort Ancient Mortuary Practices at Clark Rockshelter, Kentucky - MacDonald, D. H.; Manzano, B.; J. C. Lothrop; Cremeens, D. L.; Parker, K. C.; Shreckengost, B. (Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology, 2009)
Excavations in 2005-2006 at Clark Rocksheiter (15FD110) in eastern Kentucky yielded a unique Fort Ancient mortuary feature containing extremely fragmented human remains of two individuals, a child and an adult. The sandstone-slab burial pit at Clark Rockshelter also contained abundant mica, faunal and botanical remains, pottery, bone tools (bowl and bone pin/awl), as well as four beads (including one of marginella shell). Only approximately five percent of the skeletons are represented at the site because they were secondary reburial of cremated remains. Three radiocarbon dates, as well as the structure and content of the burial feature,  indicate interment of the Fort Ancient individuals together between approximately Cal ad 1100-1300. While the Clark Rocksheiter individuals were members of Fort Ancient culture, the presence of mica and a marines hell bead in the Clark Rocksheter burial indicates trade with North Carolina Pisgah phase cultures.
Keywords: Fort Ancient; mica; Mortuary

Cultural Resources Data Recovery Report of the Naima Site, PIN 0054.05.121 (Route 347 Reconstruction, Town of Smithtown and Brookhaven, Suffolk County, New York - D. E. Mazeau (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report of PIN 1755.55 (Berger Temp Site # 1), Village of Round Lake, Saratoga County, New York - D. E. Mazeau (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Purple Butterflies: One Species or Two? - T. L. McCabe (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2009)
Keywords: biology

Lichens and Bryophytes of the Alpine and Subalpine Zones of Katahdin, Maine, III: Bryophytes. - N. G. Miller (Bryologist, 2009)
Field studies on the east side of Mount Katahdin, Maine, from 2001 to 2004, and an appraisal of published and unpublished Katahdin records from previous work documented 203 different bryophytes (131 mosses and 72 liverworts) for subalpine conifer forest, alpine tundra and cirque walls, and krummholz in between. This work represents the only recent investigation of a high altitude bryoflora in the mountains of the northeastern United States. Two mosses (Hygrohypnum smithii, Pohlia tundrae) are new to this region, and six others, including Neckera oligocarpa, are new records for Maine. Investigations of Grimmia (4 spp.), Cynodontium (2 spp.) and Kiaeria (2 spp.) clarified the application of taxonomic concepts for these mosses relative to previous published work. In conjunction with parallel studies of Katahdin lichens, eight habitats were specified for the study area. These habitats were largely the same places as those recognized for lichens. The eight habitats differed in the number of Arctic mosses and in unique occurrences of various mosses and liverworts. Mean Arctic-boreal-cool temperate values, introduced as an analytical tool to evaluate the distributional affinities of Kathadin lichens, were calculated for bryophytes for seven of eight habitats. The mean for each habitat class was well predicted by a multiple regression equation, with altitude, solar gain and snowpack persistence, but not substratum, as independent variables. Upper and lower altitutinal limits of bryophyte species occurrence were determined. The documented presence of Katahdin alpine bryophytes in four other mountain areas in northeastern United States and adjacent Québec, Canada, showed fewer of them in western areas (the high Adirondack Mountains, New York and Mt. Mansfield, Vermont), a possible outcome of increasing oceanic conditions eastward.
Keywords: Alpine and subalpine bryofloras; bryophyte ecology and distribution; Katahdin; liverworts; Maine; mosses; northeastern United States and adjacent Canada; snow bed

The Moss Grimmia muhlenbeckii (Grimmiaceae) is Widespread in Eastern New York - N. G. Miller (Evansia, 2009)
Grimmia muehlenbeckii, hitherto unrecorded in the bryoflora of New York State, is documented from eight counties in a large part of eastern New York. In this region G. muehlenbeckii grows at low to middle altitude on calcareous, weakly calcareous, and acidic rock, usually on bedrock outcrops that are weathered. The earliest collection from this area dates to 1955.
Keywords: Grimmia muehlenbeckii; moss; New York

Review of: Hu Ren-liang, Wang You-fang, & Marshall R. Crobsy, Eds.-in-Chief, Si He, Ed., Moss Flora of China, English Version, Volume 7: Amblystegiaceae-Plagiotheciaceae - N. G. Miller (Harvard Papers in Botany, 2009)
Keywords: biology

