End of Fieldwork Report, For Addendum D Survey In the Vicinity of the NYSM 11166 Thomas-Kahn Site, Proposed Highway Widening, PIN 3037.56.121 NY 31Over Seneca RiverHamlet of Belgium, Towns of Clay and Lysander Onondaga County, New York - Horton, B. (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis of Clinical Pasteurella multocida Isolates from Fatal Fowl Cholera Infections - Huber, B. S.; Allred, D. V.; Carmen, J. C.; Frame, D. D.; Whiting, D. G.; J. R. Cryan; Olson, T. R.; Jackson, P. J.; Hill, K.; Laker, M. T.; Robison, R. A. (Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2002)
Fowl cholera, a disease caused by Pasteurella multocida, continues to be a major problem for the poultry industry. The sources of pathogenic organisms responsible for most sporadic epidemics remain unconfirmed, although attenuated vaccines that retain a low level of virulence have occasionally been implicated in outbreaks of the disease. One of the vaccines most commonly used to prevent fowl cholera is the M-9 strain. In the present study, 61 clinical isolates from turkeys that died of fowl cholera from 1997 to 1999 on 36 Utah farms were analyzed and compared to the M-9 vaccine strain. Genetic analyses of the isolates were done by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting. The results of these genetic analyses were correlated with the vaccination status of the flock, isolate serotype, and geographic location. Although both genetic techniques effectively identified similar subtle genomic differences, RAPD analysis provided only 77% of the detail provided by AFLP analysis. While a relationship between genetic profile and serotype was evident, no significant relationship indicating geographic influence was found (P = 0.351). Interestingly, organisms isolated from vaccinated flocks were significantly closer genetically to the M-9 vaccine strain than isolates from unvaccinated birds were (P = 0.020). Statistical analyses revealed that this relationship could not have been determined by serotyping alone (P = 0.320), demonstrating the value of AFLP and RAPD analyses in the characterization of disease-causing strains.
Keywords: Fowl cholera; Pasteurella multocida; random amplified polymorphic DNA

Does the resource dispersion hypothesis explain group living? - Johnson, D. D. P.; R. W. Kays; Blackwell, P. G.; MacDonald, D. W. (Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 2002)
The resource dispersion hypothesis (RDH) asserts that, if resources are heterogeneous in space or time, group living might be less costly than was previously thought, regardless of whether individuals gain direct benefits from group membership. The RDH was first proposed more than 20 years ago and has since accumulated considerable support. However, it is sometimes discredited because a priori tests of specific predictions are few, relevant variables have proved difficult to define and measure, and because its assumptions and predictions remain unclear. This is unfortunate because the RDH provides a potentially powerful model of grouping behavior in a diversity of conditions. Moreover, it can be generalized to predict other phenomena, including spacing behavior in nonsocial animals and utilization of resources other than food. Here, we review the empirical support, clarify the predictions of the RDH and argue that they can be used to provide better tests.
Keywords: Foraging; Group living; Group size; Heterogeneity; Patches; resource dispersion hypothesis; Resources; Social organisation; Sociality; Territoriality

Field and Laboratory Studies of Ophryoglena sp. (Ciliata: Ophryoglenidae) Infection in Zebra Mussels, Dreissena polymorpha (Bivalvia: Dreissenidae) - Karatayev, A. Y.; Burlakova, L. E.; D. P. Molloy; Volkova, L. K.; Volosyuk, V. V. (Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 2002)
This study, conducted in the Dnieper-Bug Canal in Belarus, is the first to monitor the seasonal (June–November) dynamics of infection with the parasitic ciliate Ophryoglena sp. in a zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) population. Mean population prevalence and intensity of infection varied, respectively, from 11 to 62% and from 0.9 to 24.1 ciliates/mussel. Mean prevalence was highly correlated with mussel length in mussels <20 mm (R2=0.97) and was lower in larger mussels. Mean infection intensity in mussels 1–25 mm long was similarly correlated with their size (R=0.98), reached a maximum in the 20–25 mm size-class, and then sharply decreased, thus providing evidence, albeit limited, that high intensity of infection might be lethal. Transinfection of zebra mussels by Ophryoglena sp. was achieved in the laboratory—a first for a protozoan parasite of D. polymorpha; from an initial complete lack of infection, mean prevalence and intensity rose, respectively, to 86.7% and 8.3 ciliates/mussel.
Keywords: Dreissena polymorpha; Infection intensity; Infection prevalence; Laboratory transinfection; Ophryoglena sp; Ophryoglenidae; Parasitic; Zebra mussels

The How and Why of Radio-tracking: A Review of "A Manual for Wildlife Radio Tagging (Kenward 2001) and Radio Tracking and Animal Populations (Millspaugh and Marzluff eds.)" - R. W. Kays (Animal Conservation, 2002)
Keywords: biology

Lion: Panthera leo - R. W. Kays (The Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2002)
Keywords: biology

Mammals of North America - R. W. Kays; Wilson, D. E. (Princeton University Press, 2002)
Keywords: biology

Mane Variation in African Lions and Its Social Correlates - R. W. Kays; Patterson, B. D. (Canadian Journal of Zoology, 2002)
Manes are generally thought to characterize all adult male lions (Panthera leo). Here we document a population of lions in Tsavo National Park, Kenya, that is largely maneless and describe aspects of their social organization. Because Tsavo's arid landscape supports sparse prey populations, we expected that surveys of lions there would document small social groups. We hypothesized that Tsavo lions would consequently experience reduced sexual selection pressures for mane development. Adult males from Tsavo typically have sparse blond hair forming a dorsal crest, beard, chest tufts, and (or) sideburns, but lack the large flowing manes reported from other lion populations. No fully maned lions were seen. Maneless males in Tsavo appear to be well integrated into pride life, and were observed copulating, hunting, and otherwise interacting with groups of females, playing with dependent cubs, and advertising territories with scent markings and roars. Only one adult male was observed in each of five prides, which differs surprisingly from the coalitions of 24 pride males noted in other lion groups. However, female group size was large (mean 7.4) and comparable with what has been documented in the Serengeti and elsewhere, refuting our "group size mane size" hypothesis. Future research should focus on the effect of Tsavo's physical and physiological effects on mane condition, and the possible correlation of male hormone levels with both manelessness and small male-group size.
Keywords: Kenya; lions; manes; Panthera leo; social organization; Tsavo National Park

Geology and Mining History of the Barton Garnet Mine, Gore Mt. and the NL Ilmenite Mine, Tahawus, NY with a Temporal Excursion to the Macintyre Iron Plantation of 1857 - W. M. Kelly; Darling, R. (Guidebook, 2002)
Keywords: geology

Petrography and source of aggregate used in the 19th century mortar of the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, Albany, NY - W. M. Kelly (2002)
Keywords: geology

Focus on Nature VII: Natural and Cultural History Illustration - Kernan, P. (New York State Museum, 2002)
Keywords: biology

Middle Cambrian (Acadian Series) Conocorhyphid and Paradoxidid Trilobites from the Upper Chamberlain's Brook Formation, Newfoundland and New Brunswick - Kim, D. K.; Westrop, S. R.; E. Landing (Journal of Paleontology, 2002)
The Fossil Brook Member of the upper Chamberlain's Brook Formation is a thin (up to 14 m) but distinctive, unconformity-bound depositional sequence recognizable from Rhode Island to eastern Newfoundland in Avalonian North America. Its diverse trilobite fauna was first described more than century ago from the limestone-rich facies of the member in southern New Brunswick. However, the systematics, stratigraphic context, and biostratigraphic significance of these trilobites have remained poorly known. A revision of the conocoryphid and paradoxidid trilobites has been completed, and the taxa set into their stratigraphic context within the middle Middle Cambrian. The faunas of the Fossil Brook are assigned to the Eccaparadoxides eteminicus Zone of Avalon. Although biogeographic barriers between Avalon and Gondwana remained strong in the Middle Cambrian and few shared trilobite species are present, a generalized correlation of the E. eteminicus Zone into Gondwana is with the Badulesia tenera Zone of the Toushamian Stage in Morocco and the Badulesia Zone of the Caesaraugustian Stage in Spain.
Keywords: Biostratigraphy; Fossil Brook Membe; fossils; upper Chamberlain's Brook Formation

Early Paleozoic sea Levels and Climates: New Evidence from the East Laurentian Shelf and Slope - E. Landing (Guidebook for Fieldtrips in New York and Vermont, 2002)
Keywords: geology paleontology

Latest Early Cambrian Small Shelly Fossils, Trilobites, and Hatch Hill Dysaerobic Interval on the Québec Continental Slope - E. Landing; G. Geyer; Bartowski, K. E. (Journal of Paleontology, 2002)
Latest Early Cambrian continental slope deposition of the early Hatch Hill dysaerobic interval (new name, latest Early Cambrian–earliest Ordovician) is recorded by dark grey shales and turbidite limestones in the Bacchus slice at Ville Guay, Québec. Platform-derived microfaunas of the Bicella bicensis trilobite assemblage were transported into a dysoxic environment of the upper “Anse Maranda Formation,” and many organisms were buried alive. Phosphatization preserved a diverse skeletal fossil assemblage that includes four agnostid trilobites, echinoderm debris, and twenty small shelly fossil taxa. The latter include five helcionellids; Pelagiella Matthew, 1895b, classified herein as a gastropod; a bivalve (FordillaBarrande, 1881); the brachiopod Linnarssonia taconica Walcott, 1887; two conodontomorphs; four hyoliths; and such phosphatic and calcareous problematica as ColeoloidesWalcott, 1889, emend. Most small shelly fossil taxa, including Discinella micansBillings, 1872, range through much of the Olenellus Zone and Elliptocephala asaphoides assemblage interval. Trilobites allow a more resolved correlation into the uppermost Olenellus Zone. A comparable stratigraphy occurs in Cambrian–Ordovician slope facies of the Bacchus slice and the Giddings Brook slice in eastern New York. The “Anse Maranda Formation” correlates with the West Granville–Browns Pond–lower Hatch Hill formations in eastern New York and brackets two dysaerobic intervals (Browns Pond and early Hatch Hill). Sea-level change associated with the Hawke Bay regression between the Browns Pond and Hatch Hill onlap/dysaerobic intervals led to the longest period of oxygenated green shale and sandstone deposition on the east Laurentian slope in the late Early Cambrian–earliest Ordovician.
Keywords: Bacchus slice; Biostratigraphy; earliest Ordovician; latest Early Cambrian; Québec; Ville Guay

