Duration of the Early Cambrian: U-Pb Ages of Volcanic Ashes from Avalon and Gondwana - E. Landing; Bowring, S. A.; Davidek, K. L.; Westrop, S. R.; G. Geyer; Heldmaier , W. (Canadian Journal of Earth Science, 1998)
Volcanic zircons from three ashes give a U-Pb date of 511 ± 1 Ma on trilobite-bearing, upper Lower Cambrian (upper Branchian Series) strata of southern New Brunswick that correlate into the Siberian middle Botomian - Toyonian Stage interval. This very young age on the late, but not latest, Early Cambrian of Avalon is consistent both with a 519 ± 1 Ma age on the older Caerfai Bay Shales of south Wales that are tentatively correlated into strata with the oldest Avalonian trilobites (lower Branchian) and with a 517 ± 1.5 Ma age on the Antatlasia gutta-pluviae Zone (trilobites) of Morocco. Determination of a 522 ± 2 Ma zircon age on the Moroccan subtrilobitic Lower Cambrian Lie de vin Formation is consistent with an earlier reported 521 ± 7 Ma age from the Lie de vin but suggests that a 526 ± 4 Ma age on Australian trilobite-bearing Lower Cambrian rocks may be too old. A 33+ Ma duration of the Avalonian Early Cambrian and an 8+ Ma length of the Avalonian trilobite-bearing Lower Cambrian support proposals that most Cambrian time was Early Cambrian and the majority of the Early Cambrian was pretrilobitic.
Keywords: trilobites; upper Lower Cambrian; Volcanic zircons

No Evidence for Cycles in Wave-dominated Tribes Hill Formation (Lower Ordovician, East-central New York) - E. Landing (Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences, 1998)
Keywords: geology

Revisions in Stratigraphic Nomenclature of the Cambrian of Avalonian North America and Comparisons with Avalonian Britain - E. Landing; Westrop, S. R. (Avalon 1997-The Cambrian standard. Third International Field Conference of the Cambrian Chronostratigraphy Working Group and I.G.C.P. Project 366 (Ecological Aspects of the Cambrian radiation), 1998)
Keywords: geology paleontology

Silurian Cycles - Linkages of Dynamic Stratigraphy with Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Tectonic Changes - E. Landing; Johnson, M. E. (New York State Museum Bulletin, 1998)
Keywords: geology

Atrichum tenellum – New State Record in Maine - L. Leonardi (Evansia, 1998)

Steaming on the Mohawk: The Unknown Battle - P. Lord Jr. (Steamboat Bill: The Journal of the Steamship Historical Society of America, 1998)
Keywords: history

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2057.28.101, Rte 13, Village of Chittenango, Town of Sullivan, Madison County, New York. - M.S. LoRusso; J. S. Cardinal (1998)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3043.58.121, US 11 over Little Salmon River, Town of Mexico, Oswego County, New York. - M.S. LoRusso; M. Pickands (1998)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Data Recovery Report for the Betsy Prince and Prince-Miller Site, NY 25A Town of Brookhaven, Suffolk County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (1998)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 0006.881, Pre-Reconnaissance Survey of Route 22: I-684 to NY Route 55, Towns of Pawling, Patterson and Southeast, Dutchess and Putnam Counties - M.S. LoRusso (1998)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1753.87.121, Third Street and Third Avenue, City of Rensselaer, Rensselaer County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (1998)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3034.89.121, NY 5 and 20, Division Street and Clark Street, City of Auburn, Cayuga County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (1998)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 5111.66.101, Eighteen Mile Creek Bridge over Eighteen Mile Creek, HAER Level III Docuementation, Towns of Hamburg and Eden, Erie County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (1998)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Paleobiology of the Sand Beneath the Valders Diamicton at Valders, Wisconsin - Maher, L. J.,; N. G. Miller; Baker, R. G.; Curry, B. B.; Mickelson, D. M. (Quaternary Research, 1998)
Previously undescribed pollen, plant macrofossils, molluscs, and ostracodes were recovered from a 2.5-m-thick glaciolacustrine unit of silty sand and clay at Valders, Wisconsin. The interstadial sediment was deposited about 12,20014C yr B.P. after retreat of the Green Bay lobe that deposited diamicton of the Horicon Formation, and before advance of the Lake Michigan lobe that deposited the red-brown diamicton of the Valders Member of the Kewaunee Formation. Fluctuations of abundance ofCandona subtriangulata, Cytherissa lacustris,and three other species define four ostracode biozones in the lower 1.7 m, suggesting an open lake environment that oscillated in depth and proximity to glacial ice. Pollen is dominated by Picea and Artemisia,but the low percentages of many other types of long-distance origin suggest that the terrestrial vegetation was open and far from the forest border. The upper part of the sediment, a massive sand deposited in either a shallow pond or a sluggish stream, contains a local concentration of plant macrofossils. The interpretation of a cold open environment is supported by the plant macrofossils of more than 20 species, dominated by those of open mineral soils (Arenaria rubella, Cerastium alpinumtype,Silene acaulis, Sibbaldia procumbens, Dryas integrifolia, Vaccinium uliginosumvar.alpinum, Armeria maritima,etc.) that in North America occur largely in the tundra and open tundra–forest ecotone of northern Canada. Ice-wedge casts occur in the sand.
Keywords: glaciolacustrine deposit; molluscs; ostracodes; plant macrofossils; pollen; Valders; Wiscons

Ancient Earthen Enclosures of the Eastern Woodlands - R. C. Mainfort Jr.; Sullivan, L. P. (Florida Museum of Natural History, Ripley P. Bullen Series, 1998)
Keywords: anthropology

Explaining Earthen Enclosures - R. C. Mainfort Jr.; Sullivan, L. P. (Ancient Earthen Enclosures of the Eastern Woodlands, 1998)
Keywords: anthropology

Explaining Earthen Enclosures - R. C. Mainfort Jr.; Sullivan, L. P. (Ancient Earthen Enclosures of the Eastern Woodlands, 1998)
Keywords: anthropology

The Larva of Hypena manalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Hypeninae) - T. L. McCabe; Vargas, V. (Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 1998)
The larval food plant of Hypena manalis (Walker) proves to be bog hemp, Boehmeria cylindrica (L.). Partly grown larvae rejected stinging nettle, Urtica dioica (L.). The mature larva of H. manalis is described and illustrated. It is compared to larvae of H. bijugalis, H. baltimoralis, H. madefactalis, and H. humuli.
Keywords: Boehmeria cylindrica (L.); Hypena manalis (Walker); larva; larval food plants

More on Pyrola minor (Pyrolaceae - N. G. Miller (NYFA (New York Flora Association) Newsletter, 1998)
Keywords: biology

Occurrence of the Leafy Liverwort, Frullania bolanderi, in Old-growth Forests of Northeastern North America - N. G. Miller; Miller, A. D. (Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society, 1998)
Populations of Frullania bolanderi were discovered on trunks of deciduous treesin an oak-northern hardwoods transitional forest in eastern New York State and a coastal spruce-balsam fir forest in northeastern Maine where this epiphyte, a rarity in eastern North America, was previously unknown. The New York station is in a selectively cut, old-growth remnant that survived from the onset of Euro-American settlement (late 1700s) surrounded by agricultural land for many of the ensuing years. Secondary forest developed later around the remnant as farming declined, beginning early in the 20th century. The forest in which F. bolanderi occurs in Maine was never cleared for agriculture, but conifers were harvested from it at least twice in the 20th century. These new data suggest that forest removal during settlement may explain the rarity of this plant in at least parts of the northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. It is a potential indicator species of old-growth forest in this region. Study of herbarium specimens establishes that F. bolanderi does not occur in Ohio as previously reported. New stations for it are cited for southern Quebec in the old-growth northern hardwoods forest of the Mont Saint Hilaire Biosphere Reserve near Montreal.
Keywords: Frullania bolanderi; liverwort; Maine; New York; old-growth forests

A Preliminary Catalog of Sterling Forest Plants, Fifth Report - R. S. Mitchell; Barbour, J. G.; Focht, J. (1998)
Keywords: biology

