The Classic Devonian of the Catskill Front: A Foreland Basin Record of Acadian Orogenesis - C. A. Ver Straeten (81st Annual Meeting Guidebook, 2009)
Keywords: geology

Devonian T-R cycle IB: the 'Lumping' of Emsian Sea Level History - C. A. Ver Straeten (Palaeontographica Americana, 2009)
Keywords: geology

Evidence for Three-Toed Sloth (Bradypus variegatus) Predation by Spectacled Owl (Pulsatrix perspicillata) - Voirin, J. B.; R. W. Kays; Lowman, M. D.; M. Wikelski (Edentata, 2009)
We detected the nighttime death of a radio-collared three-toed sloth (Bradypus variegatus) with an automated radio telemetry system in a Panamanian moist forest. Forensic evidence collected at the fresh carcass, including five pairs of zygodactyl puncture wounds, and the consumption of only soft tissue, suggests that the predator was a large owl, probably Pulsatrix perspicillata. Telemetry data, feces in the sloths' rectum, and old sloth feces at the base of the tree near the carcass suggest that the sloth was descending to the ground to defecate when it was killed. If correct, this is the first record of P. perspicillata killing such a large prey, highlighting the importance of crypsis, and not self-defense, as sloths' anti-predator strategy. This event also suggests there are high risks for sloths climbing to the ground to defecate, a puzzling behavior with no clear evolutionary advantage discovered yet.
Keywords: BCI; Panama; predation; radio-telemetry; risk behavior; sloth

Mitochondrial DNA Analysis Indicates Sea Lampreys Are Indigenous to Lake Ontario: Response to Comment - Waldman, J.; R. A. Daniels; Hickerson, M.; Wirgin, I. (Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 2009)
Whether sea lampreys Petromyzon marinus are native to Lake Ontario (and Lake Champlain) has been vigorously argued for more than half a century. In earlier decades, this debate was restricted to subjective consideration of historical records of Lake Ontario fishes versus information on the construction of canals hypothesized to have provided a route for colonization in the 19th century and on post-Pleistocene geologic changes to the drainage that might have allowed a much earlier natural invasion. Later, with the development of molecular genetic tools, another, perhaps more objective mode of analysis became available and these studies of two independent genomes indicated that the sea lamprey was indeed indigenous to Lake Ontario (Waldman et al. 2004; Bryan et al. 2005) and Lake Champlain (Bryan et al. 2005; Waldman et al. 2006). But even DNA analyses are equivocal in the sense that highly unlikely, but nonetheless nonfalsifiable alternative scenarios can be proposed to explain what appear to be one-sided results. Eshenroder provides a service to this controversy by examining in detail, and thus testing, these recent genetic-based publications for their treatment of alternative hypotheses. We, in kind, use this opportunity to reexamine and extend our own analyses. Unlike Eshenroder's comment, our response leads with the genetic argument because if sea lampreys can be reasonably demonstrated to be native to inland New York, then identification of a possible recent dispersal route becomes less important.
Keywords: Lake Ontario; Mitochondrial DNA Analysis; Petromyzon marinus; sea lampreys

Road-Cut Mineral Occurrences of St. Lawrence County, New York - Walter, M.; S. C. Chamberlain (Rocks & Minerals, 2009)
The Oxbow road cut in St. Lawrence County, New York, has produced an enormous quantity of calcite specimens during the past fifty years. These range in size from thumbnail specimens to large-cabinet specimens and in quality from good to outstanding. Of particular interest to collectors has been the presence of penetration twins of simple rhombohedra, the so-called Rossie-habit twins. The locality remains productive to the present day.
Keywords: Calcite; New York; rhombohedra

Berenice Abbott's 'Changing New York' - Williams, C. (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2009)
Keywords: history

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 3057.52.121, Route 13 Bridge over Abandoned NYC Railroad, Town of Williamstown, Oswego County, New York - L. J. Xinakes; N. L. Davis; V. A. Schmitt (New York State Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration, 2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 3057.52.121, Route 13 Bridge over Abandoned NYC Railroad, Town of Williamstown, Oswego County, New York - L. J. Xinakes; N. L. Davis; V. A. Schmitt (2009)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Home-range use by the Central American Agouti (Dasyprocta punctata) on Barro Colorado Island, Panama - Aliaga-Rossel, E.; R. W. Kays; Fragoso, J. M. V. (Journal of Tropical Ecology, 2008)
This study investigates the movements and home range of the agouti (Dasyprocta punctata) on Barro Colorado Island, Panama. We captured and tracked 12 agoutis from January to December 2003. Home-range size (95% kernel) ranged from 1.56–2.45 ha (n = 6) for males and 1.34–1.97 ha (n = 5) for females. Agouti ranges overlapped and we estimated a density of approximately 100 agoutis km−2. We compared agouti movement with the locations of refuges and food trees, and the results suggest that the agoutis are central-place foragers. Agoutis moved an average of 850 m d−1 covering approximately 35% of their range daily. These movement data help us understand the potential impacts of agoutis as seed dispersers, predicting that D. punctata will encounter and hoard fallen fruit within 10–200 m (i.e. radius of home range) of its source, and move seeds towards refuges such as ground holes and dense vegetation around recent tree falls.
Keywords: agouti; Dasyprocta punctata; habitat use; home range; mammal density; predation risk; space use

The Use of Lithic Resources in a Coastal Environment: Quartz Technology on Long Island, New York - Bernstein, D.J.; M. Lenardi (Current Approaches to the Analysis and Interpretation of Small Lithic Sites in the Northeast, 2008)
Keywords: anthropology

Environmental Influences on Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Body-size Variation in California Ground Squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi) - Blois, J.L.; R. S. Feranec; Hadly, E.A. (Journal of Biogeography, 2008)
Aim  In order to understand how ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi) may respond to future environmental change, we investigated five biotic and environmental factors potentially responsible for explaining body-size variation in this species across California. We examined the concordance of spatial patterns with temporal body-size change since the last glacial maximum (LGM). Location  California, western North America. Methods  We quantified body size of modern populations of ground squirrels (n = 81) and used a model-selection approach to determine the best variables (sex, vegetation, number of congeners, temperature and/or precipitation) explaining geographical variation in body size among modern populations. We also quantified body size of one fossil population in northern California (n = 39) and compared temporal body-size change in S. beecheyi at this location since the LGM with model predictions. Results  Body size of modern populations conformed to Bergmann’s rule, with larger individuals in northern (wetter and cooler) portions of California. However, the models suggest that precipitation, rather than temperature or other variables, may best explain variation in body size across modern spatial gradients. Our conclusion is supported by the temporal data, demonstrating that the body size of S. beecheyi has increased in northern California since the LGM, concordant with precipitation but not temperature change in the region. Main conclusions  Precipitation, rather than temperature, vegetation or number of congeneric species, was the main factor explaining both spatial and temporal patterns of body-size variation in S. beecheyi. The integration of space and time provides a powerful mechanism for predicting how local populations may respond to current and future climatic changes.
Keywords: Bergmann’s rule; body size; California ground squirrel; climate change; last glacial maximum; North America; precipitation; Spermophilus beecheyi

An Introduction to archaeological drafting using AutoCad Map 3D. - H. Brown; Pellerin, J. (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Of, By, and For the People: WPA Art at the New York State Museum - Burch, R. J. (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2008)
Keywords: history

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2095.31.121, Intersection of Route 163 and Route 88, Town of Canajoharie, Montgomery County, New York - J. S. Cardinal (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cubic Tetrahexahedra Magnetite: Crystals from the Fowler Orebody, Zinc Corporation of America No. 4 Mine, Balmat, St. Lawrence County, New York - S. C. Chamberlain; Robinson, G. W.; M. V. Lupulescu; Morgan, T. C.; Johnson, J. T.; Delorraine, W. B. (Rocks & Minerals, 2008)
In 1991, the Zinc Corporation of America’s (ZCA) mining operation to recover sphalerite from the stratabound Fowler orebody near Balmat in St. Lawrence County, New York, encountered an altered area of unusual mineralogy. Magnetite crystals occurred either lining halite-filled veins, along with anhydrite, sphalerite, and calcite, or frozen in a matrix of halite and talc together with pods of zoned massive sulfides. The magnetite crystals have unusual morphology and may well rank among the finest examples of the species yet found.
Keywords: magnetite; New York; sphalerite

Discover of Flourine-Dominant Dravite near Gouverneur, St. Lawrence County, New York - S. C. Chamberlain; M. V. Lupulescu; Rowe, R. (Rocks & Minerals, 2008)
In 1999, Hawthorne and Henry published a proposed classification scheme for the tourmaline group. They reexamined the currently approved fourteen end-members of the tourmaline-group minerals and identified potential new end-members based on their  compositional variations. They organized all of them into three groups: alkali tourmalines, calcic tourmalines, and X-site vacant tourmalines. One of these, a potential new end-member alkali tourmaline, is fluorine-dominant dravite, which they designated fluor-dravite, NaMg3Al6Si6O18(BO3)3(OH)3F. In this article we report a significant occurrence of fluorine-dominant dravite in crystallized specimens of interest to collectors. We think this is a new tourmaline species, and a proposal to the International Mineralogical Association will be submitted.
Keywords: alkali tourmalines; calcic tourmalines; X-site vacant tourmalines

Surficial Geology of the Clintondale 7.5-Minute Quadrangle, Ulster County, New York - Connally, G. G. (Map & Chart, 2008)