Histological Analysis of Trematodes in Dreissena polymorpha: Their Location, Pathogenicity, and Distinguishing Morphological Characteristics - Laruelle, F.; D. P. Molloy; Roitman, V. A. (Journal of Parasitology, 2002)
Four families of trematodes were observed in histological sections during a 1992–1997 investigation of the parasites of zebra mussels Dreissena polymorpha. These included Aspidogastridae, i.e., Aspidogaster, Echinostomatidae, Bucephalidae, i.e., Bucephalus polymorphus, and Gorgoderidae, i.e., Phyllodistomum folium. This article describes the precise location of these trematodes in the tissues of D. polymorpha, provides graphic evidence of their effect on the organs they inhabit, and highlights the distinguishing morphological characteristics. Evidence of defense reaction of host to trematode infection, i.e., encapsulation of Aspidogaster and nacrezation of B. polymorphus, is also presented and is the first such report for zebra mussels. The histological photomicrographs included represent the first comprehensive series published on trematode infection of zebra mussels. These images, in conjunction with the morphological descriptions presented, should assist researchers in identifying the 4 major trematode taxa that they are likely to encounter in the tissue sections of zebra mussels.
Keywords: Dreissena polymorpha.; histological sections; Parasites; trematodes; Zebra mussels

Ptilidiaceae H. Klinggräff - L. Leonardi (Bryophyte Flora of North America, Provisional Publication, 2002)

Building Inventory Documentation of Building 46, St Lawrence Psychiatric Center, City of Ogdensburg, St. Lawrence County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Building Inventory Documentation of Building 72, Taconic Correctional Facility, Town of Bedford, Westchester County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Building Inventory Documentation of Buildings 22 and 24, Collins Correctional Facility, Town of Collins, Erie County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Building Inventory Documentation of Buildings Nos. 1,6, 7 and 8, Farmingdale Training Site (Nike Missile Control Site), Suffolk County - M.S. LoRusso (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 1805.99.101 Route 4/32 Culvert Replacement/Rehabilitation, Town of Halfmoon, Saratoga County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

A Cultural Resources Survey Report for An Architectural Survey of PIN 9066.91.121, Town of Deposit, Delaware County - M.S. LoRusso (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

A Cultural Resources Survey Report for An Architectural Survey of the Walstein Childs House, Wallkill Correctional Facility, Sand Hill Road, Town of Shawangunk, Ulster County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

An Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS) Documentation of Erie Barge Canal Section Office Garages, Waterford - M.S. LoRusso (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

An Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS) Documentation of the Woodside School, NYSDOT PIN 1460.31.102, Town of New Scotland, Albany County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

An Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) Documentation of the NY 197 Stone Arch Bridge,NYSDOT PIN 1025.08.109, Town of Argyle, Washington County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

An Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) Documentation of the Plainville Road Bridge over the Erie Barge Canal State Ditch, NYSDOT PIN 3752.11.121, Town of Lysander, Onondaga County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

An Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) Documentation of the Ridge Road Bridge over Various Railroads, NYSDOT PIN 5753.86.121 ,City of Lackawanna, Erie County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

An Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) Documentation of the Southwestern Boulevard Bridge over Eighteen Mile Creek, NYSDOT PIN 5111.66.101, Town of Hamburg, Erie County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Chevkinite-(Ce) from Clove (Wilks) Iron Mine, Monroe, Orange Co., New York - M. V. Lupulescu; M. Hawkins (Rocks and Minerals, 2002)
Keywords: geology

Lead Isotope Signatures of Epithermal and Porphyry-type Deposits from the Romanian Carpathian Mountains - Marcoux, E.; Grancea, L.; M. V. Lupulescu; Millesi , J. P. (Mineralium Deposita, 2002)
Lead isotope analyses have been performed on the two major Miocene mining districts of Romania, Baia Mare and Apuseni Mountains. These two districts have different non-overlapping 206Pb/204Pb isotopic signatures ranging from 18.752 to 18.876 and 18.497 to 18.740. In the Baia Mare district, epithermal deposits are overall homogeneous in their lead isotopic compositions and have values similar to the average of the calc-alkaline volcanic rocks. These results suggest a magmatic signature for the Pb (and possibly other metals) in the hydrothermal fluids. However, magmas in this district show isotopic evidence of crustal assimilation. In the southern Apuseni Mountains, the lead isotope compositions of sulfide minerals in porphyry copper deposits are clustered, confirming that Pb, and probably other metals, were derived principally from associated porphyry stocks. On the other hand, lead isotope data on sulfides in epithermal ore deposits are much more scattered, indicating a notable contribution of Pb from local country rocks. In the Apuseni Mountains, 'fertile' volcanics are few and appear to come from a more primitive mantle-derived source. Most of the analysed volcanic rocks seem 'barren'. Differences in lead isotopic compositions between the Baia Mare district and the Apuseni Mountains are due to a different basement, and probably to variations in crustal assimilation superimposed on variations in the mantle source composition. In the Apuseni Mountains, Pb may be partly inherited from the previous Mesozoic magmatic–hydrothermal stage. From a geodynamic point of view, it seems that the nature and the source of volcanic rocks and their position related to the collision area of the Carpathian arc are not the only factors controlling the 'fertility' of a volcanic district.
Keywords: Carpathians; Epithermal Porphyry; Lead isotopes; Romania

Insect Survey, Virgin Islands National Park, St. John (Research permit 99-14) - T. L. McCabe; Dievendorf, G. (2002)
Keywords: biology

Pseudobryomima fallax (Hampson) and P. muscosa (Hampson)(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Leaf-mining Noctuidae on Ferns - T. L. McCabe; Patterson, W. D.; DeBenedictis, J. (Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 2002)
Keywords: biology

Sterling Forest Lepidoptera Faunal Survey for 2000-2001 - T. L. McCabe; Yrizarry, J. (2002)
Keywords: biology

Aneura maxima (Hepaticae:Aneuraceae) in Maine, U.S.A - N. G. Miller (Rhodora, 2002)
Aneura maxima (Schiffn.) Steph. Maine: Kennebec Co., Mud Pond, ca. 5 km SW of Litchfield along Highway 126, 44°12'N, 69°58'W, bottom of an animal run over wet peat, minerotrophic edge of fen mat near pond, 19 Sep 1987, Miller 9497 (nys).
Keywords: biology

Sequence Stratigraphy of the Lower Chesteian (Mississippian) Strata of the Illinois Basin - Nelson, W. J.; L. B. Smith Jr.; Treworgy, J. D. (Bulletin, 2002)
Keywords: geology

Adirondack Effects Assessment Program, Summary of Aquatic Biota and Watershed Integrated Nitrogen Cycling Studies - S. C. Nierzwicki-Bauer; C. W. Boylen; Eichler, L. W.; R. A. Daniels; G. B. Lawrence, B. Momen, J. W. Sutherland, (2002)
Keywords: biology

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Addendum, Program Year 1990/1991, of PIN 1086.24.101, BIN 1-02537-0, NY 43/66 over Horse Heaven Brook (Taborton Creek) Town of Sand Lake, Rensselaer County (MCD 083-11), New York - M. Pickands; M.S. LoRusso (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Addendum, Program Year 1990/1991, of PIN 1006.07.102, NY143 from Spoor Road to NY 9W, Village of Ravena (MCD # 001-47), Town of Coeymans (MCD # 001-03) Albany County, New York - M. Pickands; M.S. LoRusso (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey, Program Year 2002/2003, for OGS Project No. M2110, Water Treatment Facility for Woodbourne Correctional Facility, Fallsburg, Sullivan County, New York - M. Pickands (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey, Program Year 2002/2003, of PIN 1085.30.121, Addition of Turning Lane for NY 146 at Tawasentha Park, Town of Guilderland (MCD# 001-06) Albany County, New York - M. Pickands; M.S. LoRusso (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Survey Addendum for PIN 7780.04.101, NY72 at Ashton Road and Sinclair Road Hamlet of Parishville Center, Town of Parishville (MCD # 089-24) St. Lawrence County, New York 98PR 1826 - M. Pickands (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Appalachian Mountain Wilderness - Pickering, J.; R. W. Kays; Meier, A.; Andrew, S.; Yatskievych, K.; Brooks, T.; Konstant, W. R. (Wilderness: Earth's Last Wild Places, 2002)
Keywords: biology

Analyzing Style and Technology in the Eastern Woodlands - C. B. Rieth (Materials Issues in Art and Archaeology, 2002)
Keywords: anthropology

Cultural Resources Data Recovery Report for the Schoharie Creek II Site,Town of Schoharie, Schoharie County, New York - C. B. Rieth (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for the Hudson Psychiatric Center, Dutchess County, New York - C. B. Rieth (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for Water Storage Facility, Brace Residential Center, Masonville, Delaware County, New York - C. B. Rieth (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report for the Webster and Johnstone Sites, Town of Sharon and Steward, Schoharie County, New York - C. B. Rieth (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Early Late Prehistoric Settlement: A View from Northcentral Pennsylvania - C. B. Rieth (Northeast Subsistence-Settlement Change: A.D. 700-1300, 2002)
Keywords: anthropology