The Potential for Using Biological Control Technologies in the Management of Dreissena spp. - D. P. Molloy (Journal of Shellfish Research, 1998)
Broadly defined, biological control is the use of one species for the suppression of another. Two groups of organisms have potential as Dreissena control agents: selectively toxic microbes and natural enemies. Selectively toxic microbes are naturally occurring soil and water microorganisms that simply by chance happen to be toxic to Dreissena. Applied at artificially high densities to water, the microbial cells per se or their released metabolites are selectively lethal to Dreissena. In contrast, natural enemies are organisms that, by their evolutionary nature, will debilitate or kill Dreissena, including predators, parasites (both multicellular and microbial), and benthic competitors (organisms capable of competitively displacing Dreissena from substrates). Selectively Toxic Microbes: In the short run, these microorganisms represent the most promising candidates as biological control agents, The use of highly-specific, toxic microbes has a clear record of commercial success and environmental safety in the control of invertebrate pests in North America. and strains lethal to Dreissena have been already isolated. Considering how quickly a selectively toxic microbe could move from the laboratory to commercialization, continued research to develop this microbial control strategy is a high priority. Natural Enemies; In North America, as in Eurasia, there will likely be isolated field reports of major impacts by natural enemies, and, on the whole, we will likely see a cumulative effect of a complex of enemies having a constant, but limited, role in naturally suppressing Dreissena populations. In the majority of cases, Dreissena populations will cause economic and ecological effects at densities well below those that their enemies could naturally maintain. This does not mean, however. that certain natural enemies could not be artificially manipulated (e.g., mass produced and released in an inundative fashion) to cause major Dreissena reductions. 1. Parasites: These natural enemies would likely be the most environmentally-safe biocontrol agents, due primarily to their high host specificity. Comprehensive investigations to identify parasites that are strictly specific to Dreissena and that can be economically mass produced are a key research priority. Parasites from Dreissena’s native Eurasian range should be studied to identify species that would be “nearly risk free” candidates for importation into North America. Research to uncover parasites of Dreissena that are already present in North America should be intensified. 2. Predators: Although organisms, such as fish and birds, have sometimes been documented to consume Dreissena at high rates, this does not necessarily mean that they would be effective candidates for use in control programs. Predators are typically not specific enough in their prey choices. A predator introduced to a waterbody from outside its natural range may highly prefer Dreissena as a prey item, but will also consume other aquatic organisms. The consumption of such nontarget prey could potentially have serious, adverse, ecological impacts. 3. Benthic Competitors; In addition to being micro/macrofouling organisms themselves, the lack of specificity of species that can competitively displace Dreissena from substrates (e.g., sponges) significantly reduces their potential as biocontrol agents.
Keywords: benthic competitors; natural enemies; Parasites; predators; quagga mussels; selectively toxic microorganisms; Zebra mussels

Fortified Village or Mortuary Site? Exploring the Use of the Ripley Site - Neusius, S. W.; Sullivan, L. P.; Neusius, P. D.; Milner, C. M. (Ancient Earthen Enclosures of the Eastern Woodlands, 1998)
Keywords: anthropology

Unusual Polar Filament Structure in Two Microsporidia from Water Reservoirs with Radionuclide and Organic Pollution - M. A. Ovcharenko; D. P. Molloy; Wita, I. (Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Biology, 1998)
Two species of microsporidia with the unusual polar filament structure were found in Cricotopus silvestris and Microtendipes pedellus larvae which were collected near the zone of influence of the Chernobyl atomic power station (Ukraine) and from a high polluted pond in the Mazurian region of Poland. The first microsporidium had separate unikaryotic spores and was assigned to the family Unikaryonidae Sprague. The diameter of the middle coil of the triple-coiled polar filament of this microsporidium was larger than its two other coils. The observed polar filament was thus neither of isofilar nor of the classical anisofilar type. The second polysporoblastic microsporidium has unikaryotic spores and an uncoiled polar filament and was placed in the family Thelohaniidae Hazard and Oldacre. The rare single macrospores of this microsporidium have a double set of the polar filament complex. The relationship between ultrastructural features of microsporidian spores and water pollution is discussed.
Keywords: biology

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2134.39.121, NY 5 from High Street to Harp Road, Town of Lenox, Madison County, New York - M. Pickands (1998)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1056.17.101/BIN 1-00487-0 - M. Pickands (1998)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2134.14.121, NY 5 over Canaseraga Creek, Village of Sullivan, Town of Sullivan, Madison County, New York. - M. Pickands (1998)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3015.32.101, NY 3 over Little Sandy Creek, Town of Sandy Creek, Oswego County, New York - M. Pickands; M.S. LoRusso (1998)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey for PIN 1124.30.121, Site Examination Report for the Catskill I, and Catskill II Sites, Route 23A, Town of Catskill, Greene County, New York. - C. B. Rieth; M.S. LoRusso; A. Gore (1998)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey for PIN 1753.50.121, Middleline Road from Route 50 to Route 67, Town of Ballston, Saratoga County, New York. - C. B. Rieth; M.S. LoRusso (1998)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1090.12.122, Route 443 over the Onesquathaw Creek, Town of New Scotland, Albany County, New York - C. B. Rieth (1998)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1236.14.101, Route 29 from Jockey Street, East Galway to Middle Line Road, North Milton, Towns of Milton and Galway, Saratoga County, New York - C. B. Rieth (1998)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Site Examination Report for PIN 1753.50.121, The Jennings Site, Middleline Road, Town of Ballston, Saratoga County, New York. - C. B. Rieth (1998)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3047.24.121, Route 96 from Route 5 and 20 to Huff Street, Village of Waterloo, Seneca County, New York - C. B. Rieth; Bliven, R. (1998)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey for PIN 3752.33.101, Black Creek Bridge/Erie Canal, Town of Clay, Onondaga County, New York. - V. A. Schmitt; N. L. Davis; M.S. LoRusso (1998)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

New Chromosome Number Determinations in Platanthera - C. J. Sheviak; Bracht, M. (North American Native Orchid Journal, 1998)
Keywords: biology

Cultural Resources Data Recovery Plan for the Weaver-Demarest Site, PIN 1089.51.101, NY 4 and 32, Village of Waterford, Town of Waterford, Saratoga County, New York - J. Sopko (1998)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for NY 34 at Turnpike Road, Town of Sennett, Cayuga County, New York - J. Sopko; N. L. Davis; M.S. LoRusso (1998)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1089.51.101, NY 4 and 32, Village of Waterford, Saratoga County, New York - J. Sopko (1998)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3314.32.121, NY 34 @ Turnpike Road Intersection, Town of Sennett, Cayuga County, New York - J. Sopko; N. L. Davis; M.S. LoRusso (1998)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Chemung County Motorcycles: The "Reliance" in Elmira Heights - G. Stein (The Chemung Historical Journal, 1998)
Keywords: history

Chemung County Motorcycles: The "Reliance" in Elmira Heights Part 2 - G. Stein (The Chemung Historical Journal, 1998)
Keywords: history

Motorcycle Production at the Pierce Cycle Company, 1909-1914 - G. Stein (The Arrow, 1998)
Keywords: history

The Street Site (One 44-2) - Wellman, B. (Archaeological Investigations in the Upper Susquehanna Valley, New York State, Volume 2, 1998)
Keywords: anthropology