Interaction Location Outweighs the Competitive Advantage of Numerical Superiority in Cebus capucinus Intergroup Contests - M. C. Crofoot; Gilby, I. C.; M. Wikelski; R. W. Kays (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2008)
Numerical superiority confers a competitive advantage during contests among animal groups, shaping patterns of resource access, and, by extension, fitness. However, relative group size does not always determine the winner of intergroup contests. Smaller, presumably weaker social groups often defeat their larger neighbors, but how and when they are able to do so remains poorly understood. Models of competition between individuals suggest that location may influence contest outcome. However, because of the logistical difficulties of studying intergroup interactions, previous studies have been unable to determine how contest location and group size interact to shape relationships among groups. We address this question by using an automated radio telemetry system to study intergroup interactions among six capuchin monkey (Cebus capucinus) social groups of varying sizes. We find that the odds of winning increase with relative group size; one additional group member increases the odds of winning an interaction by 10%. However, this effect is not uniform across space; with each 100 m that a group moves away from the center of its home range, its odds of winning an interaction decrease by 31%. We demonstrate that contest outcome depends on an interaction between group size and location, such that small groups can defeat much larger groups near the center of their home range. The tendency of resident groups to win contests may help explain how small groups persist in areas with intense intergroup competition.
Keywords: between-group competition; intergroup dominance; payoff asymmetries; resource holding potential

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 8463.15, Route 213 Southern Embankment Repair, Town of Rosendale, New York - B. R. Dale; M.S. LoRusso; Moragne, S. (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Data Recovery Report of the Raymond Dale and James Holloway Sites, Town of Schoharie, Schoharie County, New York - B. R. Dale (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

The Raymond Dale site: A case study of upland camp potential - B. R. Dale (Newsletter of the New York Archaeological Council, 2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

The Beef is in the River - R. A. Daniels (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2008)
Keywords: biology history

Fish and Other Collections Move Off-Site - R. A. Daniels (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2008)
Keywords: biology

Fish Movement Among Lakes: Are Lakes Isolated? - R. A. Daniels; R. S. Morse; Sutherland, J. W.; Bombard, R. T.; C. W. Boylen (Northeastern Naturalist, 2008)
The concept of a lake as an isolated unit is a central theme in research and management of freshwater systems. Support is based on direct observations of lake communities. Studies undertaken in the last several decades lend tacit support because the methods used in both research and management often do not question the underlying notion that lake communities are essentially isolated. In a study of fish assemblages in interconnected lakes, we noted movement of tagged fish among lakes. We also found that species introduced to one lake were later captured in neighboring lakes. We found that fish species in lake assemblages did not differ from those in inlet and outlet stream assemblages; although relative abundance varied, species richness and composition did not. This finding suggests that fish assemblages in lakes are not isolated. Rather, immigration and emigration from streams and other lakes occurs. Although few individuals migrated to new lakes, any movement can affect population structure (e.g., through recolonization, gene flow) and management goals (e.g., spread of disease). Consequently, we suggest that methods commonly used to assess fish assemblages in lakes and the concept of the lake as a management unit may need to be reconsidered. Rather than be treated as isolated populations, fishes in lake communities may be better treated as a watershed-wide metapopulation.
Keywords: fish assemblages; isolation; lakes

Cultural Resources Data Recovery Plan for PIN 3037.53.121, Route 31 Realignment, Town of Clay, Onondaga County, New York - N. L. Davis (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Glacial Geology of the Northern Hudson through Southern Champlain Lowlands. Guidebook to Field Trips. - De Simone, D. J.; Wall, G. R.; N. G. Miller; Rayburn, J. A.; A. L. Kozlowski (2008)
Keywords: geology paleontology

Cultural Resource Survey Report for PIN 1807.09.101, US 4 Flooding Repair and Old Champlain Canal Clean Out from American's Creek North to Kroma Kill, Town of Stillwater, Saratoga County, New York. - R. Dean (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Data Recovery Report of the Alvord Plaster Mill Site and Alvord Lime Kiln Site for PIN 3019.14.121, Route 173 and 91, Village of Jamesville, Town of Dewitt, Onondaga County, New York - R. Dean (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Phase IA Survey for PIN 1807.09.101, Old Champlain Canal, US 4 Flood Repair, Town of Stillwater, Saratoga County, New York - R. Dean (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1024.07.121, NY 196 Bridge/Maple Street over the Glens Falls Feeder Canal, Village of Hudson Falls, Washington County, New York - R. Dean (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1805.68.101, Ferry Road Bridge, Niska Isle, Town of Niskayuna, Schenectady County, New York - R. Dean; V. A. Schmitt (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Shear Wave Testing for Soil Loss Over Culverts - Duskin, P.; Pullammanappallil, S.; A. L. Kozlowski (Journal of National Council on Highway Geophysics, 2008)
Keywords: geology

Growth Differences in the Saber-Tooth of Three Field Species - R. S. Feranec (Palaios, 2008)
Analysis of the saber-tooth morphology within the Felidae indicates that canines of various saber-toothed species grow differently. Stable oxygen isotopes analyzed from tooth enamel reveal that the scimitar-toothed Homotherium serum, which possessed short, broad sabers, had tooth crown growth rates similar to modern lions. This contrasts with the longer and thinner, dirk-toothed saber species in the genus Smilodon, S. gracilis and S. fatalis, which had much faster growth rates. With a more rapid growth rate, Smilodon reduced the total duration of crown growth to a period of time similar to that observed in modern lions, even though its tooth crown was twice as large. While comparable in overall morphology, developmental differences may reflect ecological differences among taxa bearing saber-toothed canines.
Keywords: Homotherium serum; saber-tooth; Smilodon; Stable oxygen isotopes

Mortal Combat: How the Cohoes Mastodon Died - R. S. Feranec (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2008)
Keywords: biology paleontology

Using Stable Isotopes as an Additional Tool to Understand Ancient Human Environments - R. S. Feranec (Coloquios de Paleontologia, 2008)
Keywords: anthropology paleontology

Who Dunnit? What Caused the End-Pleistocene Extinction in North America? - R. S. Feranec (Dig, 2008)
Keywords: paleontology

Ocelots on Barro Colorado Island Are Infected with Feline Immunodeficiency Virus but Not Other Common Feline and Canine Viruses - Franklin, S. P.; R. W. Kays; Moreno, R.; TerWee, J. A.; Troyer, J. E.; VandeWoude, S. (Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 2008)
Transmission of pathogens from domestic animals to wildlife populations (spill-over) has precipitated local wildlife extinctions in multiple geographic locations. Identifying such events before they cause population declines requires differentiating spillover from endemic disease, a challenge complicated by a lack of baseline data from wildlife populations that are isolated from domestic animals. We tested sera collected from 12 ocelots (Leopardus pardalis) native to Barro Colorado Island, Panama, which is free of domestic animals, for antibodies to feline herpes virus, feline calicivirus, feline corona virus, feline panleukopenia virus, canine distemper virus, and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), typically a species-specific infection. Samples also were tested for feline leukemia virus antigens. Positive tests results were only observed for FIV; 50% of the ocelots were positive. We hypothesize that isolation of this population has prevented introduction of pathogens typically attributed to contact with domestic animals. The high density of ocelots on Barro Colorado Island may contribute to a high prevalence of FIV infection, as would be expected with increased contact rates among conspecifics in a geographically restricted population.
Keywords: Barro Colorado Island; FIV; Leopardus; ocelot; serology

Abstracts The Northeast Natural History Conference X - R. J. Gill (New York State Museum Circular, 2008)
Keywords: biology

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 7500.74.121, CR 63 over Interstate 81 in the Town of Watertown, Jefferson County, New York - A. Gore; V. A. Schmitt (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Data Recovery Plan for Fort La Presentation Site, City of Ogdensburg, St. Lawrence County, New York - A. Gore (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 7078.15.122, Route 11B, Town of Dickenson, Franklin County, New York--Addendum - A. Gore; M.S. LoRusso (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 7720.89.111, Route 442/Bear Swamp Road, Town of Peru, Clinton County, New York - A. Gore; V. A. Schmitt (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report for Fort Presentation, Town of Ogdensburg, St. Lawrence County, New York - A. Gore (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Current Northeast Paleoethnobotany II - J. P. Hart (New York State Museum Bulletin, 2008)
Keywords: anthropology

Evolving the Three Sisters: The Changing Histories of Maize, Bean, and Squash in New York and the Greater Northeast - J. P. Hart (Current Northeast Paleoethnobotany II, 2008)
Keywords: crop history; Cucurbita pepo; maize-bean-squash agriculture; paleoethnobotany; Phaseolus vulgaris; Zea mays ssp. mays

Introduction - J. P. Hart (Current Northeast Paleoethnobotany II, 2008)
Keywords: crop history; maize; Maritime Provinces; New England; New York; Ontario; paleoethnobotany; Zea mays ssp. maize

Review of: Histories of Maize: Multidisciplinary Approaches to the Prehistory, Linguistics, Biogeography, Domestication, and Evolution of Maize, edited by John E. Staller, Robert H. Tykot, and Bruce F. Benz - J. P. Hart (American Antiquity, 2008)
Keywords: crop dispersals; crop history; domestication; maize; Zea mays ssp. maize

Separating the Three Sisters - J. P. Hart (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2008)
Keywords: anthropology

Taking Variation Seriously: Testing the Steatite Mast-Processing Hypothesis with Microbotanical Data from the Hunter's Home Site, New York - J. P. Hart; Reber, E. A.; Thompson, R. G.; Lusteck, R. (American Antiquity, 2008)
In a series of recent publications, Truncer (2004a, 2004b, 2006) presents a hypothesis that during what he interprets as the peak period of use (cal. 2500--1500 B.C.) in eastern North America, steatite (soapstone) vessels were specialized cooking tools used to process mast. A key component of Truncer’s hypothesis building is his interpretation of an analysis of fatty acids extracted from charred residue adhering to four steatite sherds, which he interpreted to be consistent with mast. This is the only component of his hypothesis building that directly links steatite vessel use to mast processing. Here we convey the results of a reassessment of Truncer’s analytical results and the results of our own analysis of phytoliths and fatty acids extracted from charred residue adhering to three sherds from the Hunter’s Home site. Our results undermine this key component of Truncer’s hypothesis building and therefore the hypothesis itself.
Keywords: acorns; cooking residue analysis; cooking vessels; lipids; phytoliths; soapstone; Steatite