Early Late Prehistoric Settlement and Subsistence Diversity in the Southern Tier of New York - C. B. Rieth (Northeast Subsistence-Settlement Change: A.D. 700-1300, 2002)
Keywords: anthropology

Introduction - C. B. Rieth; J. P. Hart (Northeast Subsistence-Settlement Change: A.D. 700-1300, 2002)
Keywords: anthropology

News from Around the State: New York State Museum Activities - C. B. Rieth (New York Archaeological Council Newsletter, 2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Review of the Iroquoian Ceramic Industry and Its Influence by Penelope Rogers and Antoinette Rast-Eicher - C. B. Rieth (Society for Archaeological Sciences Bulletin, 2002)
Keywords: anthropology

Trace Element Analysis and Its Role in Analyzing Ceramics in the Eastern Woodlands - C. B. Rieth (Archaeological Chemistry: Materials, Methods, and Meaning, 2002)
Clemson Island and Owasco ceramics are used to document interaction in Pennsylvania during the Early Late Prehistoric Period (A.D. 700-1300). Clemson Island ceramics are regarded as the by-products of local manufacture while Owasco ceramics are considered to be foreign wares. X-ray fluorescence is used to determine the provenance of manufacture and assess whether compositional profiles reflect the reciprocal exchange of ceramic vessels. The results of this project suggest no clear distinction between ceramic types and clay deposits. Instead, similarities in attributes may reflect the utilization of similar resources.
Keywords: Ceramics; Pottery; sourcing; trace elements

A Guide to Historic Clifton Park, Saratoga County, New York - J. L. Scherer (Town of Clifton Park, 2002)
Keywords: history

The Weitsman Stoneware Collection at The New York State Museum - J. L. Scherer (The Magazine Antiques, 2002)
Focuses on decorated New York State stoneware received by the New York State Museum in Albany from Adam Joel Weitsman. Weitsman's collection of New York stoneware since the age of eleven; How stoneware was the basic ceramic ware for utilitarian objects in the nineteenth century; Designs on various stoneware pieces, such as flowers and animals; William A. MacQuoid and Co.'s creation of unusual decorations on American stoneware.
Keywords: history

Natural Areas of Rensselaer County, New York. Edition 2. - Schmitt, C. K.; N. G. Miller; Broderick, W. F.; Keenan, J. T; Niemi, W. D. (Rensselaer-Taconic Land Conservany, Inc., and Environmental Clearinghouse of Schnectady, Inc., 2002)
Keywords: biology

Amerorchis - C. J. Sheviak; Catling, P. M. (Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales, 2002)
Keywords: Amerorchis; North America; Orchidaceae

Aplectrum - C. J. Sheviak; Catling, P. M. (Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales, 2002)
Keywords: biology

Arethusa - C. J. Sheviak; Catling, P. M. (Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales, 2002)
Keywords: biology

Calypso - C. J. Sheviak; Catling, P. M. (Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales, 2002)
Keywords: Calypso; North America; Orchidaceae

Cephalanthera - C. J. Sheviak; Catling, P. M. (Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales, 2002)
Keywords: Cephalanthera; North America; Orchidaceae

Coeloglossum - C. J. Sheviak; Catling, P. M. (Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales, 2002)
Keywords: Coeloglossum; North America; Orchidaceae

Cypripedium - C. J. Sheviak (Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales, 2002)
Keywords: Cypripedium; North America; Orchidaceae

Dactylorhiza - C. J. Sheviak; Catling, P. M.; Meades, S.; Bateman, R. M. (Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales, 2002)
Keywords: Dactylorhiza; North America; Orchidaceae

Galearis - C. J. Sheviak; Catling, P. M. (Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales, 2002)
Keywords: Galearis; North America; Orchidaceae

Habenaria - C. J. Sheviak (Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales, 2002)
Keywords: Habenaria; North America; Orchidaceae

Platanthera - C. J. Sheviak (Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales, 2002)
Keywords: North America; Orchidaceae; Platanthera

Platanthera (Orchidaceae) in the Pacific Northwest - C. J. Sheviak (Botanical Electronic News [BEN], 2002)
Keywords: biology

Pogonia - C. J. Sheviak; Catling, P. M. (Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales, 2002)
Keywords: North America; Orchidaceae; Pogonia

Pseudorchis - C. J. Sheviak (Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales, 2002)
Keywords: North America; Orchidaceae; Pseudorchis

Spiranthes - C. J. Sheviak; Brown, P. M. (Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales, 2002)
Keywords: North America; Orchidaceae; Spiranthes

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1089.62.121 I-90 Exit 8 Connector with Rte. 4 Wet Land Mitigation Areas Town of North Greenbush, Rensselaer County, New York - J. Sopko (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Survey Report of NYSM Site 11248, Western Inland Navigation Lock Company Canal for PIN 2009.13.121 over the Barge Canal, Mohawk River and Con Rail Elizabeth Street Viaduct, City of Little Falls, Herkimer County, New York - J. Sopko (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

New York Knife Company - J. Sopko (New York State Museum Cultural Resources Survey Program Series, 2002)
Keywords: anthropology Cultural Resources

Site Examination of the Maychak- Gardner and the Gardner Prehistoric Sites (NYSM Site 11169 and 11170) for Pin 1089.62.121, I-90 Exit 8 Connector to Rte. 4. Town of North Greenbush, Rensselaer County, New York Addendum - J. Sopko (2002)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Making Motorcycles - G. Stein (New York State Archives, 2002)
Keywords: history

The Phenomenal Endurance Rides of Maurice E. Gale - G. Stein (Motorcycles in Retrospect, 2002)
Keywords: history

Weeber Collection at New York State Museum - G. Stein (SAH Journal, 2002)
Keywords: history

Introduction - Terrell, J. E.; J. P. Hart (Darwin and Archaeology: A Handbook of Key Concepts, 2002)
Keywords: anthropology

The Good Earthworm: How Natural Processes Preserve Upland Archaic Archaeological Sites of Western Illinois, U.S.A - Van Nest, J. (Geoarchaeology, 2002)
In western Illinois, many soil profiles developed into upland loess deposits (Peoria Silt) contain Archaic period artifacts greater than 3500 yr B.P. in stone zones below plow level. For artifacts in prairie and prairie-forest transition soils (not forest soils), depth distribution curves suggest they were buried in biomantles by small soil fauna. Artifacts of sizes archaeologists routinely collect generally move down while retaining fine-scale horizontal integrity. The process results in stratigraphic separation of Archaic and Woodland period components that otherwise would commingle at the surface. The characteristic distribution of known upland sites, narrowly rimming stream valley headwaters, reflects incomplete burial of materials on steeper forested slopes. On adjacent gently sloping upper shoulder segments of valleys where grassy cover more strongly influences soil development (and by inference on broad level uplands where true prairie soils occur), Archaic artifacts will be buried in the biomantle and go undetected by surface surveyors. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Keywords: Archaic period; biomantles; stone zones; upland loess deposits

Fulton Chain-of-Lakes Area: West Central Adirondack Mountains, New York - P. R. Whitney; R. H. Fakundiny; Y. W. Isachsen (New York State Museum Map and Chart Series, 2002)
Keywords: geology

Geology, geochemistry, and mineralogy of the Iron Mountain skarn, Adirondack Highlands, New York - P. R. Whitney (Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences, 2002)
Keywords: geology

Skarns in the Adirondack Highlands, New York: Distribution, geochemistry, origin, and tectonic implications - P. R. Whitney (Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences, 2002)
Keywords: geology

A Brief History of Northeast Regional Project NE-118 in the USA - Adler, P. H.; Merritt, R. W.; Burger, J. F.; D. P. Molloy (British Simuliid Group Bulletin, 2001)
Keywords: biology

Systematics of the Ordovician Trilobites Ischyrotoma and Dimeropygiella, With Species from the Type Ibexian Area, Western USA - Adrain, J. M.; Westrop, S. R.; E. Landing; Fortey, R. A. (Journal of Paleontology, 2001)
Lower Ordovician sections in the type Ibexian area of western Utah contain a considerably more diverse trilobite fauna than has previously been reported. Reinvestigation of these faunas, based on new field sampling, allows a reassessment of the dimeropygid genera Ischyrotoma Raymond, 1925, and Dimeropygiella Ross, 1951. These taxa have been considered synonyms, but parsimony analysis indicates each is a well supported clade, and they are best recognized as sister genera. The number of species known from Ibex has been doubled, from four to eight, and morphological information is now available for most parts of the exoskeleton. New species include Ischyrotoma juabensis (Juab Formation), I. wahwahensis (Wah Wah Formation), Dimeropygiella fillmorensis (Fillmore Formation), and D. mccormicki (Fillmore Formation). The previously named species Dimeropygiella caudanodosa, D. blanda, and D. ovata are fully revised on the basis of abundant new material. Pseudohystricurus is a paraphyletic group, with species distributed as a basal grade of the Ischyrotoma/Dimeropygiella group.
Keywords: Ibexian area; Lower Ordovician; trilobites; western Utah

Repatriation and the Study of Human Remains - Baker, B. J.; Varney, T.L.; Wilkinson, R.G.; L. M. Anderson; Liston, M.A. (The Future of the Past: Archaeologists, Native Americans, and Repatriation, 2001)
Keywords: anthropology

Captain Samuel Schuyler - Bielinski, S. (Dutch Settlers Society of Albany - Yearbook, 1998-2001, 2001)
Keywords: history