Studies of Mosses Adventive and Naturalized in the Northeastern United States - N. G. Miller (Rhodaria, 2009)
Field and herbarium research has revealed three newly recognized introduced and naturalized mosses in the northeastern United States. Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, as that name is often applied in eastern North America, consists of a widespread common native species, R. subpinnatus, a carpet-forming moss of wet conifer and conifer-hardwood forest, and R. squarrosus in the strict sense, an introduced and naturalized moss that appears to be infrequent in eastern North America and restricted to weedy habitats such as lawns. Kindbergia praelonga is documented to occur on Nantucket Island, Massachusetts, in lawns in Nantucket town, indicating that it is a naturalized member of the bryoflora. There may also be native populations of this moss elsewhere in eastern North America, but this is unconfirmed. A moss of the southeastern and midwestern United States, Funaria flavicans, has been found with mature sporophytes in flower pots at a retail nursery on Nantucket Island in circumstances indicating it is an adventive. It may be a waif, or possibly a member of the naturalized bryoflora of Massachusetts, if in the future populations outside cultivation are found. New occurrences of a European moss, Psuedoscleropodium purum, from Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and in other places in eastern North America (Nova Scotia and North Carolina) add substantially to the previously known distribution of this moss. These new collections were in part from residential lawns and similar habitats outside of cemeteries where most of the previously known occurrences were concentrated, which may indicate that this moss is spreading.
Keywords: Funaria; Kindbergia; lawn moss; naturalized bryophytes; plant introduction; Pseudoscleropodium; Rhytidiadelphus

Interactions between Parasitism and Biological Responses in Zebra Mussels (Dreissena polymorpha): Importance in Ecotoxicological Studies - Minguez, L.; Meyer, A.; D. P. Molloy; L. Giamberini (Environmental Research, 2009)
Given that virtually all organisms are hosts for parasites, the investigation of the combined effects of contamination and parasitism is important in the framework of aquatic bioindication procedures. To assess the impact of such multistresses at the host cellular level, we sampled parasitized zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) populations from two sites in northeast France that presented different levels of contamination. Experimental groups were formed based on parasite species and host gender and tested by histochemistry and automated image analysis for biological responses, such as structural changes of the lysosomal system and neutral lipid accumulation. Infected organisms displayed smaller and more numerous lysosomes compared with uninfected congeners, and infection further elevated the effect of the chemical contamination on this biomarker. In contrast, co-infection of females with selected parasites did produce inverse results, i.e. a more developed lysosomal system and neutral lipid depletion. Our data, therefore, suggest that parasitism in zebra mussels represents a potential confounding factor in ecotoxicological studies and must be taken into account in environmental risk assessment studies.
Keywords: Biomarkers; Dreissena polymorpha; Environmental contamination; Parasites

Rare Fishes of Oswayo Creek and Upper Allegheny River. Final Report for Management of New York State's Fish Species of Greatest Conservation Concern, State Wildlife Grants--Grant T-5 - R. S. Morse; B. R. Weatherwax; R. A. Daniels (2009)
Keywords: biology

A Redescription of Catostomus utawana (Cypriniformes: Catostomidae) - R. S. Morse; R. A. Daniels (Copea, 2009)
We redescribe Catostomus utawana using specimens from an extant population and museum collections from the Adirondack region of New York and compare it to the widely distributed Catostomus commersonii. These species differ from each other in body depth, relative lengths of pectoral, anal, and pelvic fins, in the lengths of the dorsal-fin and anal-fin bases, and in several characteristics related to head shape and body depth. Catostomus utawana females in breeding condition have well-developed pearl organs on the anal fin, ventral lobe of the caudal fin, and on most of the scales found on the ventral half of the body posterior to the dorsal fin. Catostomus commersonii females in breeding condition usually lack pearl organs. Catostomus utawana males in breeding condition are extensively covered in pearl organs, whereas the pearl organs on C. commersonii males are typically limited to the anal and caudal fins, scales posterior to the dorsal fin, and on the head. Catostomus utawana males in breeding condition have a gold mid-lateral stripe and a gold patch above each eye; breeding females lack gold coloration. Catostomus utawana males and females lack red coloration throughout their spawning season. We propose using the common name of Summer Sucker for C. utawana.
Keywords: Adirondack Mountain Lakes; Catostomus utawana; New York; Summer Sucker

The Dialectics of Scale in the Historical Archaeology of the Modern World - Orser, C. E. (Paths or Sharing Tracks? Future Directions in the Archaeological Study of Post-1550 Britain and Ireland, 2009)
Keywords: anthropology

A Personal Statement about Twenty-First Century Modern-World Archaeology - Orser, C. E. (Desafios da Arqueologia: Depoimentos, 2009)
Keywords: anthropology

Review of 'Port Essington: The Historical Archaeology of a North Australian Nineteenth Century Military Outpost' by Jim Allen - Orser, C. E. (Australian Archaeology, 2009)
Keywords: anthropology