A New Collection of Minerals - M. Hawkins (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2008)
Keywords: geology

Cultural Resource Site Examination Report for the Mrs. Stone Site, PIN 3045.51.121, Route 104, Town of Scriba and City of Oswego, Oswego County, New York - S. Higgins (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Data Recovery Plan for PIN 8004.02.101, Intersection of Route 6 and Bear Mountain Parkway, Town of Cortlandt, Westchester County, New York (Paul J. Higgins Site) - S. Higgins; C. B. Rieth (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report for PIN 8004.02.101, Intersection of NYS Route 6 and Bear Mountain Parkway, Town of Cortlandt, Westchester County, New York - S. Higgins (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Suboperation 19 and 20 Complexes: a Classic-period Mound group west of Site Core - S. Higgins (San Estevan Archaeological Project 2008: Report to the Department of Archaeology, Belmopan, Belize, 2008)
Keywords: anthropology

Suboperation 9, 10, and 18 Complexes: Two Small Mounds Northwest of the Site Core - S. Higgins (San Estevan Archaeological Project 2008: Report to the Department of Archaeology, Belmopan, Belize, 2008)
Keywords: anthropology

To Preserve and Protect - Frisbee Houde, C. (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2008)
Keywords: history

Site and Community at Chunchucmil and Ancient Maya Urban Centers - Hutson, S. R.; Hixson, D.; Magnoni, A.; D. E. Mazeau; Dahlin, B. (Journal of Field Archaeology, 2008)
Classic Period lowland Maya urban centers often lack sharp boundaries due to progressive dispersal of residential settlement. This dispersal gives rise to questions about the concept of site and the notion of community affiliation. Research on settlement patterns at Chunchucmil, an urban center in NW Yucatan, Mexico, dating to the 5th and 6th centuries A.D., explores the issue of site boundaries and the social and economic implications of such boundaries. Detailed mapping, test pitting, and reconnaissance reveal that Chunchucmil had three densely occupied, concentric, contemporaneous zones of settlement covering between 20 and 25 sq km and inhabited by a population of up to 42,500. Data from both within and beyond the density thresholds marking the edge of the city imply the existence of communities whose boundaries do not always follow those of the site. A portion of the hinterland settlement close to the edge of the city shows stronger economic and social connections with the city, for example. These connections enable the delineation of Greater Chunchucmil, extending 5 km from Chunchucmil's center. The work at Chunchucmil also allows comparison with other large Maya cities that have been systematically documented. This comparison highlights considerable variability in Maya urban forms and in how these cities relate to their peripheries.
Keywords: Chunchucmil; Classic Period; lowland Maya; urban centers

Landscape Ecology of Eastern Coyotes Based on Large-Scale Estimates of Abundance - R. W. Kays; Gompper, M. W.; Ray, J. C. (Ecological Applications, 2008)
Since their range expansion into eastern North America in the mid-1900s, coyotes (Canis latrans) have become the region's top predator. Although widespread across the region, coyote adaptation to eastern forests and use of the broader landscape are not well understood. We studied the distribution and abundance of coyotes by collecting coyote feces from 54 sites across a diversity of landscapes in and around the Adirondacks of northern New York. We then genotyped feces with microsatellites and found a close correlation between the number of detected individuals and the total number of scats at a site. We created habitat models predicting coyote abundance using multi-scale vegetation and landscape data and ranked them with an information-theoretic model selection approach. These models allow us to reject the hypothesis that eastern forests are unsuitable habitat for coyotes as their abundance was positively correlated with forest cover and negatively correlated with measures of rural non-forest landscapes. However, measures of vegetation structure turned out to be better predictors of coyote abundance than generalized “forest vs. open” classification. The best supported models included those measures indicative of disturbed forest, especially more open canopies found in logged forests, and included natural edge habitats along water courses. These forest types are more productive than mature forests and presumably host more prey for coyotes. A second model with only variables that could be mapped across the region highlighted the lower density of coyotes in areas with high human settlement, as well as positive relationships with variables such as snowfall and lakes that may relate to increased numbers and vulnerability of deer. The resulting map predicts coyote density to be highest along the southwestern edge of the Adirondack State Park, including Tug Hill, and lowest in the mature forests and more rural areas of the central and eastern Adirondacks. Together, these results support the need for a nuanced view of how eastern coyotes use forested habitats.
Keywords: abundance; Adirondack State Park; Canis latrans; eastern coyote; fecal DNA; landscape ecology; New York; noninvasive survey

Not-So-Sleepy Sloths: Animal EEG Studies Enlighten Scientists - R. W. Kays (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2008)
Keywords: biology

Remote Cameras - R. W. Kays; Slauson, K. M. (Noninvasive Survey Methods for Carnivores, 2008)
Keywords: animal tracking; camera traps; remote cameras

Remote Cameras as a Tool for Broad Scale Wildlife Surveys - R. W. Kays (Proceedings of the 2007 Animal-Borne Imaging Symposium, 2008)
Keywords: biology

Focus on Nature X: Natural History Illustration - Kernan, P.; N. G. Miller (New York State Museum, The University of the State of New York, 2008)
Keywords: biology

Focus on Nature X: Natural History Illustration - Kernan, P. (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2008)
Keywords: biology

Priceless Art: Natural and Cultural History Illustrations Provide a Visual Record of Research and Publication Activities - Kernan, P. (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2008)
Keywords: biology

Bird Egg Specimens: An Ova-looked Treasure - J. J. Kirchman (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2008)
Keywords: biology

The New York State Museum Bird Collection: A Resource for Educators and Ornithologists - J. J. Kirchman (The Kingbird, 2008)
Keywords: biology

Invaders - Kolozsvary, M. B. (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2008)
Keywords: biology

Onset of the Ordovician Cephalopod Radiation-evidence from the Rochdale Formation (middle Early Ordovician, Stairsian) in Eastern New York - Kroger, B.; E. Landing (Geological Magazine, 2008)
The Rochdale Formation of eastern New York (= Fort Ann and lower Bascom formations, designations abandoned) is now recognized to record the earliest stages of the Great Ordovician Radiation of cephalopods. The earliest Bassleroceratidae, Tarphyceratidae and endoceridans on the east Laurentian shallow carbonate platform occur in the upper, thrombolite-bearing member of the Rochdale. This fauna demonstrates that the earliest radiation of Ordovician nautiloids took place in the late Tremadocian and is best recorded in tropical platform facies. Revision of this cephalopod fauna based on approximately 190 specimens collected along a 200 km, N–S belt in easternmost New York has provided new information on inter- and intraspecific variation of earlier described species. The ellesmerocerid Vassaroceras and the endocerids Mcqueenoceras and Paraendoceras are emended. New taxa include Bassleroceras champlainense sp. nov. and B. triangulum sp. nov., Mccluskiceras comstockense gen. et sp. nov., Exoclitendoceras rochdalense gen. et sp. nov. and Paraendoceras depressum sp. nov. A rank abundance plot of 146 specimens from a locality in the Lake Champlain lowlands provides information on the community structure of a nautiloid fauna in which the longiconic cyrtoconic Bassleroceras is shown to dominate strongly. The nautiloid community structure of the Rochdale Formation is similar to that of the underlying Tribes Hill Formation (late early Tremadocian) with respect to the depositional setting, diversity and evenness but displays a remarkably increased taxonomic distinctness.
Keywords: cephalopods; Early Ordovician; Evolution; Laurentia; New York

Faunas and Cambrian Volcanism on the Avalonian Marginal Platform, Southern New Brunswick - E. Landing; Johnson, S. C.; G. Geyer (Journal of Paleontology, 2008)
The Cambrian inlier at Beaver Harbour, southern New Brunswick, is now confidently referred to the marginal platform of the late Proterozoic–Early Paleozoic Avalon microcontinent. The sub-trilobitic Lower Cambrian Chapel Island and Random Formations are unconformably overlain by the mafic volcanic-dominated Wade's Lane Formation (new). Late Early Cambrian trilobites and small shelly taxa in the lowest Wade's Lane demonstrate a long Random–Wade's Lane hiatus (middle Terreneuvian–early Branchian). Latest Early–middle Middle Cambrian pyroclastic volcanism produced a volcanic edifice at Beaver Harbour that is one of three known volcanic centers that extended 550 km along the northwest margin of Avalon. Middle Middle Cambrian sea-level rise, probably in the Paradoxides eteminicus Chron, mantled the extinct volcanics with gray-green mudstone and limestone of the Fossil Brook Member. Black, dysoxic mudstone of the upper Manuels River Formation (upper Middle Cambrian, P. davidis Zone) is the youngest Cambrian unit in the Beaver Harbour inlier. Lapworthella cornu (Wiman, 1903) emend., a senior synonym of the genotype L. nigra (Cobbold, 1921), Hyolithellus sinuosus Cobbold, 1921, and probably Acrothyra sera Matthew, 1902a, range through the ca. 8 m.y. of the trilobite-bearing upper Lower Cambrian, and H. sinuosus and A. sera persist into the middle Middle Cambrian. Lapworthella cornu and H. sinuosus replaced the tropical taxa L. schodackensis (Lochman, 1956) and H. micans Billings, 1872, in cool-water Avalon.
Keywords: Avalon microcontinent; Cambrian

Albany, New York and the Great Migration - J. A. Lemak (Afro-Americans in New York Life and History, 2008)
The Great Migration was a period between 1910 and 1940 of rapid population shift when hundreds of thousands of southern African Americans resettled in the North hoping to find better employment, housing, and education for their children, and less racial discrimination. However, upon arrival in the North, blacks found hard, dirty, industrial employment, poor housing, mediocre schools, and racial discrimination. Yet, African Americans continued to flock to the North's urban centers until the 1960s. Albany, New York, similar to other northern cities, experienced an influx of southern migrants during this time that changed the face of the city forever.
Keywords: African Americans; Albany; Great Migration; New York

