Aneura sharpii Inoue and Miller, which appears related to A. pinguis (L.) Dum. and A. maxima Schiffn., is described and illustrated as new species from North America (Tennesses [USA], West Virginia, New York, Pennsylvania, Vermont). Aneura sharpii is defined by rather narrow, bright green thalli (with the marginal wings broadly unistratose and varying from rather deeply lobed to weakly or moderately sinuate) and smooth calyptrae.