World-Systems Theory, Networks, and Modern-World Archaeology - Orser, C. E. (International Handbook of Historical Archaeology, 2009)
Keywords: anthropology

Cultural Resources Data Recovery Report for PIN 7780.04.101, Route 72, Parishville Center, St. Lawrence County, New York--Parishville Blacksmith and Wagon Shop - M. Pickands (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Monitoring Plan for the Rosendale Culvert, Route 213, Town of Rosendale, Ulster County, New York - C. B. Rieth (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Early European Settlement in the Northeast - C. B. Rieth (Archaeology in America: An Encyclopedia, 2009)
Keywords: anthropology

Letter Report Documenting Historic Significance of Pier Locations along Route 9P, City of Saratoga, Saratoga County, New York - C. B. Rieth (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Reanalyzing Scale in the Eastern Woodlands: The View from Eastern New York. - C. B. Rieth (Iroquoian Archaeology and Analytical Scale, 2009)
Keywords: anthropology Cultural Resources

Schoharie Creek III Site, Town of Jefferson, Schoharie County, New York - C. B. Rieth (Newsletter of the New York Archaeology Council, 2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Trace Element Analysis of Lithic Artifacts from the Trapp's Gap Site - C. B. Rieth (The Trapps Gap Site, 2009)
Keywords: anthropology Cultural Resources

Archaeological Data Recovery and Alternate Mitigation Plan for the Chodubski Site, PIN 3045.55.121, Route 104, City of Oswego, Oswego County, New York - J. Ross (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3057.57.121, Route 13 over Carter Creek, Town of Newfield, Tompkins County, New York - J. Ross; V. A. Schmitt (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report for the Auburn-Cato Plank Road Site, Route 34, Cayuga County, New York. - J. Ross (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report of the Auburn-Cato Plank Road Site, Route 34, Cayuga County, New York - J. Ross (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report of the Chodubski Site, PIN 3045.55.121, Route 104, City of Oswego, Oswego County, New York - J. Ross (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Art for the People: Decorated Stoneware from the Weitsman Collection - J. L. Scherer (Antiques & Fine Art, 2009)
Stoneware was the everyday ware of the nineteenth century. Used for such practical purposes as storing and serving food and liquids, it was also used to make such items as flower pots, banks, match holders, and pipes for tobacco. Potters often decorated stoneware with designs painted with a cobalt blue pigment that would withstand a high firing temperature. Salt thrown into the furnace would vaporize and produce a salt glaze finish.
Keywords: Adam Weitsman; New York; Stoneware

Distinctly Dutch - J. L. Scherer (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2009)
Keywords: history

Inferences on the Biology of Juvenile Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis) from Exuviae in a Hudson River Tributary, New York, USA - Schmidt, R. E.; R. A. Daniels; Swift, E. L.; Shadis, I. B. (Aquatic Invasions, 2009)
Exuviae of Chinese mitten crab were collected in the Saw Kill, a small tributary to the fresh-tidal Hudson River, in summer and early fall 2008. Most exuviae were found in July when water temperatures exceeded 21ºC and numbers declined with subsequent decreasing water temperatures. Sizes ranged from 12 to 45 mm CW and all were considered to be in their second summer (1+). Very small exuviae (≤ 15 mm CW) were present from early June through mid-August indicating recruitment to the Saw Kill all summer. Live mitten crabs were difficult to collect and therefore data from exuviae were useful in observing the early stage of this invasion.
Keywords: Chinese mitten crab; Hudson River; Invasive species; New York

Interpretation of Topographic Maps. New York State Museum Education Leaflet 36 - J. B. Skiba (2009)
Keywords: geology

Upper Ordovician Trenton-Black River Hydrothermal Dolomite Reservoirs of Eastern North America - L. B. Smith Jr. (NCKRI Symposium 1 Advance in Hypogene Karst Studies, 2009)
Keywords: geology

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1236.21.101, Route 29 over Black Creek, Town of Salem, Washington County, New York - Sobik, C.; C. B. Rieth (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report for Papscanee Creek Site 3, PIN 031.03.701, Empire Rail Corridor, Town of East Greenbush, Rensselaer County, New York - J. Sopko (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Archaeological Hike: History Underfoot - D. Staley (Newsletter of the Otsego Land Trust, 2009)
Keywords: anthropology Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2030.06.121, Route 315 over Oriskany Creek, Town of Marshall, Oneida County, New York - D. Staley; M.S. LoRusso (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2044.59.121, Proposed Public Road, Town of Mayfield, Fulton County, New York - D. Staley (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2056.75.121, Reconstruction of Routes 5, 8, and 12 Interchange, Town of New Hartford, Oneida County, New York - D. Staley; M.S. LoRusso (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2805.00.101, Route 5 Rock Catchment Fence, Town of Amsterdam, Montgomery County, New York - D. Staley (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2805.04.121, Route 291 over Crane Creek, Culvert Project 9, Town of Marcy, Oneida County, New York - D. Staley; M.S. LoRusso (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2805.05.121, Route 26 over Unnamed Creek, Town of Eaton, Madison County, New York - D. Staley; M.S. LoRusso (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Going Mobile: Archaeological Lessons from Historic Buckland Communities. - D. Staley (Shadowlands: Legacies from the Alaska Native Past, 2009)
Keywords: anthropology