From the Toy Box - J. A. Lemak (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2008)
Keywords: history

Southern Life, Northern City: The History of Albany's Rapp Road Community - J. A. Lemak (State University of New York Press, 2008)
Keywords: history

Cultural Resource Survey Report for PIN 3753.16.121, Wetland Mitigation and Monitoring Area, Town of Manlius, Onondaga County, New York - M. Lenardi (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3753.76.121, North Burdick Street over the Old Erie Canal, Town of Manlius, Onondaga County, New York - M. Lenardi; V. A. Schmitt (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Architectural Survey of Lake Ontario State Parkway (PIN 4947.14.121), Monroe and Orleans County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

A New Look at Paleoindian Lifeways in the Ice Age - J. C. Lothrop (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2008)
Keywords: anthropology

Amphibole-Group Minerals from New Your State - M. V. Lupulescu (Rocks & Minerals, 2008)
Keywords: geology

The Cicero ClayPits: A True Micromount Mineral Locality in Central New York - M. V. Lupulescu; M. Hawkins; S. C. Chamberlain (Rocks & Minerals, 2008)
Keywords: geology

Minerals Beneath Manhattan - M. V. Lupulescu (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2008)
Keywords: geology

Minerals from the Iron Deposits of New York State - M. V. Lupulescu (Rocks & Minerals, 2008)
The principal goal of this article is to present the important minerals from the New York State iron deposits. Not all the minerals identified in these deposits can be seen by the naked eye; some are found only in thin sections, and others are not aesthetically impressive, making them of limited collector interest. In general, these will not be noted here, except for those that represent very rare occurrences; they will be mentioned along with their localities, but with no detailed descriptions.
Keywords: geology

Mining History, Mineralogy and Origin of the Gneiss (Granite)-hosted Fe-P-REE and Fe Oxide and Gabbro-hosted Ti-Fe Oxide Deposits from the Mineville-Port Henry Region, Essex County, NY - M. V. Lupulescu; Pyle, J. (2008)
Keywords: geology

Tourmaline-Group Minerals from New York State - M. V. Lupulescu (Rocks & Minerals, 2008)
Tourmaline is a chemically complex group of silicates. Essentially, it is an aluminum boron silicate with extensive substitutions at the different crystallographic sites that confer varied physical properties to the mineral. Mineral collectors very much appreciate the size and beauty of tourmaline crystals, and thus the species of the group have become among the most hunted of the mineral world
Keywords: geology

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2018.97.121, Route 28, Town of Arietta, Hamilton County, New York - A. Lynch; V. A. Schmitt (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Predispersal Home Range Shift of an Ocelot Leopardus pandalis (Carnivora: Felidae) on Barro Colorado Island, Panama - Mares, R.; Moreno, R. S.; R. W. Kays; M. Wikelski (Revista de Biología Tropical, 2008)
Home range shifts prior to natal dispersal have been rarely documented, yet the events that lead a subadult to abandon a portion of its home range and venture into unfamiliar territories, before eventually setting off to look for a site to reproduce, are probably related to the causes of dispersal itself. Here, we used a combination of manual radio-tracking and an Automated Radio Telemetry System to continuously study the movements of a subadult male ocelot (Leopardus pardalis), a solitary carnivore with sex-biased dispersal, on Barro Colorado Island, Panama, for 18 months from May 2003 through October 2004. The subadult ocelot?s parents were also radio-tracked to record possible parent-offspring interactions within their home ranges. At the age of ca. 21 months the subadult gradually began to shift its natal home range, establishing a new one used until the end of the study, in an area that had previously been used by another dispersing subadult male. Only three parent-offspring interactions were recorded during the four months around the time the range-shift occurred. The apparent peaceful nature of these encounters, along with the slow transition out of a portion of his natal home range, suggest the subadult was not evicted from his natal area by his parents. The timing of the shift, along with the subadult?s increase in weight into the weight range of adult ocelots four months after establishing the new territory, suggests that predispersal home range shifts could act as a low risk and opportunistic strategy for reaching adult size, while minimizing competition with parents and siblings, in preparation for an eventual dispersal into a new breeding territory.
Keywords: automated radio telemetry; desplazamiento del ámbito hogareño; home range shift; Leopardus pardalis; ocelot; ocelote; Predispersal; Predispersión; radio-telemetría automatizada; subadult; subadulto

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1248.14.121, Route 149, Town of Queensbury, New York - D. E. Mazeau (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1248.14.121, NY Route 9L, Town of Queensbury, Warren County, New York - D. E. Mazeau (New York State Museum, 2008)

Cultural Resources Site Exam for PIN 1757.55.101, The Ryan Site (Berger Temporary Site 4125-01), Round Lake, Saratoga County, New York. - D. E. Mazeau (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

NYS Lepidoptera Species of Special Concern at Minnewaska State Preserve: Zale curema, Polypogon martha, Apharetra dentata, Glena cognataria - T. L. McCabe (2008)
Keywords: biology

The Bryoflora of Martha's Vineyard - N. G. Miller (Island Life, A Catalog of the Biodiversity On and Around Martha's Vineyard, 2008)
Keywords: biology

Bryological Results of the 31st A. L. Andrews Foray in Rhode Island - N. G. Miller; Buck, W. R. (Evansia, 2008)
A bryological inventory of four natural areas in northeastern and southern Rhode Island documented the presence of 97 mosses (including 13 peat mosses) and 21 liverworts. While no modern checklist of Rhode Island bryophytes exists, the list of the species found is a starting point for further exploration and documentation of the bryoflora of this New England State.
Keywords: bryophytes; moss; Rhode Island

Bryum tenuisetum and B. violaceum, Mosses with Rhizoid Tubers New to New England, U.S.A - N. G. Miller (Evansia, 2008)
The rhizoid-tuber-bearing mosses, Bryum tenuisetum and B. violaceum, have been found on Nantucket Island, Massachusetts, on acidic sandy soil in areas of anthropogenic disturbance. Neither one has evidently been reported before for New England, and they are known only from a few places elsewhere in eastern North America. The plants of B. violaceum had strongly papillose rhizoids (vs. smooth according to descriptions of plants from elsewhere) but agree with other collections in various diagnostic characteristics. Plants in both collections were without sporophytes, which is typical of these dioicous bryums.
Keywords: bryophytes; Bryum tenuisetum; Bryum violaceum; rhizoid-tuber-bearing mosses

The Cohoes Mastodon and Younger Dryas in Eastern New York - N. G. Miller (Glacial Geology of the Northern Hudson Through Southern Champlain lowlands. Guidebook to Field Trips., 2008)
Keywords: paleontology

Contemporary and Prior Environments of the Hyde Park, New York, Mastodon, on the Basis of Associated Plant Macrofossils - N. G. Miller (Mastodon Paleobiology, Taphonomy, and Paleoenvironment in the Late Pleistocene of New York State: studies on the Hyde Park, Chemung, and North Java Sites, 2008)
Keywords: biology paleontology

A Look Back: Bryologist Lewis Caleb Beck - N. G. Miller (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2008)
Keywords: biology history

Archaeological Pre-Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3024.08.121/BIN 1041810, Bridge Rehabilitation at Route 221 over Merrill Creek, Town of Marathon, Cortland County, New York - Moragne, S.; C. B. Rieth; J. Ross (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

The Hyde Park Mastodon Site, Dutchess County, New York, Stratigraphy and Basin Profile Based on Field Observation and Ground Penetrating Radar - Nester, P. L.; Brown, L. D.; N. G. Miller (Mastodon Paleobiology, Taphonomy, and Paleoenvironment in the Late Pleistocene of New York State: studies on the Hyde Park, Chemung, and North Java Sites, 2008)
Keywords: biology geology paleontology

The Archaeology of African American Slave Religion in the Antebellum South - Orser, C. E. (Southern Crossroads: Perspectives on Religion and Culture, 2008)
Keywords: anthropology

*CA Comment on - From an Archaeology of Iconoclasm to an Anthropology of the Body: Images, Punishment, and Personhood in England, 1500-1660 by C. Pamela Graves - Orser, C.E. (Current Anthropology, 2008)
Keywords: anthropology

Ceramics: A Window to the Past - Orser, C. E. (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2008)
Keywords: anthropology

The Global and the Local in Modern-World Archaeology - Orser, C. E. (Constructing Post Medieval Archaeology in Italy: A New Agenda, 2008)
Keywords: anthropology

Historical Archaeology as Modern-World Archaeology in Argentina - Orser, C. E. (International Journal of Historical Archaeology, 2008)
Historical archaeology has grown at a remarkable pace in the last decade. South America has seen a major growth in historical archaeology, with archaeologists in Argentina playing a large role in the maturation of the discipline on the continent. Much of this archaeology can be characterized as “modern-world archaeology” because of the archaeologists’ interest in issues relevant to post-Columbian cultural history.
Keywords: Argentina; Historical archaeology; South America

Historical Archaeology in Ireland - Orser, C. E.; Donnelly, C. (Encyclopedia of Archaeology, 2008)
Keywords: anthropology

Historical Archaeology, Methods of - Orser, C. E. (Encyclopedia of Archaeology, 2008)
Keywords: anthropology

Cultural Resources Data Recovery Plan for PIN 1804.42.123, Route 914V, Town of Glenville, Schenectady County, New York - M. Pickands (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Molecular Identification of Lice from Pre-Columbian Mummies - Raoult, D.; Reed, D. L.; Dittmar, K.; J. J. Kirchman; Rolain, J-M; Guillen, S.; Light, J. E. (The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2008)
Keywords: anthropology biology