Rare Earth Element Metasomatism in Hydrothermal Systems; the Willsboro-Lewis Wollastonite Ores, New York, USA - P. R. Whitney; J. F. Olmsted (Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1998)
Wollastonite ores and garnet-pyroxene skarns in the Willsboro-Lewis district, New York, USA were formed in a complex hydrothermal system associated with the emplacement of a large anorthosite pluton. Contact-metamorphic marbles were replaced by wollastonite, garnet, and clinopyroxene during infiltration metasomatism involving large volumes of water of chiefly meteoric origin. Rare earth elements (REE) in these rocks show large departures from the protolith REE distribution, indicative of substantial REE mobility. Three types of chondrite-normalized REE distribution patterns are present. The most common, found in ores and skarns containing andradite-rich garnet, is convex-up in the light REE (LREE) with a maximum at Pr and a positive Eu anomaly. Europium anomalies and Pr/Yb ratios are correlated with XAd in garnet. This pattern (type C) results from uptake of REE from hydrothermal fluids by growing crystals of calcsilicate minerals, principally andradite, with amounts of LREE controlled by the difference in ionic radius between Ca++ and REE3+ in garnet X sites. The Eu anomaly results either from prior interaction of the fluids with plagioclase-rich, Eu-positive anorthositic rocks in and near the ore zone, or by enrichment of divalent Eu on growth surfaces of garnet followed by entrapment, or both. Relative enrichment in heavy REE (type H) occurs in ores and skarn where calcsilicates, including grossularitic garnet, in contact-metamorphic marble have been concentrated by dissolution of calcite. In most cases a negative Eu anomaly is inherited from the marble protolith. Skarns containing titanite and apatite exhibit high total REE, relative light REE enrichment, and negative Eu anomalies (type L). These appear to be intrusive igneous rocks (ferrodiorites or anorthositic gabbros) that have been converted to skarn by Ca metasomatism. REE, sequestered in titanite, apatite, and garnet, preserve the approximate REE distribution pattern of the igneous protolith. Post-ore granulite facies metamorphism homogenized zoned mineral grains without causing complete intergranular reequilibration and does not appear to have significantly affected the whole-rock REE distributions. These results demonstrate that extensive REE metasomatism can occur in hydrothermal systems at shallow to intermediate depths and that REE geochemistry may be useful in discerning the origin of skarns and skarn-related ore deposits.
Keywords: garnet-pyroxene skarns; New York; rare earth elements; Willsboro-Lewis district; wollastonite ores

New Species and Records of Lachnum from Taiwan - Wu, M.-L.; J. H. Haines; Wang, Y.-Z. (Mycotaxon, 1998)
Keywords: biology

The Genera of Anthemideae (Compositae: Asteraceae) in the Southeastern United States - Arriagada, J. E.; N. G. Miller (Harvard Papers in Botany, 1997)
Keywords: biology

New Light on the Old Frontier - Bielinski, S. (Reviews in American History, 1997)
Keywords: history

New Red Species of Lachnum From the Tropics - Cantrell , S. A.; J. H. Haines (Mycological Research 101, 1997)
Two new tropical species of Lachnum with red or reddish hymenia are described. Lachnum euterpes occurs on fronds of the palm Prestoea (= Euterpe) and L. victoriani is described from coriaceous leaves of dicotyledonous trees. A full description of each new species is given along with a brief discussion of the morphological differences distinguishing it from other species with which it could be confused. New combinations in Lachnum are made for the tropical fern-inhabiting species Dasyscyphus ulei and D. chermisinus.
Keywords: biology

Analysis of vibrocores recovered south of Rockaway Beach, Queens County, New York - clues to modern sediment dynamics and Holocene stratigraphic development, New York State Geological Survey Open File Report 8d185 - Coch, N. K.; W. M. Kelly; Albanese, J. R. (1997)
Keywords: geology

Sedimentological analysis of vibrocores from the near-shore shelf south of Rockaway Beach, Queens County, New York, New York State Geological Survey Open File Report 8d184 - Coch, N. K.; W. M. Kelly; Albanese, J. R. (1997)
Keywords: geology

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1306.55.121, NY 7 Intersections: NY 7 at Ford Road and NY 7 at CR 115, Town of Pittstown, Rensselaer County, New York. - N. L. Davis; M.S. LoRusso; A. Gore; J. F. Pasquini (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1752.96.122, CR 39, Village of Roundtop, Town of Cairo, Greene County, New York. - N. L. Davis; M.S. LoRusso (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3043.56.121, NY11/Hunts Creek, Village of Marathon, Cortland County, New York. - N. L. Davis; M.S. LoRusso; A. Gore (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1007.13.101, NY 144 over Coeymans Creek, Town of Coeymans, Albany County, New York--Addendum - N. L. Davis; M.S. LoRusso (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1752.96.122, The Miller Site, CR 39 and 24 from CR 31 to CR 23B, Village of Round Top to the Village of Cairo, Town of Cairo, Greene County, New York. - N. L. Davis (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1752.96.122, CR 39 and 24 from CR 31 to CR 23B, Village of Round Top to the Village of Cairo, Town of Cairo, Greene County, New York. - N. L. Davis; M.S. LoRusso (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1753.09.121, Everett Road (CR 155), Exchange Street to Albany-Shaker Road, Town of Colonie, Albany County, New York. - N. L. Davis; M.S. LoRusso; A. Gore (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3043.56.121, NY 11/Hunts Creek, Village of Marathon, Town of Marathon, Cortland County, New York. - N. L. Davis; M.S. LoRusso; A. Gore (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 7016.49.101, NY 12 North Copenhagen Village Line to Harrisburg Town Line, Village of Copenhagen, Town of Denmark, Lewis County, New York. - N. L. Davis; Warren, J.; A. Gore (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 8126.76.101, Taconic Parkway/Miller Hill Road, Town of East Fishkill, Dutchess County, New York - N. L. Davis; A. Gore (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 8130.75.101, Whipporwill Road Realignment, Town of North Castle, Westchester County, New York--Addendum - N. L. Davis (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey for 9086.00.102, Route 443 Retaining Wall along Fox Creek, Town of Wright, Schoharie County, New York--Addendum - R. Dean; M.S. LoRusso (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1753.20.121, CR 67/Catskill Creek and CR 23B, Hamlet of South Cairo, Town of Cairo, Greene County, New York. - R. Dean (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1753.62.121, Route 91, Riverview Road and Grooms Road, Town of Clifton Park, Saratoga County, New York. - R. Dean (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1721.46.121, Ushers Road/I-87, D&H RR, Town of Clifton Park, Saratoga County, New York. - R. Dean (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3015.36.101, Route 3 Bridges over the Salmon River, Town of Richland, Oswego County, New York - R. Dean (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3082.14.121, Route 290, Manlius Center, Town of Manlius, Onondaga County, New York - R. Dean (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3111.17.121, Route 20, Village of Skaneateles, Onondaga County, New York - R. Dean (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report of NYSM 10095 and 10096, NYS Route 12, Town of Paris, Oneida County, New York. - R. Dean (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Survey of Route 443, Retaining Wall, Town of Wright, Schoharie County, New York - R. Dean; M.S. LoRusso (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Mobilization of Ammonia and Phosphorus by Zebra Mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) in the Seneca River, New York - Effler, S.W.; Boone, S.R.; C. A. Siegfried; Walrath, L.; Ashby, S.L. (Zebra Mussels and Aquatic Nuisance Species, 1997)
Keywords: biology

Upper Lower Cambrian Depositional Sequence in Avalonian New Brunswick; Discussion and Reply - Fyffe, L. R.; E. Landing (Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 1997)
Keywords: geology

Pits and Pitfalls: An Analysis of Pit Features and Site Function at the Ripley Site - Green, W. G.; Sullivan, L. P. (Northeast Anthropology, 1997)
Keywords: anthropology

Seismic reflection profiles and the nature of sand ridges on the continental shelf south of Fire Island, Suffolk County, New York, New York State Geological Survey Open File Report 4d307 - Harsch, A. A.; W. M. Kelly; Albanese, J. R. (1997)
Keywords: geology

Additional Evidence for Early Cucurbit Use in the Northern Eastern Woodlands East of the Allegheny Front - J. P. Hart; Asch Sidell, N. (American Antiquity, 1997)
Two accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dates, 5404 ± 552 B.P. (AA-19129) and 2625 ± 45 B.P. (AA-19128), confirm the presence of mid-Holocene and early late Holocene cucurbit (Cucurbita pepo), respectively, at the Memorial Park site (36CN164) in north-central Pennsylvania. This is the second documented occurrence of mid-Holocene cucurbit and the first documented occurrence of domesticated early late Holocene cucurbit in the northern Eastern Woodlands east of the Allegheny Front. These occurrences help to establish the use of cucurbits in the Northeast on a timescale equivalent to that in the riverine interior, with the exception of the very earliest riverine interior dates. The Northeast has contributed little toward our understanding of prehistoric agricultural evolution in the Eastern Woodlands. The Memorial Park cucurbits and the mid-Holocene cucurbit recently reported at the Sharrow site in Maine indicate that greater efforts are needed to document pre-maize agricultural behavior in this area to increase our knowledge of the full range of pre-maize agricultural behavior in the Eastern Woodlands.
Keywords: Cucurbita pepo; cucurbits; mid-Holocene; Native American agriculture