Architectural Survey of PIN 2029.52.121, Village of Canajoharie, Montgomery County, New York - J. Bollen (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1089.58.101, US 4 (Broad Street) from Fish Creek to North Street, NY 29/Ferry Street, Village of Schuylerville, Saratoga County, New York - J. Bollen (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Summary of Current Research - D. H. Cadwell (New York Glaciogram, 2001)
Keywords: geology

Cultural Resource Survey Report of PIN 3111.20.121, Town of Tully, Onondaga County, New York - J. S. Cardinal (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for OGS # 40520: Upgrade Water Treatment Facility Backwash System for Collins Correctional Facility, - J. S. Cardinal (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

The Mesozoic Magmatites Complex and the Associated Metallogenesis of the South Apuseni Mountains - Cioflica, L; M. V. Lupulescu; Udubasa, S. (2001)
Keywords: geology

Evaluation of Relationships Within the Endemic Hawaiian Platynini (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Based on Molecular and Morphological Evidence - J. R. Cryan; Liebherr, J. K.; Fetzner, J. W.; Whiting, M. F. (Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2001)
Relationships among 69 species of Hawaiian Platynini, a monophyletic beetle radiation, was investigated based on evidence from five data partitions, comprising mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences (cytochrome oxidase II, 624 bp; cytochrome b, 783 bp; 28S rDNA, 668 bp; wingless; 441 bp) and morphology (206 features of external and internal anatomy). Results from individual and combined data analyses generally support the monophyly of three putative divisions within Platynini in Hawaii: Division 0 (Colpocaccus species group), Division 1 (Blackburnia species group), and Division 2 (Metromenus species group). However, relationships within and among these three divisions differ from previous morphological hypotheses. An extensive series of sensitivity analyses was performed to assess robustness of recovered clades under a variety of weighted parsimony conditions. Sensitivity analyses support the monophyly of Divisions 0 and 1, but were equivocal for the monophyly of Division 2. A phylogeny based on combined data suggests at least four independent losses/reductions of platynine flight wings. The combined analysis provides corroboration for biogeographic hypotheses, including (1) colonization of Kauai by Hawaiian Platynini with subsequent dispersal and colonization along the island chain from Oahu to Maui Nui to Hawaii Island and (2) incongruent area relationships among Eastern Molokai, West Maui, and Haleakala for two species triplets.
Keywords: 28S rDNA; Biogeography; Carabidae; combined data analysis; cytochrome b; cytochrome oxidase II; ground beetles; Hawaii; molecular phylogenetics; Platynini; wingless

Orconectes neglectus is Established in the Northeast - R. A. Daniels; Murphy, D.C.; Klemens, M.W. (Northeast Naturalist, 2001)
Orconectes neglectus, a crayfish native to the Mississippi River drainage in Arkansas, Oklahoma, Missouri, and Kansas, is reported from streams in southeastern New York for the first time. This species is the newest component of a crayfish fauna that is increasingly dominated by introduced species. Individuals of this species were collected in 1997–1999. First and second form males and females ranged in size from 7.5–40.9 mm carapace length. Ovigerous females were collected in May 1999. These data demonstrate that this species is established and reproducing in clear, rubble-bottom streams in southeastern New York. O. neglectus is readily identifiable by its distinctive coloration and color pattern; other characteristics of the rostrum, mandible, gonopod and annulus ventralis also are useful in distinguishing it from other species inhabiting northeastern North America. Currently, O. neglectus is known in the northeastern United States only from tributaries of the upper Croton River of the lower Hudson River drainage. We assume that it was introduced into the area accidentally.
Keywords: crayfish; Hudson River; introduced species; Orconectes neglectus; southeastern New York

Untested Assumptions: The Role of Canals in the Dispersal of Sea Lamprey, Alewife, and Other Fishes in the eastern United States - R. A. Daniels (Environmental Biology of Fishes, 2001)
Canals provide aquatic organisms with an excellent thoroughfare to disperse, expand their range, and gain access to new drainages. The evidence used to support this contention is vast and dates to at least the early nineteenth century. In most cases however, the evidence used to defend the contention is not a direct observation of fish dispersing through a canal. Instead, the transfer is generally inferred after the new species is observed in a new watershed, one connected by a canal to the watershed in which the fish was already established. Often, these inferences are developed without considering aspects of the life history and behavior of the fishes involved, or the structure of the canal. I explore the historic transfer of sea lamprey, alewife and other fishes from one watershed to another in the inland waters of eastern North America, primarily New York. New York is an ideal area for examining this phenomenon as a canal has connected each of the five major drainages in the state during part of the previous 200 years. These twelve major canals, and the Welland Canal that connects lakes Ontario and Erie, bypassed major obstructions and created a continuous water route among drainages. Also, many of the 167 freshwater and diadromous fishes of New York exhibited distribution patterns historically limited to a watershed or set of neighboring watersheds. When several important cases are re-examined, dispersal through a canal is not the most parsimonious explanation for the presence of the species in a new drainage. To argue fish dispersal through navigation canals, researchers must consider the natural history and ecological requirements of the species, the characteristics and environmental conditions of the canal, and alternative explanations. The mere presence of a canal does not demonstrate that fish used the canal for dispersal.
Keywords: aqueducts; canals; Erie Canal; exotic species; fish dispersal; fish introductions; irrigation canals; navigation; rainbow smelt; white perch

An Archaeological Data Recovery Plan for PIN 3037.53.102, The Vandenburgh Site (NYSM # 10235), Route 31 Realignment, Town of Clay, Onondaga County, New York - N. L. Davis (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Archaeological Monitoring and Data Recovery Plan for PIN 1089.58.101, US 4 and Route 29, Village of Schuylerville, Town of Saratoga, Saratoga County, New York (PR # 01PR2149) - N. L. Davis (2001)

A Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 2017.14.221, Oertle Parcel Wetland Restoration Project, Town of Marcy, Oneida County, New York - N. L. Davis (2001)

A Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 2230.05.122, Route 922E over Route 49, Towns of Marcy and Whitestown, Oneida County, New York - N. L. Davis (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

A Cultural Resources Site Examination Report of PIN 3037.53.102, The Vandenburgh Site (NYSM # 10235), Route 31 Realignment, Town of Clay, Onondaga County, New York, (PR # 96PR0519) - N. L. Davis (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

A Cultural Resources Survey Report for an Archeological Reconnaissance Survey / Architectural Survey of PIN 1097.04.101, NY 9J and NY 150, Village of Castleton, Rensselaer County, New York - N. L. Davis; M.S. LoRusso (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

A Cultural Resources Survey Report for Archaeological Pre-Reconnaissance Survey and Architectural Survey, Addendum, of PIN 1089.57.122, US 4/Broadway, Village of Fort Edward, Washington County, New York - N. L. Davis (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

A Cultural Resources Survey Report of PIN 2801.27.123, River Street Stream Restoration, Oriskany Flats Wildlife Management Area, Town of Whitestown, Oneida County, New York - N. L. Davis (2001)

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 1041.04.102, NY 372 Bridge Replacement of BIN 1-04691-0. Village of Greenwich, Town of Easton Washington County, New York (MCD 11547 and 11504) - R. Dean; C. L. Fisher (2001)

Cultural Resource Survey Report of PIN 3015.26.321/ BIN 1-00037-0 and BIN 1-00038-0 NYS Route 3, Bridges over Salmon River, Town of Richland (MCD 07516) Oswego County, New York - R. Dean; C. L. Fisher (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Site Examination Report for PIN 1018.09.121, The Glen Tannery, Hamlet Store I, Bass House Site, W. Potter Hotel, D. Ross Log Residence, and The Glen Site Towns of Chester, Johnsburg and Thurman, Warren County, New York - R. Dean; C. L. Fisher (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Site Examination Report for PIN 1018.09.121, Towns of Chester, Thurman and Johnsburg, Warren County, New York - R. Dean (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Approaching Fabrics Through Impressions on Pottery - P. B. Drooker (Approaching Textiles, Varying Viewpoints, 2001)
Organic fabrics only rarely survive under archaeological conditions. Particularly in humid temperate or tropical zones, textiles and other fiber perishables rapidly decompose and disappear quite soon after deposition. A few remnants may be found in dry caves or anerobic wet sites, or as charred fragments or metal pseudomorphs, but these represent only a tiny proportion of regional prehistoric fabric production. Fortunately, though, the archaeological record does sometimes yield secondary evidence in the form of impressions on pottery of yam, fabric, and basketry. Following the theme of this year's TSA symposium, "Approaching Textiles, Varying Viewpoints," this paper focuses on methods and results of some recent projects involving fabric impressions on pottery. Non-archaeologists might or might not be familiar with the approach. Specialists in organic archaeological fabrics might be familiar with the methodology but see little or no incentive to use it. Even archaeologists who have used the analysis of fabric impressions to good advantage might not be familiar with some of the most recent developments in the field. In the following pages, I briefly review what is involved in such an analysis, describe advantages and limitations of fabric data derived from impressions, discuss some recently developed analytical approaches and newly-recognized problems, and touch upon several recent case studies that take full advantage of this medium.
Keywords: anthropology

The Dawn of History and the Transformation of the Fort Ancient Cultures of the Central Ohio Valley - P. B. Drooker; Cowan, C. W. (Societies in Eclipse: Archaeology of the Eastern Woodlands Indians, A.D. 1400-1700, 2001)
Keywords: anthropology

Fleeting Identities: Perishable Material Culture in Archaeological Research - P. B. Drooker (Southern Illinois University, 2001)
Keywords: anthropology

Leaving No Stone Unturned: Making the Most of Secondary Evidence for Perishable Material Culture - P. B. Drooker (Fleeting Identities: Perishable Material Culture in Archaeological Research, 2001)
Keywords: anthropology

Material Culture and Perishabililty - P. B. Drooker (Fleeting Identities: Perishable Material Culture in Archaeological Research, 2001)
Keywords: anthropology