Sleeping Outside the Box: Electroencephalographic Measures of Sleep in Sloths Inhabiting a Rainforest - Rattenborg, N.; Voirin, B.; Vyssotski, A. L.; R. W. Kays; Spoelstra, K.; Kuemmeth, F.; Heidrich, W.; M. Wikelski (Biological Letters, 2008)
Keywords: biology

Pine Resins and Pottery Sealing: Analysis of Absorbed and Visible Pottery Residues from Central New York State - Reber, E. A.; J. P. Hart (Archaeometry, 2008)
Analysis was performed on absorbed and visible residues from 21 New York State prehistoric pottery sherds dating from 2905 ± 35 bp (Intcal04) (1256–998 cal bc) to 425 ± 40 bp (Intcal04) (1417–1626 cal ad). The use of pine resin was detected in 10 of 12 absorbed residue samples and 11 of 17 sherds subjected to visible residue analysis. It seems likely that the pots were resin-sealed to make them more impermeable, constituting the first chemical evidence of extensive resin-sealing in North America. A comparison of the results of absorbed and visible residues from eight of the sherds indicates that the two kinds of residue provide complementary evidence of vessel use.
Keywords: Absorbed Residue Analysis; GC/MS; lipids; Pine Resins; Pottery Sealing; Visible Residue Analysis

Visible Clues: The Analysis of Visible Pottery Residues from New York State with Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometery - Reber, E. A.; J. P. Hart (Current Northeast Paleoethnobotany II, 2008)
Keywords: cooking residues; gas chromatography/mass spectrometery; lipids; Pottery

Archaeological Monitoring, Treatment, and Data Recovery Plan for PIN 2125.15.121, Route 30A, Village of Fonda, Montgomery County, New York - C. B. Rieth; Moragne, S. (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Archaeological Monitoring, Treatment, and Data Recovery Plan for PIN 2064.01.122, Route 5S Corridor including ramp at Culvert Ave, City of Utica, Oneida County, New York - C. B. Rieth; Moragne, S.; Pellerin, J. (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Archaeological Practice and Review in New York - C. B. Rieth; Mackey, D. P. (New York State Archaeological Association Newsletter, 2008)
Keywords: anthropology Cultural Resources

Beyond the Village: Assessing Upland Contexts during the Late Woodland Period - C. B. Rieth (Newsletter of the New York Archaeological Council, 2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

The Catskill I and II Sites: Two Early Late Prehistoric Upland Camps in Eastern New York - C. B. Rieth (The Bulletin: Journal of the New York Archaeological Association, 2008)
Keywords: anthropology

Cultural Resources Data Recovery Report for PIN 3037.56.121, Bailey Site, Town of Belgium, Onondaga County, New York - C. B. Rieth; Pellerin, J.; T. Thomas (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Data Recovery Report for The Thomas-Kahn Site, Town of Clay, Onondaga County, New York - C. B. Rieth; T. Thomas; Pellerin, J. (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Monitoring and Data Recovery Report for PIN 2044.58, Town of Wells, Herkimer County, New York - C. B. Rieth (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Current Approaches to the Analysis and Interpretation of Small Lithic Sites in the Northeast - C. B. Rieth (New York State Museum Bulletin, 2008)
Keywords: anthropology

Early Woodland Settlement and Land Use in Eastern New York - C. B. Rieth (Journal of Middle Atlantic Archaeology, 2008)
Excavations were recently conducted at the Schoharie Creek II site in Schoharie County, New York as part of a state and federally funded highway project. This work revealed stratified soils that produced artifacts dating to the Early Woodland period (ca. 1000 B.C. - A.D. 100). The data derived during this excavation provide insights into the settlement, and land use practices of these hunter-gatherer populations and their interaction with other groups in eastern New York. This information is important to understanding the prehistory of the Schoharie Valley and eastern New York.
Keywords: Early Woodland; New York; Schoharie Creek

Future Considerations for the Analysis and Interpretation of Small Lithic Sites in the Northeast - C. B. Rieth (Current Approaches to the Analysis and Interpretation of Small Lithic Sites in the Northeast, 2008)
Keywords: anthropology

Introduction - C. B. Rieth (Current Approaches to the Analysis and Interpretation of Small Lithic Sites in the Northeast, 2008)
Keywords: anthropology

Preface - C. B. Rieth (Current Approaches to the Analysis and Interpretation of Small Lithic Sites in the Northeast, 2008)
Keywords: anthropology

Review of American Anthropology 1921-1945: Papers from the American Anthropologist - C. B. Rieth (Anthropology Review Database, 2008)
Keywords: anthropology

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3023.07.101, Route 69 and Munger Hill Road, Town of Mexico, Oswego County, New York - J. Ross; V. A. Schmitt (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3314.34.121, Route 34 over the Erie Barge Canal, Town of Brutus and Cato, Cayuga County, New York - J. Ross; M.S. LoRusso (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Steoneware Jar by Paul Cushman - J. L. Scherer (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2008)
Keywords: history

Tickling the Ivories: The NYSM Piano Collection Symbolizes a Bygone Era - J. L. Scherer (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2008)
Keywords: history

Architectural Survey Report of PIN 7016.60.121, North State Street and Shady Avenue, Village of Lowville, Lewis County, New York - V. A. Schmitt (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2004.08.121, Route 51, Town of German Flatts, Herkimer County, New York - V. A. Schmitt (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

New and Significant Chromosome Numbers in Spiranthes - C. J. Sheviak (The Native Orchid Conference Journal, 2008)
Keywords: biology

A Tradition of Published Research - J. B. Skiba (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2008)
Keywords: history

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1043.52.101, Route 9 Spier Falls Road, Town of Moreau, Saratoga County, New York - Sobik, C.; M.S. LoRusso; C. B. Rieth (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2018.98.121, Route 28, Town of Newport, Herkimer County, New York - Sobik, C.; M.S. LoRusso; C. B. Rieth (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Data Recovery Plan for PIN A031.01.701, Upper Castleton Landings Site, Town of Schodack, Rensselaer County, New York - J. Sopko (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Data Recovery Plan for Upper Castleton Landing Site, Village of Castleton on Hudson, Rensselaer County, New York - J. Sopko (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey and Site Examination Report of 1740 to 1759 Fortified French Windmill, British Hut, Late Woodland and French Hut Site. - J. Sopko; A. Lynch; Sobik, S.; T. Thomas; L. J. Xinakes (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN A031.03.701, Wetland Mitigation Report, Town of East Greenbush, Rensselaer County, New York - J. Sopko (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN A031.03.701, Empire Rail Corridor, Alternate C, Town of East Greenbush, Rensselaer County, New York - J. Sopko (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for Addendum to PIN 2018.60.121 Reconstruction of NY 28, Town of Forestport, Oneida County, New York - D. Staley (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2004.08.121, Route 51, First Street to Village Boundary, Village of Illion, Town of German Flatts, Herkimer County, New York. - D. Staley; J. Ross; Moragne, S.; A. Lynch (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2018.60.121, NY 28, Town of Forestport, Oneida County, New York. - D. Staley (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 2057.46.121, Route 13 from Chapel to Elm Streets, Village of Canastota, Madison County, New York - D. Staley; V. A. Schmitt (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report of the Baptist Site and Morgan Site, Route 51, Town of German Flatts, Herkimer County, New York - D. Staley; J. Ross (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Letter Report for PIN 2LA 1209, Route 12B, Town of Hamilton, Madison County, New York - D. Staley (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

The Life and Times of an Early Ford Dealer: Christian F. Weber of Albany, New York - G. Stein (The Model T Reconsidered: Proceedings from the World of the Model T Conference, 2008)
Keywords: history

Suffrage Wagon: Rolling for Women's Right to Vote - G. Stein (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2008)
Keywords: history

Domesticated Landscapes - Terrell, J. E.; J. P. Hart (Handbook of Landscape Archaeology, 2008)
Keywords: anthropology

Perch Lake's Enigmatic Mounds - Van Nest, J. (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2008)
Keywords: anthropology

Earth's Oldest Liverworts--Metzgeriothallus sharonae sp. nov. from the Middle Devonian (Givetian) of Eastern New York - L. VanAller Hernick; E. Landing; Bartowski, K. E. (Review of Palaeobotany & Palynology, 2008)
Liverworts are generally regarded as rare elements in Palaeozoic floral assemblages. However, a focus on dark gray to black shales and siltstones in the Middle–Late Devonian Catskill Delta of eastern New York shows that liverworts are locally quite common as well-preserved, apparently parautochthonous specimens in thin, lenticular, dark gray–black shale and siltstone lenses. These lenses are either dysoxic–anoxic lacustrine or estuarine facies deposited under oxygen-stratified water masses or rapidly deposited flood plain deposits that were not oxidized after deposition. Carbonized remains of the upper Middle Devonian (Givetian) liverwort Metzgeriothallus sharonae sp. nov. are locally common in these lenses. Well-preserved thalli (gametophytes) are only evident by projecting polarized light on the shale and siltstone surfaces. An associated sporophyte capsule is the first evidence of a reproductive structure in a Devonian liverwort. Metzgeriothallus sharonae sp. nov. is the oldest known liverwort. The age of the new species helps recalibrate chloroplast DNA studies that have led to proposals of the timing of liverwort diversification by showing that the evolutionary separations of the Jungermanniopsida and Marchantiopsida and of the Metzgeriidae and Jungermanniidae [previously thought to be Late Devonian and Late Carboniferous, respectively] were no younger than late Middle Devonian.
Keywords: liverworts; taphonomy; preservation; Devonian; New York; Metzgeriothallus sharonae n. sp

Volcanic Tephra Bed Formation and Condensation Processes: A Review and Examination from Devonian Stratigraphic Sequences - C. A. Ver Straeten (Journal of Geology, 2008)
Keywords: geology

Larva of Abablemma (Noctuidae) with Notes on Algivory and Lichenivory in Macrolepidoptera - Wagner, D. L.; T. L. McCabe (Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 2008)
Keywords: biology