Catalog of the New York Minerals of the New York State Museum - 1997 supplement: New York State Geological Survey Open File Report - W. M. Kelly; M. Hawkins (1997)
Keywords: geology

Chemical analysis of heavy minerals from the continental shelf south of Long Island, New York, New York State Geological Survey Open File Report 8d183 - W. M. Kelly; Albanese, J. R.; Grosz, A. E. (1997)
Keywords: geology

Guide to the Geology of John Boyd Thatcher Park (Indian Ladder Region) and Vicinity. - E. Landing; J. B. Skiba (New York State Museum Handbook, 1997)
Keywords: geology paleontology

Reply: U-Pb date from Avalonian Cape Breton Island and Geochronologic Calibration of the Early Ordovician - E. Landing (Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 1997)
Keywords: geology

Reply: Upper Lower Cambrian Depositional Sequence in Avalonian New Brunswick - E. Landing (Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 1997)
Keywords: geology

U-Pb Zircon Date from Avalonian Cape Breton Island and Geochronologic Calibration of the Early Ordovician - E. Landing; Bowring, S. A.; Fortey, R. A.; Davidek, K. L. (Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 1997)
A U–Pb zircon date of 483 ± 1 Ma is recorded from an uppermost Tremadoc K-bentonite from the Chesley Drive Group on McLeod Brook, eastern Cape Breton Island. The associated fauna, with the trilobite Peltocare rotundifrons, is also known from the Reversing Falls section in Saint John, New Brunswick, and the traditional reference of the latter section to the Arenig is incorrect. A 483 ± 1 Ma age is significantly older than a U – Pb zircon age reported from the classical base of the Arenig Series in north Wales and about 10 Ma older than strata regarded herein as upper Arenig in central Newfoundland. If the global standard for the base of the Arenig is defined at the Tetragraptus approximatus Zone base, then the base of the type Arenig in Wales is younger than the latter horizon. The McLeod Brook occurrence is from an uppermost Tremadoc (Hunnebergian Stage) interval that has been removed below the unconformity in north Wales. The age of the Tremadoc –Arenig series boundary remains uncertain; however, a tentative estimate that it is significantly younger than 483 Ma is suggested by fossil evidence.
Keywords: geology

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey for PIN 1053.05.221, NY 418/Schroon River, Hamlet and Town of Warrensburg, Warren County, New York. - M.S. LoRusso (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey for PIN 2802.71.122, NY 5, 5A, and 5B, Woods Highway and Middle Settlement Road, Town of New Hartford, Oneida County, New York - M.S. LoRusso; J. Sopko (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2009.13.121, NYS Route 167, City of Little Falls, Herkimer County, New York. - M.S. LoRusso (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2018.74.101, Route 28 from Old Forge to Eagle Bay, Town of Webb, Herkimer County, New York. - M.S. LoRusso; M. Pickands (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2018.85.121, NY 28, Countryman to Middleville, Town of Herkimer, Herkimer County, New York. - M.S. LoRusso (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2752.78.121, BIN 3-31119-0, Scholtz Road over Sconondoa Creek, Town of Vernon, Herkimer County, New York - M.S. LoRusso; M. Pickands (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3752.38.121, Pedestrian Walkway Construction, City of Oswego, Oswego County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Books for Beginners in Bryology - N. G. Miller; Buck, W. R. (Evansia, 1997)
Keywords: biology

Cyrtomnium hymenophylloides (Bryophyta, Mniaceae) in North America and Greenland: Male Plants, Sex-differential Geographic Distribution, and Reproductive Characteristics - N. G. Miller; Mogensen, G. S. (Bryologist, 1997)
Male plants of Cyrtomnium hymenophylloides are described in detail for the first time. They difer from female plants only in gametangial features, particularly in having a splashcup perigonium similar to that of male plants in most dioicous species of Mniaceae. The isomorphic paraphyses of male and female plants are unique within the Mniaceae. Male plants producing perigonia were found in nine herbarium specimens from parts of northeastern Alaska and arctic Canada that may have served as refugia during the Wisconsinan (Pleistocene) ice-sheet maximum. Female plants are much more common, occurring in arctic Alaska and Canada, Greenland, and southward in the Canadian Rocky Mountains, and in parts of eastern Canada to the Catskill Mountains of New York. No sporophytes have been found in North America and Greenland, and outside this area only one sporophyte is known. Stems of this moss are shown to fragment into leafy pieces of variable size, and the subsequent dispersal of these, and the initiation of new growth from axillary and apical buds, appear to be the principal means of reproduction. We assume that wind is the major dispersal agent in the Arctic, but water and gravity may play a role in local dispersal in forested regions of the northeastern United States where the species displays a relictual distribution.
Keywords: biology

Fossil Mosses in Holocene Alluvium: A Case study from New York State and Prospects - N. G. Miller (Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory, 1997)
Keywords: biology paleontology

Nomenclatural Status of the Moss Grevilleanum serratum, With Notes on the Early 18th Century American scientists, L. C. Beck and E. Emmons, Senior - N. G. Miller; McKinley, D. (Bryologist, 1997)
From various lines of evidence, including handwriting, contemporary correspondence, and study of herbarium specimens, the holotype of Grevilleanum serratum, the name of a moss that dates from 1826, is shown to be a specimen in the Bryophyte Herbarium of the New York State Museum. The holotype of G. serratum is identical taxonomically to Timmia megapolitana Hedwig (1801), making the former name a taxonomic synonym of the latter. The bryological contributions of the authors of G. serratum, L. C. Beck and E. Emmons, are discussed. Beck's bryophyte herbarium, mentioned as the foundation of an evidently completed but unpublished early moss flora of the United States, has been located largely intact but unrecognized as such in the collections of the New York State Museum. Ebenezer Emmons, remembered today mainly for his significant contributions to stratigraphic geology, had only a passing interest in mosses; Lewis Beck, in contrast, worked extensively on mosses between about 1825 and the 1830s, although the results of his studies were largely unpublished.
Keywords: biology

A Rare Moss, Aulacomnium turgidum, Rediscovered in the Adirondacks - N. G. Miller (NYFA (New York Flora Association) Newsletter, 1997)
Keywords: biology

Review of: H.-D. Behnke et al. Progress in Botany/Fortschritte der Botanik - N. G. Miller (Systematic Botany, 1997)
Keywords: biology

Revised Checklist of New York State Plants - R. S. Mitchell; Tucker, G. C. (New York State Museum Bulletin, 1997)
Keywords: biology

Natural Enemies of Zebra Mussels: Predators, Parasites, and Ecological Competitors - D. P. Molloy; Karatayev, A. Y.; Burlakova, L. E.; Kurandina, D. P.; Laruelle, F. (Reviews in Fisheries Science, 1997)
This paper reviews the international literature on the natural enemies of Dreissena spp. and discusses the biology and ecology of organisms known to be involved in their predation (176 species), parasitism (34 species), and competitive exclusion (10 species). Research on natural enemies, both in Europe and North America, has focused on predators, particularly birds (36 species) and fish (15 and 38 species eating veligers and attached mussels, respectively). Other field‐documented predation includes consumption of pelagic larvae by copepods and coelenterates, and consumption of attached mussels by leeches, crabs, crayfish, and rodents. Cannibalism of veligers by adult zebra mussels has also been reported. Ciliates and trematodes are the most commonly reported obligate parasites, with occasional records of suspected bacterial or ascetosporan infection. Mites, nematodes, leeches, chironomids, and oligochaetes have been observed to be associated symbiotically within the mantle cavity, but with few to no adverse effects. Organisms capable of competitively displacing zebra mussels from hard substrates include sponges, amphipods, algae, bryozoans, hydrozoan coelenterates, and other bivalve species (including interspecific competition among Dreissena spp.). Although the vast majority of the organisms that are natural enemies in Europe are not present in North America, ecologically similar species do exist on this continent, and zebra mussels represent a novel and abundant organism for these native predators, parasites, and ecological competitors — the new natural enemies of Dreissena. However, the idea that these organisms could eliminate zebra mussel populations, even in limited areas of North America, is far more hopeful than realistic. As in Europe, there will likely be isolated reports of major impacts by natural enemies, and on the whole we will likely see a cumulative effect of a suite of enemies having a constant, but limited, role in suppressing zebra mussel populations.
Keywords: Birds; ciliates; Dreissena; Fish; sponges; trematodes