Seismic Hazards of the West Valley Demonstration Project - R. H. Fakundiny (2001)
Keywords: geology

The Pipe Creek Sinkhole Biota, A Diverse Late Tertiary Continental Fossil Assemblage from Grant County, Indiana - Farlow, J. O.; Sunderman, J. A.; Havens, J. J.; Swinehart, A. L.; Holman, J. A.; Richards, R. L.; N. G. Miller; Martin, R. A.; Hunt, R. M. , Jr.; Storrs, G. W.; Curry, B. B.; Fluegeman, R. H.; et al. (American Midland Naturalist, 2001)
Quarrying in east-central Indiana has uncovered richly fossiliferous unconsolidated sediment buried beneath Pleistocene glacial till. The fossiliferous layer is part of a sedimentary deposit that accumulated in a sinkhole developed in the limestone flank beds of a Paleozoic reef. Plant and animal (mostly vertebrate) remains are abundant in the fossil assemblage. Plants are represented by a diversity of terrestrial and wetland forms, all of extant species. The vertebrate assemblage (here designated the Pipe Creek Sinkhole local fauna) is dominated by frogs and pond turtles, but fishes, birds, snakes and small and large mammals are also present; both extinct and extant taxa are represented. The mammalian assemblage indicates an early Pliocene age (latest Hemphillian or earliest Blancan North American Land Mammal Age). This is the first Tertiary continental biota discovered in the interior of the eastern half of North America.
Keywords: animal fossils; fossil assemblage; Indiana; Paleozoic reef; plant fossils

North American Commission On Stratigraphic Nomenclature: Note 63-Application for Amendment of the North American Stratigraphic Code Concerning Consistency and Updating Regarding Electronic Publishing - Ferrusquia-Villafranca, I. R.; Easton, M.; Edwards, L. E.; R. H. Fakundiny; Jones, J. O. (AAPG Bulletin, 2001)
The North American Stratigraphic Code, hereafter referred to as the Code, "represents but a stage in the evolution of scientific communication" (North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature, 1983, p. 841). It requires continued revision to adapt and better meet the present and emerging needs of the profession. The North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature (NACSN) is the body of scientists entrusted with the responsibilities of recommending procedures for classifying and naming stratigraphic and related units and of considering proposal for amendment to the Code. In 1994, the NACSN decided to address various inconsistencies and imperfections detected in the Code. Chairman Donald G. Cook appointed an ad hoc committee consisting of Lucy E. Edwards, Robert H. Fakundiny, R. Michael Easton, and Ismael Ferrusquía, chaired by the latter, to look into consistency, clarity, and simple updates and to make recommendations. At about the same time, the Association of Earth Sciences Editors proposed updating of the Code with respect to electronic publishing. Another ad hoc committee of the NACSN was appointed in 1996 to deal with biostratigraphic units (Note 64, this volume). An additional ad hoc committee has been appointed to consider diachronic units. The work of the present committee involves the Scope and Overview sections of the Code, 19 of the Articles, 1 figure caption, 2 of the figures, and 2 tables. Most proposed modifications attempt to improve the consistency and clarity of the Code. A significant change in this Note of Amendment is in the area of publication, namely, Article= 4.
Keywords: geology; North America; stratigraphic code

Postglacial History of a Marl Fen: Vegetational Stability at Byron-Bergen Swamp, Genesee County, New York - Futyma, R. P.; N. G. Miller (Canadian Journal of Botany, 2001)
Byron-Bergen Swamp, an 800-ha mire complex in western New York, is a mosaic of hardwoodconifer forest, white cedar swamp, and open nonforested fens dominated by sedges, other herbs, and shrubs. The mire is a sloping, spring-fed rich fen in which marl deposition occurs in the open fens but not under forest. Two cores, 120 m apart, one in a marl fen and the other in a hardwoodconifer swamp, were taken to investigate the history of the mire. Sediment, pollen stratigraphy, and 14C chronology show that the Holocene record of local vegetation at each coring site was very different. One site was first a shallow marl pool (10 700 5600 years BP), then an open shrubconifer vegetation, and finally a closed hardwoodconifer swamp. The other site progressed from a pinesprucetamarack swamp (10 700 8000 years BP) to a white cedar swamp (75003500 years BP) and then to a marl sedge fen (3500 years BP present). The spatial arrangement of swamp forest and marl fen changed through time, responding to marl accumulation and lateral shifts in drainage pathways. Marl deposition occurred continuously at each site, although at different times, for several thousand years. The pattern of vegetation change that we found is not congruent with that predicted from classical hydrarch succession.Key words: marl, mire development, pollen stratigraphy, rich fen.
Keywords: 14C chronology; Byron-Bergen Swamp; Holocene; local vegetation; pollen stratigraphy; sediment; western New York

Middle Cambrian of Avalonian Massachusetts: Stratigraphy and Correlation of the Braintree Trilobites - G. Geyer; E. Landing (Journal of Paleontology, 2001)
Although Middle Cambrian trilobites of the Braintree Member in eastern Massachusetts were among the first published on in North America, re-examination of this fauna has led to wholesale taxonomic and biostratigraphic re-evaluation. This low diversity fauna now includes at least seven species, with the first report of agnostoids (three poorly preserved taxa) and the ellipsocephalid Kingaspis avalonensis new species. Paradoxides (Acadoparadoxides) harlani Green emend., a senior synonym of P. (A.) haywardi Raymond, allows correlation into the lowest Middle Cambrian elsewhere in Avalon. However, all the polymeroid species are endemic, and this precludes a highly resolved correlation into other Cambrian paleocontinents. A breakdown of provincial barriers in the late Early Cambrian as western Gondwana passed from equatorial to the higher south latitudes of Avalon led to faunal exchanges between these continents. Paradoxides (Acadoparadoxides) and Kingaspis of the Braintree fauna are shared with western Gondwana, while Braintreella and “Agraulos” quadrangularis are closest to genera known from the Spanish, Moroccan, and Perunican (Bohemian) margins of Gondwana.
Keywords: Biostratigraphy; Braintree Member; Middle Cambrian; trilobites

Archaeological Survey Report for PIN 2125.13.121, Town of Glen, Montgomery County, New York - A. Gore (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for OGS-1, Cultural Resource Monitoring for the Empire State Plaza East Parking Garage in the City of Albany, Albany County, New York - A. Gore (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for Upland Disposal Site # 2-1.3, Erie Barge Canal, Town of Colonie, Albany County, New York - A. Gore; J. Ross (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

A Mohawk Iroquois Village: A Virtual Exhibit at the New York State Museum - G. R. Hamell; W. B. Rogers (2001)
Keywords: anthropology

Maize, Matrilocality, Migration, and Northern Iroquoian Evolution - J. P. Hart (Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, 2001)
The co-occurrence of matrilocality and maize-based agriculture among historical northern Iroquoian groups of New York and southern Ontario has long been of interest to anthropologists and archaeologists. The traditional explanation of this association is that gradual evolution of maize-based agriculture through female labor enhanced female status in families, which resulted in matrilocality. Dean Snow (1995a) recently challenged this in situ hypothesis of matrilocality by arguing that the sudden appearance of maize-based agriculture and matrilocality can only be explained by the migration of ancestral Iroquoian agriculturists into areas already inhabited by other people. Matrilocality arose because it allowed a focus on external warfare by men against the hostile original inhabitants. In contrast, and based on a general model of maize agriculture evolution and the effects of postmarital residence patterns on that model, I argue that neither in situ development hypothesis nor Snow's migration hypothesis affect the coevolution of matrilocality and maize agriculture, and that their “sudden” appearance cannot be used as evidence in support of either hypothesis. I also show that current archaeological evidence for maize agriculture and matrilocality support a gradual coevolution of maize agriculture and matrilocality rather than the sudden appearance argued by Snow.
Keywords: Iroquois; maize agriculture; matrilocality; Migration

Riccobono's 'Quarry in the Schoharie': Stratigraphy, Operations and Mass Movement - Inners, J.D.; C. A. Ver Straeten (Delaware Water Gap, 2001)
Keywords: geology

Arboreal Tropical Forest Vertebrates: Current Knowledge and Research Trends - R. W. Kays; Allison, A. (Plant Ecology, 2001)
We review the ecology and specialized methods required for studying arboreal mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians, and use faunal checklists from 12 tropical wet forest sites and an analysis of all articles published during the past ten years in 14 major journals to assess current knowledge and general research trends for these groups. The percentage of arboreal vertebrates was remarkably similar at the different sites (76.2 ± 3.9%). Birds were the most arboreal group and amphibians and reptiles the least. The review of journals showed that primates were overwhelmingly the most studied group (336 papers), followed by bats (105), passeriform birds (73) and rodents (55). Judging by their portion of the arboreal vertebrate community and the number of papers surveyed, birds and amphibians and reptiles are vastly understudied compared to mammals, but this is largely due to the great number of primate studies. The number of publications on arboreal vertebrates has remained relatively stable over the last 10 years for all taxa except primates, which have seen a growth in publications. Canopy vertebrates from Brazil had by far the most publications (120), followed by Madagascar (61), Costa Rica (55) and Indonesia (42). We conclude by highlighting the priorities we see for future studies on tropical canopy vertebrates.
Keywords: Amphibians; Birds; Canopy; mammals; Primates; Reptiles