State Archaeologists Conduct Research near Route 315 Bridge over Oriskany Creek - D. Staley (Newsletter of the Marshall Historical Society, 2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

A Great Day for Elmira: An Illustrated History of Twentieth-Century Grade Crossing Elimination Projects in Elmira and Elsewhere in New York - G. Stein (New York State Museum Memoir, 2009)
Keywords: history

Reconstructing the Origins of Praying Mantises (Dictyoptera, Mantodea): The Roles of Gondwanan Vicariance and Morphological Convergence - Svenson, G. J.; Whiting, M. F. (Cladistics, 2009)
A comprehensive taxonomic sampling of Mantodea (praying mantises), covering virtually all higher-level groups, was assembled to reconstruct the phylogeny of the order. Sequence data were generated from five mitochondrial and four nuclear loci (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, Histone III, Cytochrome Oxidase I & II, NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4, and Wingless) for 329 mantis exemplars along with seven cockroach and eight termite species. Only seven of 14 families, 14 of 33 subfamilies, and seven of 14 tribes were recovered as monophyletic, indicating that phylogeny is largely incongruent with classification. Mapping biogeographical regions on the phylogeny demonstrated that our results adhere closer to biogeographical distributions than to classification. Specific patterns in distribution suggest that major morphological convergences have confounded taxonomists’ ability to reconstruct natural groups. A major revision of higher-level relationships is in order through a comprehensive investigation of morphology and molecular data. We found that major mantis lineages diverged prior to and during the isolation of geographical regions and subsequent ecomorphic specializations within these regions may have led to convergences in morphology. Divergence time estimation places the origin of Mantodea at the beginning of the Jurassic with most modern mantises originating on Gondwana in the Cretaceous. The first major divergence among modern mantises occurred as a result of the north–south splitting of South America and Africa. Subsequent divergences resulted from the breakup of Gondwana. The position of the Indian subcontinent appears to be central to the diversification of Afrotropical and Indomalayan mantises while Antarctica may have served as the conduit for the mantis invasions into South America and Australasia. When India separated from Antarctica and drifted north it distributed mantis lineages back into the Afrotropics and carried a diverse taxonomic assemblage to Asia.
Keywords: Mantodea; phylogeny; praying mantises

Entomologically Famous, Evolutionarily Unexplored: The First Phylogeny of the Lanternfly Family Fulgoridae (Insecta: Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea) - J. M. Urban; J. R. Cryan (Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2009)
Lanternflies (Insecta: Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) are frequently used as examples of unusual morphological evolution, with some species (such as the peanut-headed bug, Fulgora laternaria Linnaeus) also ubiquitously cited as icons of tropical insect biodiversity. Despite that entomological notoriety, the phylogeny of this charismatic planthopper family has never before been studied. Presented here are the results of a phylogenetic investigation of Fulgoridae based on DNA nucleotide sequence data from five genetic loci (18S rDNA, 28S rDNA, histone 3, wingless, and cytochrome oxidase I). The resulting topologies are used to test the higher classification of Fulgoridae, which is based primarily on characters associated with the curious head morphology of many included species. Analyses include a taxonomic sample of 69 fulgorid species representing 46 (of 110) genera, 10 (of 11) tribes, and all 8 currently recognized subfamilies. Results of this study: (1) demonstrate the need for a revised classification of Fulgoridae, particularly at the higher taxonomic levels; (2) suggest that the genus Zanna is excluded from a monophyletic Fulgoridae; (3) indicate that there have been multiple losses of the extended head process across fulgorid evolution, with what appears to be convergence (in shape and/or loss) in distantly related lineages; and (4) suggest two alternative biogeographic hypotheses to explain the distribution of extant Fulgoridae, with either an Old World origin and a single subsequent colonization of the New World, or a contemporaneous diversification of Old and New World lineages.
Keywords: Biogeography; Fulgoridae; Lanternflies; phylogeny; Planthoppers

Berne Earthquakes - C. A. Ver Straeten (Friends of Thacher and Thompsons Lake State Parks Newsletter, 2009)
Keywords: geology