New York State Geological Survey's Oil & Gas Database - R. E. Nyahay (Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences, 1997)
Keywords: geology

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2752.73.121, West End Road over W. Canada Creek, Hamlet of Kast Bridge, Town of Herkimer, Herkimer County, New York. - M. Pickands; M.S. LoRusso (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2018.71.121, NY 28 at Adirondack Scenic Railroad, Hamlet of Thendara, Town of Webb, Herkimer County, New York - M. Pickands (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2230.05.122, Route 22E over Route 49, Town of Marcy, Oneida County, New York - M. Pickands (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2752.73.122, West End Road over W. Canada Creek, Hamlet of Kast Bridge, Town of Herkimer, Herkimer County, New York - M. Pickands; M.S. LoRusso (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2752.78.121, Scholtz Road over Scondoa Creek, Town of Vernon, Oneida County, New York. - M. Pickands; M.S. LoRusso (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 8495.10.101, Route 207 from Mount Airy Road to Temple Hill Road, Town of New Windsor, Orange County, New York - M. Pickands; M.S. LoRusso (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey for PIN 1753.50.121, Middleline Road from Route 50 to Route 67, Town of Ballston, Saratoga County, New York. - C. B. Rieth; M.S. LoRusso (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1090.12.122, The Van Wie Site, Route 443 over Onesquethaw Creek, Town of New Scotland, Albany County, New York - C. B. Rieth (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1336.03.121, Route 296 from NYS Route 23 to County Route 14 (Goshen Street), Town of Windham, Greene County, New York. (Vols I and II) - C. B. Rieth; M.S. LoRusso (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 2166.17.121, State Rte 80 over Otsquago Creek, Town of Minden, Montgomery County, New York. - C. B. Rieth (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for CORPs-OGS-DOCS , Wells/Water Supply System, Green Haven Correctional Facility, Town of Beekman, Dutchess County, New York - C. B. Rieth; M.S. LoRusso (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 8490.02.101, Route 311: Cross Road to Route 22, Town of Patterson, Putnam County, New York - C. B. Rieth; M.S. LoRusso (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 8754.89.121, CR 120 between Route 9 and Route 9H, Village of Stottsville, Towns of Stockport and Ghent, Columbia County, New York - C. B. Rieth (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Orchid - C. J. Sheviak (Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, eighth ed, 1997)
Keywords: biology

Platanthera purpurascens - C. J. Sheviak; Jennings, W. F. (North American Native Orchid Journal, 1997)
Keywords: biology

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1111.30.101, US 20 over the Valatie Kill, Village of Nassau, Towns of Schodack and Nassau, Rensselaer County, New York. - J. Sopko; J. F. Pasquini; M.S. LoRusso (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 8040.85.322, NY 9 and Interstate 84 Interchange Monitoring, Town of Fishkill, Dutchess County, New York--Addendum - J. Sopko (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 8130.64.102, NY 22: I-84 to Putnam Lake Road, Town of Southeast, Putnam, New York - J. Sopko (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 8022.24.101, Route NY 100: From Virginia Road to Westchester Community College, Towns of Greensburgh and Mt. Pleasant, Westchester County, New York--Addendum - J. Sopko; M.S. LoRusso (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report for PIN 8130.64.102, NY 22, Town of Southest, Putnam County, New York, O'Connell Site (MYSM-10493) - J. Sopko (1997)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Nonassociation of Paleoindians with AMS-Dated Late Pleistocene Mammals from the Dutchess Quarry Caves, New York - D. W. Steadman; T. W. Stafford Jr.; Funk, R. E. (Quaternary Research, 1997)
AMS14C ages of 10 bones of the caribou (Rangifer tarandus), flat-headed peccary (Platygonus compressus), and giant beaver (Castoroides ohioensis) from the Dutchess Quarry Caves, New York, range from 13,840 ± 80 to 11,670 ± 70 yr B.P. No bones from any of these species are demonstrably associated with Paleoindian artifacts (fluted points) or other cultural materials from the sites because the bones lack unequivocal stratigraphic association with artifacts, as well as physical (taphonomic) evidence for human association (e.g., burning, cut marks, distinctive breakage). Together with the Holocene conventional14C dates of charcoal and the varied stratigraphic proveniences of the fluted points and the dated bones, the new AMS14C dates argue that most strata at the Dutchess Quarry Caves contain a mixture of late Pleistocene and Holocene materials. This mixing probably resulted from post-depositional bioturbation (by humans, rodents, carnivores, and scavengers) and cryoturbation (annual freeze–thaw cycles). Rather than being of cultural origin, the bones of caribou, flat-headed peccary, and giant beaver likely were deposited in the Dutchess Quarry Caves by nonhuman predators or scavengers, such as ursids, canids, felids, condors, or eagles.
Keywords: AMS dating; caribou; Castoroides ohioensis; Dutchess Quarry Caves; flat-headed peccary; giant beaver; New York; Platygonus compressus; Rangifer tarandus

Vine Valley Revisited - L. M. Anderson (A Golden Chronograph for Robert E. Funk, 1996)
Keywords: anthropology

The Jacksons, Lattimores and Schuylers: First African-American Families of Early Albany - Bielinski, S. (New York History, 1996)
Keywords: history

Use of Sieves for the Rapid Size Selection of Dreissena polymorpha Samples - Biss, J. B., III; Laruelle, F. H.; D. P. Molloy (Journal of Shellfish Research, 1996)
We describe a method that uses sieves of uniform pore size for rapidlysize sorting large populations of Dreissella polymorpha (zebra mussels) or collecting large numbers within a selected size range. This method may be a valuable tool applicable to a wide range of zebra mussel research projects and possibly also useful in size sorting other bivalve species. Sieves are used in pairs and are repeatedly moved vertically in and out of a water column, with mussels passing lengthwise down through the pores. The upper and lower limits of the size range of mussels collected between the sieves are determined by the pore sizes of the upper and lower sieves, respectively. Sieve pairs with pore sizes of 6.30 and 5.60 mm, 5.60 and 4.75 mm, and 4.75 and 4.00 mm, for example, yielded mussels in size classes of 13.8-10.3, 12.6-8.5, and 10.6-7.0 mm in length, respectively. Sieving in the field eliminated the need to transport mussel-laden rocks and other substrates to the laboratory, reduced the effort required to properly dispose of musselcontaminated materials, and proved even simpler to perform than in the laboratory. One of the challenges in using this sieving procedure is determining the exact sieve sizes that will retain mussels only within a particular length range. For example, because large numbers of zebra mussels 6-11 mm in length are used in our laboratory's research program, trials were conducted to compare the effectiveness of sieving and hand picking to obtain mussels solely within this size class. With sieves of 5.6 and 2.8 mm pore sizes, the mean yield of mussels was over three times faster by sieving than hand picking (10.2 versus 3.0 mussels/min), but 7.1% of the mussels collected were outside the desired length range of 6-11 mm. In judging the usefulness of this sieving procedure, an error factor such as this is unavoidable and must be weighed in individual research projects against the significant increase in mussel yield.
Keywords: Sieves; size selection; Zebra mussels