Arboreal Tropical Forest Vertebrates: Current Knowledge and Research Trends - R. W. Kays; Allison, A. (Tropical Forest Canopies: Ecology and Management, 2001)
We review the ecology and specialized methods required for studying arboreal mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians, and use faunal checklists from 12 tropical wet forest sites and an analysis of all articles published during the past ten years in 14 major journals to assess current knowledge and general research trends for these groups. The percentage of arboreal vertebrates was remarkably similar at the different sites (76.2 ± 3.9%). Birds were the most arboreal group and amphibians and reptiles the least. The review of journals showed that primates were overwhelmingly the most studied group (336 papers), followed by bats (105), passeriform birds (73) and rodents (55). Judging by their portion of the arboreal vertebrate community and the number of papers surveyed, birds and amphibians and reptiles are vastly understudied compared to mammals, but this is largely due to the great number of primate studies. The number of publications on arboreal vertebrates has remained relatively stable over the last 10 years for all taxa except primates, which have seen a growth in publications. Canopy vertebrates from Brazil had by far the most publications (120), followed by Madagascar (61), Costa Rica (55) and Indonesia (42). We conclude by highlighting the priorities we see for future studies on tropical canopy vertebrates.
Keywords: Amphibians; Birds; Canopy Mammals; Primates; Reptiles

Kinkajou - R. W. Kays (The Encyclopedia of Mammals, 2001)
Keywords: biology

Olingos - R. W. Kays (The Encyclopedia of Mammals, 2001)
Keywords: biology

Ringtail and Cacomistle - R. W. Kays (The Encyclopedia of Mammals, 2001)
Keywords: biology

The Social Organization of the Kinkajou Potos flavus (Procyonidae) - R. W. Kays; Gittleman, J. L. (Journal of Zoology, 2001)
The social organization of the kinkajou Potos flavus is described from 380 h of observations on habituated, free-ranging animals. Individuals were most often alone while feeding at night, yet they regularly interacted in stable social groups. Four social groups were observed, each consisting of a single adult female, two adult males, one sub-adult and one juvenile. At least one breeding female was solitary and did not reside within a group. Social groups were consolidated primarily at denning sites and large fruiting trees by group feeding, allogrooming and scent marking. However, kinkajous were most often observed solitarily, as social feeding only occurred in 19.6 of total feeding bouts (mainly among males) and individuals rarely travelled together. Although the composition of social groups was polyandrous, males also copulated with non-group females which suggests a promiscuous mating system. Female-biased dispersal and patterns of male association seem to be patrilineal and based on resource defence. The evolution of social organization in the kinkajou is discussed in relation to predation risk, resource availability, and convergence with primates of similar fission–fusion socioecology.
Keywords: behaviour; carnivores; kinkajou; Potos flavus; primate evolution; social organization

Textiles from the Wickliffe Mounds Site - Kutruff, J. T.; P. B. Drooker (Excavations at Wickliffe Mounds, 2001)
Keywords: anthropology

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report of OGS 40469/S6142, Construct Maintenance Subheadquarters, DOT Region 2, State Dam Road, Alder Creek, Town of Boonville (MCD06504),Oneida County, New York - A. Lain; V. A. Schmitt (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report of OGS-DOCS OGS # 41159, Provide Primary Care Clinic, Eastern Correctional Facility, Village of Napanoch, Town of Wawarsing (MCD 11119), Ulster County, New York - A. Lain (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for OGS Project Number 41207/S6725, Upgrade Water Storage Distribution System, MacCormick Secure Center, Town of Caroline (MCD 10901), Tompkins County, New York - A. Lain; V. A. Schmitt (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

New York State Museum Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for OGS Project Number E8449, Replace Facility Waterline, Coxsackie Correctional Facility, Town of Coxsackie (MCD 03905), Greene County, New York - A. Lain (2001)

New York State Museum Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for OGS Project Number 40684, Provide Gymnasium Building, Adirondack Residential Center, Town of Schuyler Falls (MCD 01914), Clinton County, New York - A. Lain (2001)

New York State Museum Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for OGS Project Number 41135, Construct Maintenance Subheadquarters, DOT Region 8, Hamlet of Millwood, Town of New Castle (MCD 11909), Westchester County, New York - A. Lain; V. A. Schmitt (2001)

OGS # 36622-C - Addendum; Replace Water Distribution System; Mills-Norrie State Park;Town of Hyde Park; Dutchess County, New York - A. Lain (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

The Covered Locks of Wood Creek - P. Lord Jr. (Journal of the Society for Industrial Archeology, 2001)
Keywords: anthropology history

The Mohawk/Oneida Corridor: The Geography of Inland Navigation Across New York - P. Lord Jr. (The Sixty Years' War for the Great Lakes, 1754-1814, 2001)
Keywords: history

An Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) Documentation of the Alcoa Bridge over the Grasse River, NYSDOT PIN 7751.96.121, Town of Massena, St. Lawrence County, New York. - M.S. LoRusso (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Responses of Onondaga Lake, NY to early stages of rehabilitation: unanticipated ecosystem feedbacks - Mathews, D. A.; Effler, S.W.; Mathews (Brooks), C. W.; C. A. Siegfried; Spada, M. E. (Water Environment Research, 2001)
Responses of polluted Onondaga Lake, New York, to early stages of a phased program to rehabilitate the lake from the effects of domestic waste inputs are documented. The analysis is based on more than 10 years of paired monitoring of the effluent (total ammonia and total phosphorus) of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) that discharges to the lake as well as the lake itself (including total ammonia, nitrite, total and dissolved forms of phosphorus, plankton biomass and composition, Secchi disc transparency, and zebra mussel density). Major reductions in total ammonia and total phosphorus loading relative to the preceding decade are reported for the WWTP for the November 1998 through October 1999 interval. Dramatic and, in some cases, unanticipated changes in the lake's water quality and biota in response to the reductions in loading are documented for the April to October interval of 1999 including: (1) major decreases in total ammonia concentrations and improved status with respect to ammonia toxicity standards, (2) development of dense populations of zebra mussels, (3) decreases in fall concentrations of nitrite and improved status with respect to the related toxicity standard, (4) decreases in total phosphorus and total dissolved phosphorus concentrations, and (5) a severe Microcystis (phytoplankton) bloom that caused nuisance conditions and poor clarity. The zebra mussel invasion is attributed to the reductions in total ammonia concentrations to below toxic levels. The Microcystis bloom was probably related to the abrupt increase in the zebra mussel population. Additional reductions in phosphorus loading from the WWTP will be required to limit phytoplankton production and avoid the potential for continued nuisance conditions. Potential complications in resolving lake responses to future reductions in loading associated with the zebra mussel invasion are considered.
Keywords: ammonia; eutrophication; lakes; nuisance blooms; phosphorus; rehabilitation; toxicity; Zebra mussels

Nycteola frigidana Walker (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Sarrothripinae) Reported at an Unorthodox Bait - T. L. McCabe (Journal of the Lepidopterist's Society, 2001)
Keywords: Gadway Barrens; insect remains; New York; Salix bebhiana

Jack Pine at 4000 feet in the Giant Mountain Wilderness Area, Adirondack Mountains, New York - N. G. Miller (New York Flora Association Newsletter, 2001)
Keywords: biology

Recent Bryological Studies of Adirondack Mountain Alpine Summits - N. G. Miller (Newsletter of the Friends of the Farlow, Havard University, 2001)
Keywords: biology

Tales from the field: North to Tundra and ice-Kalaallit Nunaat (Greenland) - N. G. Miller (Members Update, 2001)
Keywords: biology

A Catalog of Sterling Forest Plants - R. S. Mitchell; Barbour, J.G.; Focht, J. (2001)
Keywords: biology

Characterization of Intracytoplasmic Prokaryote Infections in Dreissena sp. (Bivalvia: Dreissenidae) - D. P. Molloy; L. Giamberini; Morado, J. F.; Fokin, S. I.; Laruelle, F. (Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 2001)
This study characterizes intracytoplasmic infections with <a href="http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/11383568/?whatizit_url_Species=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=2&lvl=0" style="text-decoration:none; font-weight:normal; color:#000000;" target="_blank">prokaryote microorganisms in <a href="http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/11383568/?whatizit_url_Species=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=45951&lvl=0" style="text-decoration:none; font-weight:normal; color:#000000;" target="_blank">Dreissena sp. (near <a href="http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/11383568/?whatizit_url_Species=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=45954&lvl=0" style="text-decoration:none; font-weight:normal; color:#000000;" target="_blank">Dreissena polymorpha) from northeastern Greece and represents the first report of such infections in freshwater <a href="http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/11383568/?whatizit_url_Species=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=6544&lvl=0" style="text-decoration:none; font-weight:normal; color:#000000;" target="_blank">bivalves. Light microscope observations of stained tissues revealed basophilic, cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in 87.5% (28/32) of the mussels sectioned. Inclusions in epithelial cells and connective tissues were noted, respectively, in 34.4 and 71.9% of the sample, with 5 mussels (15.6%) having both tissue types infected. Epithelial cell infections were observed in histological sections only in digestive gland tubules and ducts; within tubules, inclusions were present more often in secretory than digestive cells. Connective tissue infections, however, were systemic; among the 32 mussels sectioned, inclusions were found in the gills (65.6%), foot (12.5%), mantle (9.4%), labial palps (6.3%), digestive gland (6.3%), stomach (6.3%), and gonads (3.1%). Cytoplasmic inclusions (maximum dimension, 138 microm) were prominent enough in the gills to be visible in 17.0% of the 247 mussels dissected. Ultrastructurally, <a href="http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/11383568/?whatizit_url_Species=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=2&lvl=0" style="text-decoration:none; font-weight:normal; color:#000000;" target="_blank">prokaryote cells in gill connective tissues were clearly characteristic of <a href="http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/11383568/?whatizit_url_Species=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=51291&lvl=0" style="text-decoration:none; font-weight:normal; color:#000000;" target="_blank">Chlamydiales-like organisms, with each intracytoplasmic inclusion containing a loosely packed mixture of elementary, reticulate, intermediate bodies, and blebs. <a href="http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/11383568/?whatizit_url_Species=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=2&lvl=0" style="text-decoration:none; font-weight:normal; color:#000000;" target="_blank">Prokaryote colonies in digestive gland epithelial cells exclusively contained 1 of 4 morphological cell types and were considered <a href="http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/11383568/?whatizit_url_Species=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=766&lvl=0" style="text-decoration:none; font-weight:normal; color:#000000;" target="_blank">Rickettsiales-like. Hexagonal, virus-like particles were present in the cytoplasm of the largest of these <a href="http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/11383568/?whatizit_url_Species=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=766&lvl=0" style="text-decoration:none; font-weight:normal; color:#000000;" target="_blank">Rickettsiales-like <a href="http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/11383568/?whatizit_url_Species=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=2&lvl=0" style="text-decoration:none; font-weight:normal; color:#000000;" target="_blank">prokaryotes. Although host stress was evident from localized cell necrosis and dense hemocyte infiltration, overall infection was fairly benign, with no major, adverse impact on body condition evident among sectioned or dissected mussels. A possible negative effect was partial constriction of gill <a href="http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/11383568/?whatizit_url_Chemicals=http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI%3A15377" style="text-decoration:none; font-weight:normal; color:#000000;" target="_blank">water tubes, but at the infection intensity observed (typical range 1 to 7 inclusion bodies per section), significant interference with respiration and other metabolic functions of the gills was highly unlikely.
Keywords: Chlamydiales-like; Connective tissue; Epithelium; Intracytoplasmic prokaryote; Rickettsiales-like; Virus-like particles; Zebra mussels