Defining Public History: Is It Possible? Is It Necessary? - Weible, R. (Perspectives on History, 2008)
Keywords: history

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Screening Report for PIN 1248.14.121, Route 149, Martindale Road to Washington County Line, Town of Queensbury, Warren County, New York - Williams, J. (New York State Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration, 2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Screening Report for PIN 1248.14.121, Route 149, Martindale Road to Washington County Line, Town of Queensbury, Warren County, New York - Williams, J. (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2044.59.121, Route 30 and 29, Town of Mayfield, Fulton County, New York - L. J. Xinakes; N. L. Davis; M.S. LoRusso (2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2044.59.121, Route 30 and 29, Town of Mayfield, Fulton County, New York - L. J. Xinakes; N. L. Davis; M.S. LoRusso (New York State Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration, 2008)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Before Albany An Archaeology of Native-Dutch Relations in the Capital Region 1600-1664 - J. A. Bradley (New York State Museum Bulletin, 2007)
Keywords: anthropology history

Cultural Resources Data Recovery Plan for the Howes-Arkles Site, Town of Thompson, Sullivan County, New York - J. S. Cardinal (2007)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 7019.15.121, Route 190, Town of Altona, Clinton County, New York - J. S. Cardinal; V. A. Schmitt (2007)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report for The Howes-Arkles Site, PIN 9067.17.121, Route 17 over the Neversink River, Town of Thompson, Sullivan County, New York - J. S. Cardinal (2007)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

A Renaissance in New York Mineralogy - S. C. Chamberlain (Rocks & Minerals, 2007)
Welcome to the New York State issue of Rocks & Minerals. New York has a long and significant history in mineralogy and paleontology and today is undergoing something of a renaissance in both collecting and mineralogical research, as described below.
Keywords: Mineralogy; New York

The Rochester Mineralogical Symposium: A World-Class Event - S. C. Chamberlain (Rocks & Minerals, 2007)
Every April a major international event for mineral collectors occurs in New York State—the Rochester Mineralogical Symposium (RMS). The symposium is an activity of the Rochester Academy of Science, one of the oldest such organizations in the United States (http://www.rasny.org). RMS’s mission is to provide an annual, multifaceted event for the exchange of information about specimen mineralogy in all its various aspects. Participants typically include a mix of curators, academics, students, and collectors at all levels of expertise.
Keywords: Mineralogy; New York; Rochester

Zr and Hf Diffusion in Rutile - Cherniak, D. J.; Manchester, J.; Watson, E. B. (Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2007)
Chemical diffusion of Zr and Hf under anhydrous conditions has been measured in synthetic and natural rutile. The sources of diffusant used were hafnon or zircon powders or a hafnon–rutile mixture. Experiments were run in crimped Pt capsules in air, or in sealed silica glass capsules with solid buffers (to buffer at NNO or QFM). Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) was used to measure Zr and Hf diffusion profiles. From these measurements, the following Arrhenius relations were obtained: For Zr diffusion parallel to c, over the temperature range 750–1100 °C DZr¦c = 9.8 × 10− 15 exp(− 170 ± 30 kJ mol− 1/RT) m2 s− 1 For Hf diffusion parallel to c, over the temperature range 800–1000 °C DHf¦c = 9.1 × 10− 15 exp(− 169 ± 36 kJ mol− 1/RT) m2 s− 1 For Hf diffusion normal to c, over the temperature range 750–1050 °C DHf⊥c = 2.5 × 10− 12 exp(− 227 ± 62 kJ mol− 1/RT) m2 s− 1   Diffusivities for experiments buffered at QFM and NNO are similar to those run in air. Diffusivities in synthetic and natural rutile are likewise similar, indicating that these findings can be applied directly in determining Zr diffusivities in rutile in natural systems. These data indicate that rutile should be moderately retentive of Zr chemical signatures, with Zr diffusivities within an order of magnitude of those for Pb in rutile over most geologic conditions. When applied in evaluation of the relative robustness of the recently developed Zr-in-rutile geothermometer [T. Zack, R. Moraes, A. Kronz, Temperature dependence of Zr in rutile: empirical calibration of a rutile thermometer, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 148 (2004) 471–488., E.B. Watson, D.A. Wark, J.B. Thomas, Crystallization thermometers for zircon and rutile, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 151 (2006) 413–433.], these findings suggest that Zr concentrations in rutile will be somewhat more likely to be affected by later thermal disturbance than the geothermometer based on Zr concentrations in titanite [L. Hayden, E.B.Watson, D.A. Wark, A thermobarometer for sphene, Abstract, 16th V.M. Goldschmidt Conference (2006).], and much less resistant to diffusional alteration subsequent to crystallization than the Ti-in-zircon geothermometer [E.B. Watson, D.A. Wark, J.B. Thomas, Crystallization thermometers for zircon and rutile, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 151 (2006) 413–433., E.B.Watson, T.M.Harrison, Zircon thermometer reveals minimum melting conditions on earliest Earth, Science 308 (2005) 841–844.].
Keywords: diffusion; geothermometry; hafnium; Rutherford Backscattering spectrometry; rutile; zirconium

A New Platanthera (Orchidaceae) from Yosemite National Park, California - Colwell, A.E.L.; C. J. Sheviak; Moore, P.E. (Madrono, 2007)
A new species, Platanthera yosemitensis Colwell, Sheviak and P. Moore, from Mariposa County, California, is described and illustrated. Endemic to wet montane meadows between the main stem and the South Fork of the Merced River in Yosemite National Park, it is distinct from Platanthera stricta Lindl., P. sparsiflora (S. Wats.) Schlecter, and P. purpurascens (Rydb.) Sheviak & W. F. Jennings based on vegetative habit, floral morphology, color, and fragrance and pollination mechanics.
Keywords: California; Orchidaceae; Platanthera; Sierra Nevada; Yosemite National Park

Cultural Resources Data Recovery Plan for the Raymond Dale and James Holloway Site, Town of Schoharie, Schoharie County, New York - B. R. Dale (2007)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report for the Roger's Island and #3 Bridge Sites, Town of Fort Edward, Washington County, New York - B. R. Dale (2007)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Structurally Controlled Hydrothermal Dolomite Reservoir Facies: An Overview: Reply - Davies, G. R.; L. B. Smith Jr. (AAPG Bulletin, 2007)
Structurally controlled hydrothermal dolomite (HTD) reservoir facies and associated productive leached limestones are major hydrocarbon producers in North America and are receiving increased exploration attention globally. They include multiple trends in the Ordovician (locally, Silurian and Devonian) of the Michigan, Appalachian, and other basins of eastern Canada and the United States, and in the Devonian and Mississippian of the Western Canada sedimentary basin. They also occur in Jurassic hosts along rifted Atlantic margins, in the Jurassic–Cretaceous of the Arabian Gulf region and elsewhere. Hydrothermal dolomitization is defined as dolomitization occurring under burial conditions, commonly at shallow depths, by fluids (typically very saline) with temperature and pressure (T and P) higher than the ambient T and P of the host formation. The latter commonly is limestone. Proof of a hydrothermal origin for HTD reservoir facies requires integration of burial-thermal history plots, fluid-inclusion temperature data, and constraints on timing of emplacement. Hydrothermal dolomite reservoir facies are part of a spectrum of hydrothermal mineral deposits that include sedimentary-exhalative lead-zinc ore bodies and HTD-hosted Mississippi Valley–type sulfide deposits. All three hydrothermal deposits show a strong structural control by extensional and/or strike-slip (wrench) faults, with fluid flow typically focused at transtensional and dilational structural sites and in the hanging wall. Transtensional sags above negative flower structures on wrench faults are favored drilling sites for HTD reservoir facies. Saddle dolomite in both replacive and void-filling modes is characteristic of HTD facies. For many reservoirs, matrix-replacive dolomite and saddle dolomite appear to have formed near-contemporaneously and from the same fluid and temperature conditions. The original host facies exerts a major influence on the lateral extent of dolomitization, resultant textures, pore type, and pore volume. Breccias, zebra fabrics, shear microfractures, and other rock characteristics record short-term shear stress and pore-fluid-pressure transients, particularly proximal to active faults. High-temperature hydrothermal pulses may alter kerogen in host limestones, a process designated “forced maturation.” Basement highs, underlying sandstone (and/or carbonate?) aquifers (probably overpressured), and overlying and internal shale seals and aquitards also may constrain or influence HTD emplacement. Although many questions and uncertainties remain, particularly in terms of Mg and brine source and mass balance, recognition and active exploration of the HTD play continues to expand. Increasing use of three-dimensional seismic imagery and seismic anomaly mapping, combined with horizontal drilling oblique to linear trends defined by structural sags, helps to reduce risk.
Keywords: hydrothermal dolomite; reservoir facies; structural control

Excavations at Fort Edward - N. L. Davis (Council for Northeast Historical Archaeology Newsletter, 2007)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Excavations at Fort Edward - N. L. Davis (Society for Historical Archaeology Newsletter, 2007)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1130.52.101, Route 22, Town of Fort Ann and Granville, Washington County, New York. - R. Dean; C. B. Rieth (2007)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Persistent Depositional Sequences and Bioevents in the Eifelian (Early Middle Devonian) of Eastern Laurentia: North American Evidence of the Kacak Events? - DeSantis, M.K.; Brett, R.T.; C. A. Ver Straeten (Devonian Events and Correlations, 2007)
The late Eifelian–earliest Givetian interval (Middle Devonian) represents a time of significant faunal turnover in the eastern Laurentia and globally. A synthesis of biostratigraphic, K-bentonite and sequence stratigraphic data indicates that physical and biotic events in the Appalachian foreland basin sections in New York are coeval with the predominantly carbonate platform sections of southern Ontario and Ohio. The upper Eifelian (australis to ensensis conodont zones) Marcellus Subgroup in New York comprises two large-scale (3rd-order) composite depositional sequences dominated by black shale, which are here assigned to the Union Springs and Oatka Creek Formations. The succession includes portions of three distinctive benthic faunas or ecological–evolutionary sub-units (EESUs): ‘Onondaga’, ‘Stony Hollow’ and ‘Hamilton’. In the northern Appalachian Basin in New York, the boundaries of these bioevents show evidence of abrupt, widespread extinctions, immigration and ecological restructuring. In the Niagara Peninsula of Ontario and from central to northern Ohio, the same sequence stratigraphic pattern and bioevents are recognized in coeval, carbonate-dominated facies. The correlations underscore a relatively simple pattern of two major sequences and four subsequences that can be recognized throughout much of eastern Laurentia. Moreover, the biotic changes appear to be synchronous across the foreland basin and adjacent cratonic platform. However, the degree of change differs substantially, being less pronounced in carbonatedominated mid-continent sections. Finally, we make the case that the two major faunal changes align with regional sequence stratigraphic patterns as well as with the global Kačák bioevents.
Keywords: earliest Givetian; eastern Laurentia; faunal turnover; late Eifelian; Middle Devonian