Final Report, Seismic Risk Assessment of Rensselaer County, NY Fiscal Year 1996, New York State Geological Survey Open File - D. H. Cadwell; Nottis, G. N.; Gerhard, D. (1996)
Keywords: geology

Guide to the Identification of Scales of Fishes of Northeastern North America - R. A. Daniels (New York State Museum Bulletin, 1996)
Keywords: biology

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2056.61.121, Route 365 and Route 8 Intersection, Town of Ohio, Herkimer County, New York--Addendum - N. L. Davis (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1188.19.101, Route 67 Valley Falls to Eagle Bridge, Towns of Pittstown and Hoosick, Rensselaer County, New York - N. L. Davis (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1188.21.122, NYS Route 67/I-87/Route 9, Town of Malta, Saratoga County, New York--Addendum - R. Dean (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3015.26.121, Route 3, Bridges over Salmon River, Town of Richland, Oswego County, New York. - R. Dean; M.S. LoRusso (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for Route 67, Interstate 87, and U.S. Route 9, Town of Malta, Saratoga County, New York - R. Dean (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report of PIN 2065.25.101, Route 12B, Town of New Hartford, Oneida County, New York. - R. Dean (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Impact of Zebra Mussel Invasion on River Water Quality - Effler, S. W.; Brooks, C. M.; Whitehead, K.; C. A. Siegfried; Walrath, L.; Canale, R. P. (Water Environment Research, 1996)
The biology of the zebra mussel is reviewed as it relates to water-quality problems in rivers. A relationship between population densities of the zebra mussel and their respiration demands for oxygen is developed, which can be used to support the analysis of the impact of zebra mussel infestation on the oxygen resources of streams and rivers. Dramatic changes in the water quality of the Seneca River, N.Y., a major tributary to Lake Ontario, have been brought about by zebra mussel infestation. These changes are documented from 3 years of monitoring data. The infestation converted the Seneca River from a turbid, phytoplankton-rich, nutrient-depleted system, with nearly saturated oxygen concentrations, to a river with high clarity, low-phytoplankton concentrations, enriched in dissolved nutrients, with greatly undersaturated oxygen concentrations. The degradation of oxygen resources was severe enough to cause violations of New York State standards for daily minimum and daily average concentrations for a number of days in the late summer of 1993. The associated loss in the waste assimilative capacity of the river is confounding waste discharge management and planning efforts in the river basin. This form of degradation is expected for other systems as the zebra mussel infestation spreads. The impact is expected to be greatest in rivers and streams with high concentrations of phytoplankton, large areas of rock substrate, and limited reaeration capacity.
Keywords: assimilative capacity; dissolved oxygen; water quality; Zebra mussels

Association of American State Geologists Earth Science Education Source Book - R. H. Fakundiny; Suneson, N. H. (1996)
Keywords: geology

18th- and Early 19th-Century Brickmaking at the John Jay Homestead: The Process, Products, and Craftsmen - Feister, L. M.; J. Sopko (Northeast Historical Archaeology, 1996)
On-site brick kilns were established routinely for construction projects at non-urban sites in the 18th and early 19th centuries. Archaeological excavations at the brick lot at the John Jay Homestead State Historic Site revealed features relating to the manufacture of a brick. Documentary and scientific research revealed information about the brickmakers and established a baseline for the identification of brick sources from three different areas of New York State. Comparisons between brickmakers at the Jay and Schuyler houses and between brickmakers and other craftsmen are discussed here.
Keywords: 18th and early 19th centuries; archaeological excavations; brick kilns; John Jay Homestead State Historic Site

Current Research and Future Directions in Archaeology at the Bureau of Historic Sites - C. L. Fisher; P. R. Huey (Journal of Middle Atlantic Archaeology, 1996)
The future is embedded in the past. Through examination of the development and current practices of the archaeology program at the Bureau of Historic Sites future directions may be anticipated. There are many examples of continuities and contrasts in research, interpretation, and management.
Keywords: anthropology

Mushrooms to Cultivate the Minds and Morals: The Works of Mary Banning - J. H. Haines (McIlvainea, 1996)
Keywords: biology

Wampum - G. R. Hamell (Encyclopedia of North American Indians: Native American History, Culture, and Life from Paleo-Indians to the Present, 1996)
Keywords: anthropology

Historical Context Development, PIN5101.53.121, U.S. Route 219, Cattaraugus and Erie Counties, New York - J. P. Hart; Sullivan, L. P. (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Introduction to Prehistoric Contexts - J. P. Hart; Sullivan, L. P. (Historic Context Development for Prehistoric Sites, U.S. Route 219, Cattaraugus and Erie Counties, New York, 1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Prehistoric Agricultural Systems in the West Branch of the Susquehanna River Basin, A.D. 800 to A.D. 1350 - J. P. Hart; Asch Sidell, N. (Northeast Anthropology, 1996)
Early Late Prehistoric (A.D. 800 - 1350) agicultural systems in the Eastern Woodlands of North America are best documented in the riverine interior. Other areas in the north, particularly east of the Allegheny Front, are relatively poorly understood. Recent excavations at the Memorial Park site, located in the valley of the Allegheny Front in the West Branch of the Susquehanna River in Pennsylvania, produced information that adds to our understanding of early Late Prehistoric agricultural systems in the poorly understood region. The evidence indicates that agricultural systems at some sites included not only the maize, bean, squash triad, but also two varieties of domesticated chenopodium, sunflower, and cultivated little barley. Management systems included the use of stone hoes and large storage pits. The Memorial Park Site evidence indicates the importance of agricultural production prior to the appearance around A.D. 1350 of of shell-tempered pottery and large, planned villages in the West Branch Basin. Combined with information from contemporaneous West Branch sites, the Memoiral Park Site increases our knowledge of the mosaic of ealy Late Prehistoric agricultural systems in the Eastern Woodlands.
Keywords: bean; chenoposium; little barley; maize; Prehistoric agriculture; squash; sunflower; West Bransh of the Susquehanna River

Review of Native American Interactions: Multiscalar Analyses and Interpretations in the Eastern Woodlands, edited by Michael S. Nassaney and Kenneth E. Sassaman - J. P. Hart (Southeastern Archaeology, 1996)
Keywords: anthropology

Systematics and Chronology - J. P. Hart (Historic Context Development for Prehistoric Sites, U.S. Route 219, Cattaraugus and Erie Counties, New York, 1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Aerial View of New York, Pennsylvania, and Adjacent Areas-Side-Looking Airborne Radar (SLAR) Image. 28"x32"; 1:1,000,000, black and white aerial photo - Y. W. Isachsen (New York State Museum Map and Chart Series, 1996)
Keywords: geology

Catalog of the New York Minerals of the New York State Museum - 1996 supplement: New York State Geological Survey Open File Report 8m168 - W. M. Kelly; M. Hawkins (1996)
Keywords: geology

An Investigation of Harpellales (Trichomycetes) in New York State Blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) - Labeyrie, E. S.; D. P. Molloy; Lichtwardt, R. W. (Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 1996)
This research project investigates the distribution and prevalence of trichomycete fungi present in blackfly larvae and adults in the region of Cambridge, New York. In blackfly larvae, two genera of Harpellaceae,StachylinaandHarpella,were observed in midguts, and four genera of Legeriomycetaceae—Pennella, Genistellospora, Simuliomyces,andSmittium—in hindguts, with a total of seven species recorded. This is the first published report ofStachylinaspp. in blackflies. Field data indicated that sampling date, host species, and location were all important variables affecting trichomycete prevalence in larvae. We report the successful laboratory infection of blackfly larvae within vitroculturedSmittium simulii,and production ofH. melusinaeandG. homothallicatrichospores from cysts dissected from the ovaries of infected flies.
Keywords: fungi; Harpellales; ovarian cysts; Simuliidae; Trichomycetes

Avalon-Insular Continent by the Latest Precambrian - E. Landing (Avalonian and Related Peri-Gondwanan Terranes of the Circum-North Atlantic, 1996)
Keywords: geology paleontology