A Method for Controlling Dreissena Species - D. P. Molloy (2001)
Keywords: biology

A new inland station in New York State for Sphagnum angermanicum - Phillips, T.; N. G. Miller (Evansia, 2001)
Keywords: biology

Late Prehistoric Cultures of the Upper Susquehanna Valley - Prezzano, S. C.; C. B. Rieth (Archaeology of the Appalachian Highlands, 2001)
Keywords: anthropology Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Data Recovery Report for the Ballston Archaeological District and the Jennings Site, Town of Ballston, Saratoga County, New York - C. B. Rieth (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report for PIN 9111.18.101, The Webster and Johnstone Sites, Reconstruction and Realignment of Route 145, US 20, and County Route 5A, Towns of Sharon and Seward, Schoharie County, New York - C. B. Rieth (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

1910 Marcus Illions Carosel in Saratoga Springs, New York - J. L. Scherer (The Carousel News & Trader, 2001)
Keywords: history

The Allison brothers: New York City cabinetmakers - J. L. Scherer (The Catalogue of Antiques & Fine Art, 2001)
Keywords: history

The New York State Museum Carousel: its History Uncovered - J. L. Scherer (The Carousel News & Trader, 2001)
Keywords: history

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for OGS 41207/S6725, Upgrade Water Storage Distribution System, MacCormick Secure Center, Town of Caroline, Tompkins County, New York. - V. A. Schmitt (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

A role for water droplets in the pollination of Platanthera aquilonis (Orchidaceae) - C. J. Sheviak (Rhodora, 2001)
The North American Platanthera aquilonis Sheviak has long been known to autopollinate. Pollinia rotate forward and downward out of the anther sacs and contact the stigma. Previous experimental evidence has indicated that this movement is effected by gravity. In addition to the move ment of whole pollinia, flowers are often found in which continuous streams of pollen massulae emanate from anther sacs and seemingly pour down onto the stigma. Experiments with cultivated plants have shown that water droplets can collect in the centers of flowers of this species. These sometimes draw a sheet of massulae out of an anther sac either onto the surface of the droplet or into its interior. As the droplet evaporates, the massulae are deposited as a continuous layer from the anther sac onto the stigma. It is suggested that in nature dew may function to produce the observed pollen streams.
Keywords: Platanthera aquilonis; Platanthera hyperborea; pollination

Gold in Romania: Chemistry and Alpine Metallogenesis - Shimzu, M; Cioflica, G; Jude, R; M. V. Lupulescu; Berbeleac, I; Kovacs , M (Mineral Deposits at the Beginning of the 21st Century, 2001)
Keywords: geology

Publications of the New York State Museum - J. B. Skiba (The University of the State of New York, 2001)
Keywords: anthropology biology geology history

Discrimination of Local and Global Effects on Upper Mississippian Stratigraphy, Illinois Basin, USA - L. B. Smith Jr.; Read, J. F. (Journal of Sedimentary Research, 2001)
Interpretive cross sections based on detailed descriptions of 33 outcrops and cores are used to better understand the relative effects of tectonics, eustasy, tides, and climate on Upper Mississippian (middle Chesterian) stratigraphy in the tectonically active, tide-dominated Illinois basin. The cross sections show that five mixed carbonate-siliciclastic, high-frequency sequences in the Bethel through Glen Dean formations can be correlated around the outcrop belt through areas with very different subsidence histories. The sequence boundaries are marked by paleosols and incised valleys and can be correlated basin-wide within a framework of distinctive marker beds. Because of its updip position, lowstand systems tracts are not preserved in the Illinois basin. The transgressive systems tracts generally consist of one or two parasequences that are typically composed of tidally influenced quartz sandstone filling incised valleys at the base overlain by open-marine skeletal limestone, shallow-marine shale, and heterolithic siliciclastic tidal-flat deposits. The maximum flooding surface (MFS) for the sequences is picked at the base of the deepest water limestone facies. Highstand systems tracts are composed of 1 to 6 regressive parasequences that consist of basal offshore skeletal limestone capped by laterally extensive shale and heterolithic siliciclastic tidal-flat facies. The basin-wide extent of the sequence boundaries and maximum flooding surfaces across tectonic highs and lows suggests that the sequences were produced by eustatic sea-level changes rather than local tectonics or autogenic processes. The sequences were likely produced by moderate- to high-amplitude (30-100 m) fourth-order (∼ 400 ky) glacio-eustatic sea-level changes driven by the transition from the greenhouse conditions of the Early Mississippian to the "icehouse" conditions of the late Paleozoic. The lateral extent and frequency of component parasequences suggests that they were likely produced by fifth-order sea-level changes (10-100 ky). The sequences may be bundled into third-order composite sequences, but the third-order signal is obscured by the magnitude of the fourth-order sea-level changes a feature typical of ice-house stratigraphies. The sequences can be used as time slices to identify spatial and temporal variations in differential subsidence between the Cincinnati Arch and the more rapidly subsiding Basin Interior. Episodes of high and low differential subsidence occurred every two to three sequences. These subsidence variations had a major impact on lithofacies distribution and onlap and offlap geometries in sequences and parasequences. The occurrence of some widespread seismically disturbed beds suggests that active faulting occurred during deposition. Normal faulting appears to have occurred during periods of high differential subsidence and reverse faulting during periods of low differential subsidence. Differential subsidence and related normal and reverse faulting may have occurred in response to phases of thrust loading and quiescence in the Appalachian orogenic belt to the east. Even in this tectonically active setting, however, it is the eustatic signal that generates basin-wide, mappable stratigraphic sequences.
Keywords: eustasy; Illinois basin; tectonics; tides; Upper Mississippian (middle Chesterian) stratigraphy

High-resolution Sequence Stratigraphic Setting of Mississippian Carbonate Eolianites, Illinois and Appalachian Basins - L. B. Smith Jr.; Al-Tawil, A. A.; Read, J. F. (Modern and Ancient Carbonate Eolianites, 2001)
Carbonate eolianites areabundant in the lower Chesterian Upper Mississippian succession in the Appalachian and Illinois Basins The eolianites arequartz peloid grainstones composed of well rounded very fine to fine sand size peloids wholeooids broken ooids that have been re rounded skeletal fragments and generally finer grained subangular frosted quartz Eolian deposits are I to 8 m thick and tens of meters to many kilometers wide They have wedge sets of planar and tangential sharply defined inverse graded laminae with dips of up to 20 degrees. A high resolution sequence stratigraphic framework was generated using the available biostratigraphy and closely spaced strati graphic sections and core and tracing regional disconformities marked by breccia calcrete and soil horizons between the sections EolianiIe units backstep within the transgressive part of the Chesterian supersequence and are absent from the highstand part which is dominated by siliciclasticsand likely formed in a more humid setting Withinthird order and fourth order sequences the eolianites occur updip in disconformity bounded parasequences In the transgressive and early highstand systems tracts of sequences eolianiIes overlie exposure surfaces and are preserved in the transgressive parts of the parasequences In the late highstand parts of sequences eolianites are preserved in the regressive parts of parasequences and are capped by sequence bounding disconformities marked by breccia and calcrete. The abundance of carbonaIe eolianiIes in the Upper Mississippian is likely due to seasonal semiarid climate and moderate amplitude fourth order eustatic sea level changes The reservoir potential of the eolianites is limited by tight packing and calcite cementation However recognition of the eolianites is critical to understanding the vertical and lateral distribution of reservoir facies within the sequence stratigraphic framework because they indicate subaerial conditions and commonly mark subtle sequence boundaries.
Keywords: geology

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 8021.40.121, NY 52 over the Wallkill River Village of Walden, Town of Montgomery, Orange County, New York - J. Sopko; M.S. LoRusso (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

PIN 1089.62.121, I-90 Exit 8 Connector with Rte. 4 Town of North Greenbush, Rensselaer County, New York Addendum - J. Sopko (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

PIN 8021.40.101, NY 52 over the Wallkill River, Village of Walden, Town of Montgomery, Orange County, New York: Site Examination of NYSM Site 10935, New York Knife Factory Site - J. Sopko (2001)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

The Motorcycle Industry in New York State: A Concise Encyclopedia of Inventors, Builders, and Manufacturers - G. Stein (New York State Museum Memoir, 2001)
Keywords: history