Notes on Two Noded Pipes from West Virginia - P. B. Drooker (West Virginia Archeologist [for 2002], 2007)
Keywords: anthropology

Strange Creatures from the Archaeology Collection - P. B. Drooker; G. R. Hamell (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2007)
Keywords: anthropology

Determining Landscape Use of Holocene Mammals Using Strontium Isotopes - R. S. Feranec; Hadly, E.A.; Paytan, A. (Oecologia, 2007)
The use of the landscape by animals is predicted to be a function of their body size. However, empirical data relating these two variables from an array of body sizes within a single mammalian community are scarce. We tested this prediction by assessing landscape use of mammals by analyzing strontium (Sr) isotope signatures found in mammalian hard tissues representing a 3,000-year record. We examined: (1) the Sr-determined landscape area of small (∼100 g), medium (∼1,500 g) and large (∼100,000 g) mammals, and; (2) whether the area used by these mammals varied during periods of environmental change. Strontium isotope values were obtained from 46 specimens from the Holocene paleontological deposits of Lamar Cave and Waterfall Locality in Wyoming, USA, as well as from 13 modern ungulate specimens from the same area. Our data indicate that medium- and large-sized species use larger percentages of the landscape than do species of small body size. The isotope values for specimens from each of the paleontological sites are similar across all stratigraphic levels, suggesting no change in home range over the last 3,000 years, even though climate is known to have fluctuated at these sites over this time period. Further, our study verifies that the fossil localities represent the local community. Where bedrock geology is appropriate, the use of strontium isotope analyses provides a valuable tool for discerning landscape use by vertebrate communities, an important though generally difficult aspect of an ancient species niche to identify.
Keywords: landscape use; mammals; strontium (Sr) isotope

Ecological Generalization During Adaptive Radiation: Evidence from Neogene Mammals - R. S. Feranec (Evolutionary Ecology Research, 2007)
Question: How does the evolution of a key adaptation affect niche breadth during an adaptive radiation? Organisms: Cenozoic horse and camel species, as well as Pleistocene ungulates. Predictions: Niche breadth theoretically could increase, decrease or remain the same as attainment of a key adaptation facilitates a niche shift. Simpson predicted a decrease in niche breadth (ecological specialization) when key adaptations lead to adaptive radiations. I test Simpson’s prediction by examining ecological response to attainment of high-crowned teeth (hypsodonty). The evolution of hyposdonty represents a key adaptation involved in many ungulate adaptive radiations. Methods: To test whether hypsodont ungulates have potentially wider or narrower niche breadth in respect to their non-hypsodont, pre-adaptive radiation ancestors, I analysed δ13C values in the tooth enamel of Pleistocene ungulates as a proxy for dietary breadth. For Cenozoic horses and camels, I measured the total number of biogeographic provinces and the total number of fossil localities in which individual taxa were found to assess breadth of habitat use. I considered these two parameters (dietary breadth and habitat breadth) as two major niche axes from which I qualitatively estimated niche breadth. I also compared taxon survival between low-crowned and high-crowned taxa, reasoning that if high-crowned taxa had less broad niches, their probability of extinction should be higher and their temporal duration shorter. Results: The δ13C values of herbivores from the Pleistocene of Florida revealed that high-crowned taxa fed on a diet of both C3 and C4 forage, while low-crowned taxa confined their feeding to C3 plants. In the Cenozoic horse and camel clades, there was no statistically significant difference between high-crowned and low-crowned taxa in the number of biogeographic provinces or localities occupied. Nor were there significant differences between high-crowned and low-crowned taxa in the duration of time a particular species survived. Conclusions: Simpson’s prediction that key adaptations that lead to adaptive radiation also result in decreased niche breadth is not supported in the case of the evolution of hypsodonty by the ungulates. Instead, the attainment of hypsodonty in these taxa broadened niche space along one of the studied axes (dietary variety) and had no discernible effect on the other (habitat occupancy).
Keywords: adaptive radiation; Diet; habitat; hypsodonty; key adaptation; Mammal; niche breadth; Ungulata

Radiocarbon Dates from the Pleistocene Fossil Deposits of Samwell Cave, Shasta County, California, USA - R. S. Feranec; Hadly, E.A.; Blois, J.L.; Barnosky, A.D.; Paytan, A. (Radiocarbon, 2007)
Dates obtained from the collagen of 5 mammals from the fossil deposits of Samwel Cave, Shasta County, California, USA, show emplacement during the last glacial maximum. These dates support the assignment of the fauna to the late Pleistocene. The Samwel Cave deposits currently do not appear to be stratified.
Keywords: California; late Pleistocene; mammals

Stable Carbon Isotope Values Reveal Evidence of Resource Partitioning Among Ungulates from Modern C3-dominated Ecosystems in North America - R. S. Feranec (Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2007)
Resource use and niche partitioning has rarely been shown in ancient C3-dominated environments through analysis of stable isotope values, even though before 7 million years ago worldwide environments were predominantly composed of C3 plant taxa. This study explores whether the analysis of stable carbon isotopes from ungulate tissues can accurately identify resource use and niche partitioning in a modern C3-dominated ecosystem in North America, in order to lay the groundwork for application to more ancient ecosystems. δ13C values were obtained from the scat, collagen, and tooth enamel from populations of Antilocapra americana, Bison bison, Cervus elaphus, Odocoileus hemionus, and Ovis canadensis in Yellowstone National Park, and used to trace isotopic uptake and incorporation from the diet into herbivore hard tissues. Significant differences were observed among taxa in δ13C values from all three of the sample materials. Scrutinizing the carbon isotope values further showed that elk and mule deer had the widest range in isotopic values, implying the widest range of resource use. Similarities among taxa in the δ13C of scat concur with other studies that attribute the similarities to winter habitat use. Because (1) significant differences were observed in the δ13C values of scat, collagen and ultimately tooth enamel and (2) the isotopic inputs of carbon are relatively well understood, and (3) carbon isotope values can be obtained from non-altered fossil material, this methodology appears practicable for objectively examining ecological relationships, such as resource use and niche partitioning, among taxa in ancient C3-dominated ecosystems of North America and elsewhere, and suggests the technique will be valuable in investigating resource use and niche partitioning among taxa prior to the C4 global carbon shift.
Keywords: C3-ecosystems; Carbon-13; Diet; Modern; Ruminantia; Yellowstone National Park

Beneath the City: An Archaeological Perspective of Albany - C. L. Fisher (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2007)
Keywords: anthropology

Privies and Parasites: The Archaeology of Health Conditions in Albany, New York - C. L. Fisher; Reinhard, K.J.; Kirk, M.; DiVirgilio, J. (Historical Archaeology, 2007)
Large numbers of parasites were identified in archaeological samples collected from privies and other features in excavations in Albany, New York. This information provides the largest database available for the study of parasite infections in historical period American cities. The greatest numbers of parasites were in contexts related to the expansion of the city in the late-18th century. Parasites remained, but their quantities decreased in the 19th century during another period of rapid population growth. The city was able to control parasite infection during this period through several means, including new techniques of privy construction, new water supply systems, and medical treatments. Use of medical treatments against parasites varied among residents of the city and was evident in the archaeological record.
Keywords: parasite infections; privies; U.S. cities

Variability in assays used for detection of lentiviral infection in bobcats (Lynx rufus), pumas (Puma concolor), and ocelots (Leopardus pardalis) - Franklin, S.P.; Troyer, J.L.; TerWee, J.A.; Lyern, L.M.; R. W. Kays; Riley, S.P.D.; Boyce, W.M.; Crooks, K.R.; Vanderwoude, S. (Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 2007)
Although lentiviruses similar to feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) are known to infect numerous felid species, the relative utility of assays used for detecting lentiviral infection has not been compared for many of these hosts. We tested bobcats (Lynx rufus), pumas (Felis concolor), and ocelots (Leopardus pardalis) for exposure to lentivirus using five different assays: puma lentivirus (PLV), African lion lentivirus (LLV), and domestic cat FIV-based immunoblots, a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit, and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Puma lentivirus immunoblots identified more seropositive individuals than the other antibody-detection assays. The commercial ELISA provided a fair ability to recognize seropositive samples when compared with PLV immunoblot for screening bobcats and ocelots, but not pumas. Polymerase chain reaction identified fewer positive samples than PLV immunoblot for all three species. Immunoblot results were equivalent whether the sample tested was serum, plasma, or whole blood. The results from this study and previous investigations suggest that the PLV immunoblot has the greatest ability to detect reactive samples when screening wild felids of North America and is unlikely to produce false positive results. However, the commercial ELISA kit may provide an adequate alternative for screening of some species and is more easily adapted to field conditions.
Keywords: Bobcat; ELISA; FIV; immunoblot; lentivirus; ocelot; PCR; puma