Conodonts, Stratigraphy, and Relative Sea-Level Changes of the Tribes Hill Formation (Lower Ordovician, East-Central New York) - E. Landing; Westrop, S. R.; Knox, L. A. (Journal of Paleontology, 1996)
Tremadocian onlap is recorded by the Tribes Hill Formation. The formation is a lower Lower Ordovician (upper conodont Fauna B Interval(?)- Rossodus manitouensis Zone) depositional sequence that unconformably overlies the Upper Cambrian Little Falls Formation. Depositional environments and stratigraphy indicate that the Tribes Hill was deposited on a wave-, not tide-, dominated shelf and that a uniform, 'layer-cake' stratigraphy is present. The deepening-shoaling sequence of the Tribes Hill includes the: 1) Sprakers Member (new; peritidal carbonate and overlying tempestite limestone and shale); 2) Van Wie Member (new; subtidal shale and limestone); 3) Wolf Hollow Member (revised; massive carbonates with thrombolitic cap); and 4) Canyon Road Member (new; glauconitic limestone and overlying evaporitic dolostone). The shoaling half-cycle of the Tribes Hill is older than a shoaling event in western Newfoundland, and suggests epeirogenic factors in earliest Ordovician sea-level change in east Laurentia. Conodont and trilobite biofacies track lithofacies, and Rossodus manitouensis Zone conodonts and Bellefontia Biofacies trilobites appear in the distal, middle Tribes Hill Formation. Twenty-four conodont species are illustrated. Ansella? protoserrata new species, lapetognathus sprakersi new species, Leukorhinion ambonodes new genus and species, and Laurentoscandodus new genus are described.
Keywords: conodonts; Lower Ordovician; Tribes Hill Formation

Oldest Shelly Fossils from the Taconic Allochthon and Late Early Cambrian Sea-Levels in Eastern Laurentia - E. Landing; Bartowski, K. E. (Journal of Paleontology, 1996)
Keywords: geology paleontology

Reconstructing the Avalon Continent: Marginal-to-Inner Platform Transition in the Cambrian of Avalonian New Brunswick - E. Landing (Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 1996)
A west to east, marginal to inner Avalonian platform transition, comparable to that in southeast Newfoundland and southern Britain, is present in the Cambrian of southern New Brunswick. The Saint John–Caton's Island–Hanford Brook area lay on the marginal platform, and its thick, uppermost Precambrian–lower Lower Cambrian is unconformably overlain by trilobite-bearing, upper Lower Cambrian. An inner platform remnant is preserved in the Cradle Brook outlier 60 km northeast of Saint John. In contrast to the marginal platform sequences, the Cradle Brook outlier has a very thin lower Lower Cambrian and has middle Lower Cambrian strata (Bonavista Group) not present on the marginal platform. The Cradle Brook Lower Cambrian closely resembles inner platform successions in eastern Massachusetts and Trinity and Placentia bays, southeast Newfoundland. A limestone with Camenella baltica Zone fossils on Cradle Brook seems to be the peritidal limestone cap of the subtrilobitic Lower Cambrian known in Avalonian North America (Fosters Point Formation) and England (Home Farm Member).
Keywords: geology

Sizing up the Sub-Tommotian Unconformity in Siberia; Discussion and Reply - E. Landing; Knoll, A. H.; Kaufman, A. J.; Semikhatov, M. A.; Grotzinger, J. P.; Adams, W. (Geology, 1996)
Keywords: geology

Upper Lower Cambrian Depositional Sequence in Avalonian New Brunswick - E. Landing; Westrop, S. R. (Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 1996)
The Hanford Brook Formation (emended) is a thin (up to 42+ m), upper Lower Cambrian depositional sequence that is unconformably bounded by the lower Lower Cambrian (Random Formation) and the middle Middle Cambrian (Fossil Brook Member of the Chamberlain's Brook Formation). These stratigraphic relationships of the trilobite-bearing Hanford Brook Formation indicate deposition on the Avalonian marginal platform in the Saint John, New Brunswick, region and provide more evidence for a uniform, latest Precambrian–Cambrian epeirogenic history and cover sequence in Avalon. The Hanford Brook Formation is a deepening–shoaling sequence with (i) lower, transgressive sandstone deposited in episodically high-energy environments (St. Martins Member, new); (ii) highstand–regressive, dysaerobic mudstone – fine-grained sandstone with volcanic ashes (Somerset Street Member, new); and (iii) upper, regressive, planar and hummocky cross-stratified sandstone (Long Island Member, new). Trilobites are common in the distal Somerset Street Member, and ostracodes and brachiopods dominate the St. Martins and Long Island members. Condensation of the St. Martins Member and absence of the Long Island Member where the Random Formation and Fossil Brook Member are thinnest suggest onlap of the Hanford Brook and pronounced, sub-Middle Cambrian erosion across epeirogenically active blocks in southern New Brunswick.
Keywords: geology

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1306.53.101, NY 7 Troy City Line to NY 142, Town of Brunswick, Rensselaer County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3013.03.121/BIN 1-03923-0, Route 174 over Ninemile Creek, Town of Marcellus, Onondaga County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 3037.59.121, NY 31, Town of Clay, Onondaga County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 8130.75.101, NY 120, Towns of North Castle and Harrison, Westchester County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 8503.12.121, NY 66 at NY 23B, City of Hudson and Town of Greenport, Columbia County, New York - M.S. LoRusso (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

The Biology Of Nola Pustulata (Walker) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae Nolinae) - T. L. McCabe (Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 1996)
The larva and pupa of Nola pustulata (Walker) are described and illustrated. Lyonia ligustrina (L.) DC. [Ericaceae] is established as a host. The moth is much more restricted in distribution than its food plant. The species is univoltine, overwintering as an egg that is deposited on the twigs of the food plant. Hatching coincides with bud burst. A keel-shaped cocoon is produced and adults emerge in early June. A parasitoid, Distatrix sp. (Hymenoptera:Braconidae), and a predator, Nabis inscriptus Kirby (Heteroptera: Nabidae) are reported.
Keywords: biology

Louisiana State Museum - J. F. Meany Jr.; Engelke, K. W. (The Journal of American History, 1996)
Keywords: history

Cyrtomnium hymenophylloides (Hüb.) Nyh. ex T. Kop. [Synonym: Mnium hymenophylloides Hüb.] - N. G. Miller (New York Rare Bryophytes Newsletter, 1996)
Keywords: biology

On the Distributional History of the Arctic-alpine Moss Cyrtomnium hymenophylloides (Mniaceae) in North America. - N. G. Miller (Bryologist, 1996)
Herbarium specimens of Cyrtomnium hymenophylloides document that this calcicole moss is widespread at lowland stations across the North American Arctic, largely north of treeline. It is found southward in the Rocky Mountains of western Canada, often in high elevation vegetation, and in New York-New England-eastern Canada in mountainous areas, but at lower altitudes beneath deciduous or conifer-deciduous forest. Its southeasternmost disjunct stations, which occur north of the glacial boundary, are interpreted as relicts on the basis of a late-Pleistocene fossil recovered from sediment of glacial Lake Hitchcock, southeastern Vermont. Extant populations occur near where the fossil was found. Spore production is unknown in North America in this dioicous moss, but its fragile stems may allow local dispersal at edaphically favorable sites and over longer distances in treeless vegetation. The southeasternmost disjunct populations may be clones, the persistence of which is favored by vegetative spread through the proliferation of new leafy branches from portions of the plants growing at or below the surface of the soil.
Keywords: biology

Liverwort Diversity in Maine - N. G. Miller (Biological Diversity in Maine: An Assessment of Status and Trends in the Terrestrial and Freshwater Landscape, 1996)
Keywords: biology

Liverworts - N. G. Miller (Biological Diversity in Maine: An Assessment of Status and Trends in the Terrestrial and Freshwater Landscape, 1996)
Keywords: biology

Review of: A. K. Bahrensmeyer et al. Terrestrial Ecosystems Through Time - N. G. Miller (Bryologist, 1996)
Keywords: biology

Review of E. H. Ketchledge. Forests and Trees of the Adirondack High Peaks Region, ed. 3. - N. G. Miller (NYFA (New York Flora Association) Newsletter, 1996)
Keywords: biology