Sod Blocks in Illinois Hopewell Mounds - Van Nest, J.; Charles, D. K.; Buikstra, J. E.; Asch, D. L. (American Antiquity, 2001)
Explaining prehistoric mound development requires both anthropological and geoarchaeological perspectives. Illinois Hopewell (Middle Woodland) mounds are remarkable for the range of earthen materials used in their construction. Adding to this variety we document the presence of upturned sod blocks in a mound at the Mound House site. There and at other Illinois sites the sods have dark, 3-10-cm-thick A horizons with minimal or no evidence of B horizon development They required no more than a few decades to form and did so under a grass cover. Humans probably created the conditions that enabled sods to form, but the sod blocks were not cut from soils adjacent to the mounds (unless from another mound surface nearby) or from soils in habitation areas. In some respects, sod blocks would have been a superior earthen building material, appropriately chosen, for instance, to construct stable, near-vertical walls of above-ground tombs. Their selection and use, however, cannot be explained solely according to principles of sound and efficient mound construction. We argue that sod blocks and other kinds of earth for Illinois Hopewell mounds surely had important symbolic dimensions in addition to their structural properties.
Keywords: construction; earthen mounds; Hopewell; Illinois; sod blocks

Event and Sequence Stratigraphy and a New Synthesis of the Lower to Middle Devonian, Eastern Pennsylvania and Adjacent Areas - C. A. Ver Straeten (Delaware Water Gap, 2001)
Keywords: geology

The Schoharie Formation in Eastern Pennsylvania - C. A. Ver Straeten (Delaware Water Gap, 2001)
Keywords: geology

Stop 7. East Stroudsburg Railroad Cut: Schoharie Formation and Onondaga Limestone - Stratigraphy and Structure - C. A. Ver Straeten; Inners, J.D.; Epstein, J.B. (Delaware Water Gap, 2001)
Keywords: geology

Stop 8. Fairway and U.S. 209 Shale Pit: Upper Onondaga Limestone, Union Springs Formation, and Basal Union Springs Decollement - C. A. Ver Straeten; Monteverde, D.H.; Inners, J.D. (Delaware Water Gap, 2001)
Keywords: geology

Adding Complexity to Late Archaic Research in the Northeast Appalachians - Versaggi, N.; Wurst, L.; Madrigal, T. C.; A. Lain (Archaeology of the Appalachian Highlands, 2001)
Keywords: anthropology

Geometroid caterpillars of Northeastern and Appalachian Forests - Wagner, D.; Ferguson, D.; T. L. McCabe (Forest Service Circular, 2001)

Thermal Maturity Patterns in New York State Using CAI and %R (sub o) - Weary, D. J.; Ryder, R. T.; R. E. Nyahay (Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences, 2001)
Keywords: geology

Distributions of Lake Fishes in the Northeast-IV. Benthic and Small Water-column Species - Whittier, T. R.; Halliwell, D. B.; R. A. Daniels (Northeastern Naturalist, 2001)
Using data collected at 203 randomly selected lakes in eight states in northeastern USA, we present maps of distributions and native status for 28 fish species: 15 benthic species in five families, 11 small water-column feeders in six families, and two large piscivores. Brown bullhead and white sucker were among the most widespread lake-dwelling fishes, and were collected in 69% and 56% of the sampled lakes. Banded killifish, American eel, and yellow bullhead were collected in 26%, 19% and 17% of sampled lakes respectively. The remaining species were collected in <8% of the sampled lakes. Many of the species that were uncommon in this survey have limited distributions in the Northeast or are more commonly found in streams than in lakes. Seven species discussed in this article are Mississippian and were only collected in Cross Lake, NY. We also present a summary of the extent, geographic distributions, and native status of all 88 fish species collected in the EMAP – Northeast Lakes Project.
Keywords: benthic species; fish species; geographic distributions; lakes; northeastern USA

Facies and Fossils of the Lower Hamilton Group (Middle Devonian) in the Livingston County-Onondaga County Region - G.C. Baird; C. Brett; C. A. Ver Straeten (2000)
Keywords: geology paleontology

Beyond the Massacre: Historic and Prehistoric Activity at Fort William Henry - Baker, B. J.; C. B. Rieth (Northeast Anthropology, 2000)
Keywords: anthropology

A Map of the Weaving World in A.D. 1000 - Barber, E.; P. B. Drooker; Fraquemont, E.; Jones, C.; Teague, L. (Handwoven, 2000)
Keywords: anthropology

A Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey of OGS # 41140: Provide Dormitory for Wyoming Correctional Facility, Town of Attica, Wyoming County, New York. - J. Bollen (2000)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Anatomy of a Composite Sequence Boundary: The Silurian-Devonian Contact in Western New York State - C. Brett; C. A. Ver Straeten; G.C. Baird (2000)
Keywords: geology

Down Below and Long Ago: Geology of Secret Caverns and Fossil Collecting, Schoharie County, New York - D. H. Cadwell; W. M. Kelly; C. A. Ver Straeten (2000)
Keywords: geology paleontology

Seismic Hazard Assessment, Westchester County, Final Report - D. H. Cadwell (2000)
Keywords: geology

Seismic Hazard Assessment, Westchester County, Final Report, New York State Museum Technical Report, Open File No. 4i390 - D. H. Cadwell (2000)
Keywords: geology

A Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Site Examination Report of NYSM Site 10486, The Schoolhouse No. 7 Site, PIN 7016.56.121, NY Rte. 12 from County Rte 9 to NY Rte. 181, Town of Clayton, Jefferson County - J. S. Cardinal; C. L. Fisher (2000)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey of PIN 1125.20.101 (Realignment of NY Rt. 85) from Town of Rensselaerville, Albany County, New York--Addendum - J. S. Cardinal (2000)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1043.19.121, Realignment of Crescent-Visher Ferry Road, Town of Halfmoon, Village of Crescent, Saratoga County, New York. - J. S. Cardinal; M.S. LoRusso (2000)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1125.20.101 (Rte. 85), Town of Rensselaerville, Albany County, New York. - J. S. Cardinal (2000)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Memorial tribute to Leslie Arthur Sirkin - Connally, G. G.; D. H. Cadwell (Geological Society of America Memorials, 2000)
Keywords: geology

A Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 7143.26.121, US & NY 177 Intersection and Hamlet of Adams Center Improvements, Hamlet of Adams Center, Town of Adams, Jefferson County, New York - N. L. Davis (2000)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 7143.26.121, US 11 and 177 Intersection and Hamlet of Adams Center Improvements, Hamlet of Adams Center, Town of Adams, Jefferson County, New York (Vols. 1-3) - N. L. Davis; M.S. LoRusso (2000)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

A Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 1018.09.121, NYS 28 Bridge Replacement over the Hudson River and Glen Creek, Towns of Chester, Johnsburg, and Thurman, Warren County, New York. - R. Dean; M.S. LoRusso; C. L. Fisher (2000)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

A Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 3037.56.121, Addendum Survey; NYS Route 31, Hamlet of Belgium and River Road, Towns of Clay and Lysander, Onondaga County, New York - R. Dean; M.S. LoRusso; C. L. Fisher (2000)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3037.56.121, Route 31, Hamlet of Belgium and River Road, Towns of Clay and Lysander, Onondaga County, New York - R. Dean; M.S. LoRusso (2000)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for Route 28 Bridge Replacement over the Hudson River and Glen Creek, Towns of Chester, Johnsburg and Thurman, Warren County, New York - R. Dean (2000)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Site Examination Report of Henry Hotel Site (NYSM 10898). For PIN 3057.44.121, NYS Route 13 Hamlet of East Homer, Town of Homer, Cortland County, New York - R. Dean (2000)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Beyond Cloth and Cordage: Archaeological Textile Research in the Americas - P. B. Drooker; Webster, L. D. (University of Utah Press, 2000)
Keywords: anthropology

Madisonville Focus Revisited: Reexcavating Fort Ancient from Museum Collections - P. B. Drooker (Cultures Before Contact: The Late Prehistory of Ohio and Surrounding Regions, 2000)
A half century ago, James B. Griffin defined the Madisonville Focus of Fort Ancient, including over a dozen sites in southeastern Indians, southwestern Ohio, and northern Kentucky. His work drew heavily on museum and private collections excavated during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, focusing to a large extent on geographical distributions of archaeological traits—types of ceramics, non-pottery artifacts, and features such as burial mounds. Since publication of Griffin's The Fort Ancient Aspect, his southwestern Ohio data have been supplemented ny at least two regional survys, a number of small-scale but stratigraphically well-controlled excavations, and one large-scale project, at the Turpin site. These data, along with the development of new techniques such as seriation, radiocarbon dating, flotation, and trace element analysis, and new theory to tackle research questions on topics such as subsistence, health, settlement patterns, socioeconomic organization, and interregional exchange, pave the way for a fruitful reexamination of the collections with which Griffin worked in his original formulation of the Madisonville Focus. After a brief summary of Fort Ancient excavation history in southwestern Ohio, this paper focuses on three topics that were not emphasized by Griffin: chronological relationships, settlement patterns, and social organization. Recent projects that made use of museum-curated materials from Madisonville, Hahn's Field, Turpin, Sand Ridge, Campbell Island, and Anderson Village (Anderson Focus) site are highlighted, illustrating the potential for furhter research with existing collections.
Keywords: Fort Ancient; Madisonville; Northeastern North American archaeology

Citation for Robert A. Levich, CPG-06477, 2000 recipient of the Martin Van Couvering Memorial Award - R. H. Fakundiny (The Professional Geologist, 2000)
Keywords: geology

Summary of State Activities-New York, 1999-2000 - R. H. Fakundiny (The State Geologists Journal, 2000)
Keywords: geology