Addendum Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 7130.19.121, Route 22, Town of Beekmantown, Clinton County, New York. - A. Gore (2007)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 7088.31.121, Route 58 over Fish Creek, Town of Macomb and Morristown, St. Lawrence County, New York - A. Gore; V. A. Schmitt (2007)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 7143.31.121, Route 11/East Main Street, Village of Gouverneur, St. Lawrence County, New York. - A. Gore; M.S. LoRusso (2007)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report for PIN 7143.31.121, Route 11/E. Main Street, Village of Gouverneur, St. Lawrence County, New York. - A. Gore; Moragne, S.; Morgan, R. (2007)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Phase I and II Archaeological Survey on NYSM # 11760, Fort La Presentation, City of Ogdensburg, St. Lawrence County, New York. - A. Gore (2007)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

The Iroquois and the World's Rim: Speculations on Color, Culture, and Contact - G. R. Hamell (Archaeology of the Iroquois: Selected Readings & Research Sources, 2007)
Keywords: anthropology

Wampum: Lost Treasure - G. R. Hamell (Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum, 2007)
Keywords: anthropology

The Death of Owasco - J. P. Hart; H. J. Brumbach (Archaeology of the Iroquois: Selected Readings & Research Sources, 2007)
Keywords: anthropology

Extending the Phytolith Evidence for Early Maize (Zea mays ssp. mays) and Squash (Cucurbita sp.) in Central New York - J. P. Hart; H. J. Brumbach; Lusteck, R. (American Antiquity, 2007)
The timing of the adoptions of maize and squash across eastern North America has been a topic of long-standing interest among archaeologists and paleoethnobotanists. The use of flotation for macrobotanical remains beginning in the 1960s and 1970s coupled with the application of accelerator mass spectrometry dating beginning in the 1980s has led to substantial revisions of knowledge about the history of these crops in the region. A complementary source of evidence for the crops histories in the eastern North America comes from opal phytoliths. Analysis of phytolith assemblages recovered from charred food residues has shown that maize and squash were being used in central New York well before the macrobotanical record indicates. In combination with previously analyzed samples, 16 additional residue assemblages help to clarify the history of maize and squash in central New York. The results indicate that maize and squash were being used in New York by 2270 B.P and 2945 B.P, respectively.
Keywords: AMS dating; cucurbit; Cucurbita pepo; maize; phytolith cooking residues; Zea mays ssp. maize

The Freshwater Reservoir and Radiocarbon Dates on Charred Cooking Residues: Old Apparent Ages or a Single Outlier? Comment on Fischer and Heinemeier (2003) - J. P. Hart; Lovis, W. A. (Radiocarbon, 2007)
Fischer and Heinemeier (2003) present a hypothesis that the freshwater reservoir effect produces old apparent ages for radiocarbon dates run on charred cooking residues in regions where fossil carbon is present in groundwater. The hypothesis is based in part on their analysis of dates on charred cooking residues from 3 inland archaeological sites in Denmark in relation to contextual dates from those sites on other materials. A critical assessment of the dates from these sites suggests that rather than a pattern of old apparent dates, there is a single outlying date—not sufficient evidence on which to build a case for the freshwater reservoir effect.
Keywords: AMS dating; Charred cooking residues; Fresh water reservoir effect

A Multi-Regional Analysis of AMS and Radiometric Dates from Carbonized Food Residues - J. P. Hart; Lovis, W. A. (Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology, 2007)
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) is increasingly employed to date encrusted carbonized food residues on prehistoric pottery sherds, particularly in regions where other datable material is absent or scarce, or where such materials lack good association with objects of chronological interest. The accuracy of AMS dating of residues has recently been questioned in Europe and North America, with skepticism directly or indirectly attributed to the presence of carbonate rich bedrock, a freshwater carbonate reservoir resulting from association with such bedrock, or the cooking of aquatic resources such as mollusk or fish engaged in the uptake of older carbonates. It is argued that carbonized food residues from such contexts or resources are expected to display older apparent ages than dates on other materials. We evaluate this proposition through hypotheses assessing the accuracy and internal consistency of a broad range of data from the northeastern and midwestern United States. We statistically assess dates from 25 site components where either both dates on residue and context dates on other materials have been obtained. Of the 70 dates on residue tested, only 5.7 percent are considered inconsistent with their respective context dates. We also test for consistency 46 dates on residues from 14 site components lacking context dates. Of these, only 4.5 percent are considered internally inconsistent with expectations at the site or regional level. At present, we conclude that AMS dating of residues provides results consistent with those of other datable materials.
Keywords: AMS dating; cooking residues; Fresh water reservoir effect

A New History of Maize-Bean-Squash Agriculture in the Northeast - J. P. Hart (Seeking Our Past: An Introduction to North American Archaeology, 2007)
Keywords: anthropology

Paleodietary Implications from Stable Carbon Isotope Analysis of Experimental Cooking Residues - J. P. Hart; Lovis, W. A.; Schulenberg, J. K.; Urquhart, G. R. (Journal of Archaeological Science, 2007)
The regional timing of maize introduction in eastern North America is a long-standing topic of archaeological interest. Most recently, Morton and Schwarcz [2004. Paleodietary implications from stable isotopic analysis of residues on prehistoric Ontario ceramics. Journal of Archaeological Science 31, 503–517] investigated the timing of maize introduction in Ontario through isotope analysis of charred cooking residues adhering to the interior of prehistoric ceramic containers. They interpret their results to suggest maize was incorporated into diets after A.D. 600. We assess their approach and conclusions with stable carbon isotope assays on three sets of experimental cooking residues, evaluating the variable combustion of carbon fractions, contributions of fats and carbohydrates, and the contribution of total carbon. We also undertake multiple resource modeling of two part food mixes with green maize and maize flour. Our results suggest that systematic under representation of maize can result depending on residue composition and that some prior knowledge of C3 plant and animal contents is necessary to interpret stable carbon isotope values on cooking residues. We question the independent use of stable carbon isotope analysis of charred cooking residues as a viable technique for extracting paleodietary information.
Keywords: Prehistoric cooking residues; Carbon isotopes; Prehistoric cooking techniques

Phytolith Evidence for Early Maize (Zea mays) in the Northern Finger Lakes Region of New York - J. P. Hart; Thompson, R. G.; H. J. Brumbach (Archaeology of the Iroquois: Selected Readings & Research Sources, 2007)
Keywords: anthropology

Ellenville, New York, A Classic Locality - M. Hawkins (Rocks & Minerals, 2007)
The origins of the mines in the Ellenville area, like so many of the mines of early America, have been lost in the fog of time. Local legends have the mines variously attributed to the Dutch, the Spanish (remnants of Ponce de Leon’s party searching for the fountain of youth), American Indians, or aliens in UFOs seeking to extract energy from the quartz crystals deep within the Shawangunk Mountains. Today, all that remains of the famous Ellenville mines are a few tailings piles, collapsed mine shafts, and broken-down building foundations, but during the glory years of the nineteenth century these mines produced the world-class specimens of quartz and chalcopyrite that reside in museums and private collections around the globe.
Keywords: Ellenville; minerals; New York

History of the Mineral Collections at the New York State Museum - M. Hawkins (Rocks & Minerals, 2007)
The New York State Museum has been a vital part of the history of geology, paleontology, and mineralogy in America and the world.
Keywords: mineralogy collection; New York State Museum

Using Patterns in Track Plate Footprints to Identify Individual Fishers - Herzog, C.J.; R. W. Kays; Ray, J.C.; Gompper, M.E.; Zielinski, W.J.; Higgins, R.; Tymeson, M. (Journal of Wildlife Management, 2007)
Abstract: If individuals can be identified from patterns in their footprints, noninvasive survey methods can be used to estimate abundance. Track plates capture fine detail in the footprints of fishers (Martes pennanti), recording rows of dots corresponding to tiny papillae on the animal's metacarpal pad. We show that the pattern of these dots can be used to identify individual fishers, similar to human fingerprints. A probabilistic model of uniqueness based on variation in spacing between 1,400 pairs of dots that we measured in prints of 14 different fisher feet suggests the probability of encountering a similar pattern in the print of a different foot by chance alone is ≤ 0.35n, where n = the number of dot pairs examined. This predicts a 0.00003 probability that a match made using 10 pairs of dots is false. Dot spacing from footprints made by the same foot was remarkably consistent (sN = 0.02 mm, n = 24 dot pairs). Combined, these results suggest dot patterns in fisher footprints were unique to individuals and were consistently reproduced on track plates. Empirical tests of matching accuracy were best with good-quality prints, highlighting the need for experience judging when prints are usable. We applied print matching to fisher detections collected on track plates deployed at 500-m intervals along 10 3.5-km transects in the Adirondack region of New York, USA. Of 62 fisher detections, 85% had ≥ 1 footprint of suitable quality to compare with other high-quality prints. We found that most detections from a transect were from the same individual fisher suggesting nonindependence of detections. Thus, data from traditional track-plate deployments over small time periods cannot be used as a measure of abundance, but new study designs using print matching could obtain robust noninvasive, mark—recapture density estimates.
Keywords: census; fingerprint; fisher; footprint; identification; Martes pennanti; track plate

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2056.81.101, Intersection of NYS Route 8 and Route 30, Village of Speculator, Towns of Arietta and Lake Pleasant, Hamilton County, New York - S. Higgins; C. B. Rieth; V. A. Schmitt (2007)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1940.97.101, Baldwin Corners Road over the Champlain Canal, Town of Kingsbury, Washington County, New York - S. Higgins; M.S. LoRusso; C. B. Rieth (2007)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2044.61.121, Log City Road, Town of Amsterdam, Montgomery County, New York - S. Higgins; C. B. Rieth (2007)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 8004.02.101, Route 6 and Bear Mountain Parkway, Town of Cortlandt, Westchester County, New York - S. Higgins; C. B. Rieth; M.S. LoRusso (2007)
Keywords: Cultural Resources