Review of: R. H. Zander. The genera of pottiaceae, mosses of harsh environments - N. G. Miller (Clintonia, 1996)
Keywords: biology

A Catalog of the Plants of Bear Mountain, Harriman and Storm King State Parks - R. S. Mitchell; Barbour, J. G.; Focht, J. (1996)
Keywords: biology

Survey of the Parasites of Zebra Mussels (Bivalvia: Dreissenidae) in Northwestern Russia, With Comments on Records of Parasitism in Europe and North America - D. P. Molloy; Roitman, V. A.; Shields, J. D. (Journal of Helminthological Society of Washington, 1996)
Keywords: biology

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey for PIN 2018.74.101, Route 28 from Old Forge to Eagle Bay, Town of Webb, Herkimer County, New York. - M. Pickands (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2018.74.101, Route 28 from Old Forge to Eagle Bay, Town of Webb, Herkimer County, New York--Addendum. - M. Pickands; M.S. LoRusso (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1753.15.121, Route 61 over Battenkill River, Hamlet of Battenville, Towns of Greenwich and Jackson, Washington County, New York. - M. Pickands (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1753.37.122, Relocation of Maxwell Road at Albany Shaker Road, Town of Colonie, Albany County, New York - M. Pickands; M.S. LoRusso (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2018.74.101, Route 28 from Old Forge to Eagle Bay, Town of Webb, Herkimer County, New York - M. Pickands; M.S. LoRusso (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2020.08.121, Route 223 at the Intersection of Sutliffe Road, Towns of Westmoreland and Whitestown, Oneida County, New York. - M. Pickands; M.S. LoRusso (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2029.44.101, Culvert Realignment for Tyler's Creek Under NYS5S, Town of Florida, Montgomery County, New York - M. Pickands (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2134.15.121, Route 5 over Oriskany Creek, Hamlet of Kirkland, Town of Kirkland, Oneida County, New York. - M. Pickands (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for Route 208 from Orange County Line to Route 300, Hamlet of Wallkill, Town of Shawangunk, Ulster County, New York - M. Pickands (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1120.44.101, NY 23, Hamlet of Windham, Town of Windham, Greene County, New York - Reid, S.; M.S. LoRusso (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Program, PIN 9095.56.121, Route 10, Hamlet of Baird's Corner's, Town of Jefferson, Schoharie County, New York - C. B. Rieth; M.S. LoRusso (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey for PIN 7751.90.122, Main Street over Indian River, Village of Antwerp, Jefferson County, New York. - Schafer, D.; C. B. Rieth; M.S. LoRusso (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

A Cultural Resources Site Examination of The Tifft (NYSM # 10018), Nichols (NYSM# 10019) and Morton (NYSM# 10017 ) Sites PIN 7015.84.122, BIN 1-00044-0 Route 3--Oswego County Line to Aspinwall Corners Town of Ellisburg, Jefferson County, New York - Schafer, D.; J. P. Hart; C. L. Fisher (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Book Reviews of Vermont Cabinetmakers and Chairmakers Before 1855: A Checklist by Charles Robinson. Shelburne, Vt: Shelburne Museum, 1994, and The Best The Country Affords: Vermont Furniture, 1765-1850 by Kenneth Joel Zogry - J. L. Scherer (Vermont History, 1996)
Keywords: history

Clifton Park - J. L. Scherer (Arcadia Publishing, 1996)
Keywords: history

Cypripedium Hybrids in the Russian Far East: The Red Influence. Part 1, The Expedition - C. J. Sheviak (Orchids, 1996)
Keywords: biology

Cypripedium Hybrids in the Russian Far East: The Red Influence. Part 2, The Hybrids and the Origin of Cypripedium parviflorum - C. J. Sheviak (Orchids, 1996)
Keywords: biology

The Cypripedium parviflorum Salisb. Complex in North America. [Assembled and edited by P. M. Brown.] - C. J. Sheviak (North American Native Orchid Journal, 1996)
Keywords: biology

Changes in the Zooplankton of Onondaga Lake: Causes and Implications - C. A. Siegfried; Auer, N. A.; Effler, S. W. (Lake and Reservoir Management, 1996)
The zooplankton assemblage of ionically polluted, culturally eutrophic Onondaga Lake was monitored over the 1979–1989 interval, and compared to surveys conducted in 1968 and 1978. A major shift in the assemblage was apparent by 1987, soon after the closure (1986) of an industrial discharger of ionic (Cl; Na+ and Ca2+) waste. Species richness increased from 8 to 18 common species, and more efficient grazers, large-bodied cladocera and the calanoid copepod Diaptomus sitihides, became dominants. Until 1987, a single cyclopoid copepod, Cyclops vernalis, was the dominant component of zooplankton biomass. The most likely cause for the shift in the zooplankton assemblage of the lake is the reduction in salinity, and attendant precipitation of calcium carbonate, associated with the closure of the industry. Improved clarity in the lake, manifested largely as intervals of dramatic increases described as ‘clearing events’, observed annually since 1987, has been attributed to die shift to more efficient grazers. The increased grazing pressure, particularly from large daphnids, may also be responsible for the return of late summer nuisance blooms of filamentous cyanobacteria, not observed in the lake since the early 1970s.
Keywords: clarity; cyanobacteria; daphnid; diversity; grazing; ionic waste; Secchi disc; Species richness; zooplankton

Zooplankton Biology - C. A. Siegfried; Auer, N. A.; Effler, S. W. (Limnological and Engineering Analysis of a Polluted Urban Lake. Engineering Analysis, 1996)
Keywords: biology

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 1007.13.101, NY 144 over Coeymans Creek, Town of Coeymans, Albany County, New York--Addendum - J. Sopko (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2801.27.122, Judd Road Extension, Village of New York Mills, City of Utica, Towns of New Hartford, Oneida County, New York--Addendum - J. Sopko (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2801.27.122, Judd Road Extension, Village of New York Mills, City of Utica, Towns of New Hartford and Whitestown, Oneida County, New York - J. Sopko (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 2801.27.122 Judd Road Extension, Addendum B, City of Utica, Towns of Whitestown and New Hartford, Oneida County, New York - J. Sopko; M.S. LoRusso (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report for PIN 2801.27.122 Judd Road Extension, Addendum B, the Hobby Farm Site, NYSM Site 10168, Town of New Hartford, Oneida County, New York - J. Sopko; A. Lain (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report for PIN 2801.27.122 Judd Road Extension, Addendum B, NYSM Sites 10170, 10174, and 10177, Town of New Hartford, Oneida County, New York - J. Sopko (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resources Site Examination Report for the White Farm Site, PIN 8130.75.101, NY 120, Towns of North Castle and Harrison, Westchester County, New York. - J. Sopko (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Cultural Resourcses Reconnaissance Survey Report for PIN 7116.05.121, Route 9N, Towns of Black Brook and AuSable, Clinton County, New York (vols 1 and 2) - J. Sopko; M.S. LoRusso; M. Pickands (1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

History and the Burden of Proof: The Case of Iroquois Influence on the U.S. Constitution - Starna, W. A.; G. R. Hamell (New York History, 1996)
Keywords: anthropology history

"Why an Electric Motorcycle" - G. Stein (Classic Cycle Review, 1996)
Keywords: history

Reanalyzing the Ripley Site: Earthworks and Late Prehistory on the Lake Erie Plain - Sullivan, L. P. (New York State Museum Bulletin, 1996)
Keywords: anthropology

Research Plan for Prehistoric Sites - Sullivan, L. P.; J. P. Hart (Historic Context Development for Prehistoric Sites, U.S. Route 219, Cattaraugus and Erie Counties, New York, 1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Settlement Patterns - Sullivan, L. P. (Historic Context Development for Prehistoric Sites, U.S. Route 219, Cattaraugus and Erie Counties, New York, 1996)
Keywords: Cultural Resources

Catalogue of Earth Science Education Resources from State Geological Surveys - Suneson, N. H.; R. H. Fakundiny (New York State Museum Circular, 1996)
Keywords: geology